• 제목/요약/키워드: cultivars.

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남부지방 탑라이스 재배지역에 알맞은 벼 품종 선발 (Selection of Rice Cultivars Adaptable to Top Rice Cultivation Region in Southern Part of Korea)

  • 안덕종;원종건;김세종;최충돈;이상철
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제53권spc호
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    • pp.53-57
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    • 2008
  • 2006년도 고품질 쌀로 선정된 고품벼, 운광벼, 삼광벼를 기존의 일품벼와 대비하여 의성과 경주의 탑라이스 재배지역에서 2년간 적응시험을 하여 각 품종들의 품질과 미질 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 10a당 수량은 의성, 경주 모두 일품벼가 586 kg, 560 kg으로 가장 많은 수량을 보였으나, 완전미 수량은 삼광벼가 의성과 경주에서 각각 519 kg, 495 kg으로 일품벼보다 더 높은 수량을 보였다. 2. 쌀의 외형상 품위에서 완전립 비율은 삼광벼, 고품벼가 90.7%, 82.5%로 일품벼의 77.5%보다 높았다. 3. 단백질 함량은 삼광벼가 6.2%로 가장 낮았으며, 식미치에서는 삼광벼가 85.9%로 가장 높았다. 4. 쌀가루의 점도 특성에서 최고 점도는 의성의 운광벼가 3180으로 가장 높았으며, 경주의 일품벼가 2255로 가장 낮았다. 5. 밥의 물리적 특성에서 경도는 삼광벼가 평균 3174로 가장 낮았으나, 부착성이 -132로 높게 나왔다.

떫은감과 단감의 내한성(耐寒性) 차이(差異) (Difference in Freezing Resistance between Common and Sweet Persimmon)

  • 홍성각;황증
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제48권1호
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    • pp.25-28
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    • 1980
  • 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 떫은감 8품종(品種)과 단감 5품종(品種)에 대하여 1977~1978년(年) 겨울동안에 내한성(耐寒性)이 가장 약(弱)한 부위(部位), 동해(凍害)를 가장 많이 받는 시기(時期), 또한 단감과 떫은감 품종간(品種間)의 내한성(耐寒性)의 차이(差異)를 알고자 감나무 당년지(当年枝)의 동아(冬芽), 형성층(形成層), 재부유조직(材部柔組織), 부위별(部位別)로 77년(年)10월(月)26일(日), 78년(年) 1월(月)26일(日)과 3월(月)26일(日)에 시기별(時期別)로 내한성도(耐寒性度)가 측정(測定)되었다. 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 한겨울과 초봄에 가장 내한성(耐寒性)이 약(弱)한 부위(部位)는 동아(冬芽)였다. 2. 동아(冬芽)의 내한성(耐寒性)을 기준(基準)으로 단감 품종(品種)들은 떫은감 품종(品種)들보다 내한성(耐寒性)이 낮았다. 형성층(形成層)이나 재부유조직(材部柔組織)의 내한성(耐寒性)에 있어서는 위 두 품종(品種)들 사이에 일정(一定)한 차이(差異)가 없었다. 3. 동아(冬芽)가 가장 피해(被害)을 받기 쉬운 시기(時期)는 만상(晩霜) 일어나는 초봄인 것으로 나타났다.

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Rice cultivars adaptable for rice based cropping systems in a paddy field in the Yeongnam plain area of Korea

  • Kim, Sang-Yeol;Seo, Jong-Ho;Bae, Hyun-Kyung;Hwang, Chung-Dong;Ko, Jong-Min
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.355-363
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    • 2018
  • This study was conducted to investigate suitable rice cultivars for various rice based cropping systems in a paddy field in the Yeongnam plain area. Thirteen rice cultivars (5 early, 3 medium and 5 mid-late maturing cultivars) and three transplanting dates (June 5, June 25 and July 5) were evaluated in this study. The mid-late and early maturing cultivars for the July 5 and June 25 transplanting headed before August 30 which is the safe heading date in the Yeongnam plain area, ranging from Aug. 26 - 28 and Aug. 18 - 23, respectively. The safe harvest time of rice for double and triple cropping systems should be before the middle of October for the cultivation of the succeeding winter crops. The rice yield was the highest for the June 5 transplanting regardless of the rice cultivars, and it gradually decreased as the transplanting date was delayed from June 5 to July 5 due to a decrease in the spikelet numbers per panicle number and in the ripened grain rate. In contrast, the other yield parameters that include the panicle number per $m^2$, the 1,000-brown rice weight, and the ripened grain ratio were not significantly affected. The result indicates that based on the milled rice, heading time and harvest time, a medium maturing cultivar (Haiami and Samdeog) would be applicable to a winter barley/wheat, garlic/onion-summer rice double cropping, while a mid-late cultivar (Saeilmi, Saenuri and Hyunpoom) would be suitable for a spring potato/waxy corn-summer rice double cropping in the Yeongnam plain area. On the other hand, an early maturing cultivar (Unkwang, Jokwang and Haedamssal) would be preferable for a triple cropping because of the short growth period of rice.

염분 농도와 온도차이가 콩 품종들의 발아에 미치는 영향 (Effect of NaCl concentration and Temperature on the Germination of Soybean (Glysine max L.) Cultivars)

  • 조진웅;지희정
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2000
  • NaCl 농도와 온도 차이가 콩 품종들의 발아율에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. NaCl 농도가 높을수록 콩 품종들의 발아율은 감소하였으며, 온도차이에 따른 발아율은 35$^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 가장 낮았다. 종자의 형태와 크기별로 구분한 발아율은 1.2% NaCl 처리구의 15$^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 소립종 군이 가장 높았고, 35$^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 는 가장 낮았다. 품종들의 발아율은 1.2% NaCl 처리구의 35$^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 검정콩, 알찬콩, 금강콩, 화엄콩, 화성풋콩, 장미콩 등이 비교적 발아율이 높았고, 다원콩, 한남콩, 광안콩, 대백콩, 단원콩, 석양풋콩, 큰올콩, 보광콩, 장엽콩 등이 발아율이 비교적 낮았다. 콩 품종들의 발아율에 있어서 NaCl 농도와 온도간에는 상호작용 효과가 인정되어 고온과 높은 NaCl 농도일수록 발아율은 급격히 감소하였다.

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Avirulence Gene Diversity of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines Isolated in Korea

  • Park, Hyoung-Joon;Han, Sang-Wook;Oh, Chang-Sik;Lee, Seung-Don;Ra, Dong-Soo;Lee, Suk-Ha;Heu, Sung-Gi
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제18권9호
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    • pp.1500-1509
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    • 2008
  • The hybridization patterns with the avrBs3 gene that is known to determine the recognition of host specificity were used to study the diversity of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines causing bacterial leaf pustule in soybean. A total of 155 strains were isolated from diverse tissues of soybean cultivars collected in Korea and were classified into six different type strains of OcsF, SL1017, SL1018, SL1045, SL1157, and SL2098 according to the patterns of avrBs3-homologous bands. When these type strains were inoculated on various cultivars, most of the Korean strains mildly induced disease symptoms on the resistant CNS1 cultivars. Unlike other type strains, strain SL2098, which appeared not to contain any avrBs3 homolog, induced only a few pustules on even highly susceptible cultivars. When a plasmid carrying the 3.7-kb avrBs3-homologous gene from strain SL1045 was introduced into SL2098, the transformant could not recover the pathogenicity in susceptible host plants. However, when avrBs3-homologous genes of strain SL1018 were mutated by transposon mutagenesis, one of the mutants in which a 5.2-kb chromosomal band homologous to avrBs3 was disrupted could not induce the hypersensitive response on resistant cultivars such as William82 or CNS2. Our results suggest that the avrBs3 homologs may play important roles in the pathogenicity of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines and the recognition of soybean cultivars.

Fragrance Composition in Six Tree Peony Cultivars

  • Zhao, Jing;Hu, Zeng-Hui;Leng, Ping-Sheng;Zhang, Hui-Xiu;Cheng, Fang-Yun
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.617-625
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    • 2012
  • Tree peony is a traditional famous flower of China, and plays an important role in Chinese traditional culture. But the floral scent of tree peony in vivo is little known. In this study, in order to explore the floral composition of tree peony, floral volatiles of six cultivars, including Paeonia suffruticosa 'Zhaofen' (ZF), P. suffruticosa 'Luoyanghong' (LYH), P. ostii 'Fengdanbai' (FDB), P. ${\times}$ lemonei 'High noon' (HN), P. ${\times}$ lemonei 'Renown' (R), and P. rockii 'Gaoyuanshenghuo' (GYSH) were collected by dynamic headspace and then identified by Automated Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectometry. The results showed that floral fragrances of the six cultivars were qualitatively and quantitatively distinct. A total of 105 volatiles involving ten categories were detected. But not all volatile categories were emitted from these cultivars. The six peony cultivars emitted some shared compounds and peculiar compounds. The total released amounts of volatiles emitted from six cultivars were found significantly different, which was greatest for 'GYSH'. The most abundant volatile compounds detected from 'ZF', 'LYH', 'FDB', 'HN', 'R', and 'GYSH' were respectively ${\alpha}$-pinene, 2,3-dihydroxy propanal, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, acetic acid 1-methylethyl ester, and 5-ethyl-2,2,3-trimethyl heptane. This result may contribute to exploring the biosynthesis and emission mechanism of floral scent in tree peony.

Effect of UV Radiation on Early Growth of Korean Rice Cultivars(Oryza sativa L.)

  • Choi, Kwan-Sam;In, Jun-Gyo;Kang, Si-Yong;Bae, Chang-Hyu;Lee, Hyo-Yeon
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.296-301
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    • 1999
  • The concerns on the crop damage by ultraviolet (UV) radiations is increasing owing to the decrease of their absorbing stratospheric ozone in the tropospheric. Cultivar differences on early growth of UV radiation among five Korean rice cultivars, four japonica types and one Tongil type (indica-japonica cross hybrid), were studied. Pot-seeded rice plants were grown under four different radiation conditions, i.e., visible radiation only, visible radiation with supplemented with high or low dose of UV-B (280~320 nm in wavelength) and UV-C (less than 280 nm in wavelength). The inhibitory degree on plant height, shoot and root weight and length of leaf blade and leaf sheath were determined at 40 days after seeding. UV-C showed the most severe inhibitory effect on the degree of biomass gain and leaf growth in most cultivars examined, followed by high UV-B and low UV-B. Among the cultivars used, the Kuemobyeo was the most sensitive cultivar and had not repair or showed resistance ability to continued irradiation of UV radiation. However, Janganbyeo and Jaekeon showed different responses that the elongation of leaf blades was promoted on 2nd and 3rd leaves and inhibited on 4th and 5th leaves but this inhibitory degree was reduced on 6 th and 7th leaves. Such tendency on leaf growth means that both cultivars had low sensitivity and most resistant ability to continued irradiation of UV radiation. While Tongil showed different response to enhanced UV radiation, ie., low UV-B promoted leaf growth but the inhibitory was severely increased by continued irradiation of high UV-B and UV-C, which means that Tongil had high threshold of UV radiation for response as an inhibitory light of plant growth. The results of this study indicate that the differences on sensitivity or resistant to the effects of UV radiation were existed among Korean rice cultivars.

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Physicochemical Properties of Starches Isolated from New Potato Cultivars in Korea

  • Lee, Hae-Chang;Kim, Yoon-Sook;Choi, In-Wook;Park, Yong-Kon;Lim, Hak-Tae;Ji, Joong-Ryong;Choi, Hee-Don
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.855-860
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    • 2009
  • Physicochemical properties of starches isolated from 3 new potato cultivars developed by Potato Valley Ltd. were investigated and compared to those of starch isolated from 'Superior' being distributed prominently in Korea. Significant differences were observed in physicochemical properties such as granule size, amylose content, phosphorus content, water binding capacity, swelling power, solubility, and in vitro digestibility of starches from different potato cultivars. Thermal properties were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and onset gelatinization temperatire ($T_o$), peak temperature ($T_p$), and enthalpies of gelatinization (${\triangle}H$) of different potato cultivars ranged as $58.0{\pm}0.3-61.7{\pm}0.4^{\circ}C,\;63.7{\pm}0.2-$ $66.5{\pm}0.0^{\circ}C$, and $15.6{\pm}0.5-17.0{\pm}0.3$ J/g, respectively. Pasting properties were evaluated using a rapid visco analyzer (RVA), and pasting temperature, peak viscosity, and final viscosity of different potato cultivars ranged as $65.0{\pm}0.1-68.9{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$, $8,163.7{\pm}196.3-9,035.7{\pm}6.4$ cp, and $4,397.7{\pm}166.7-7,025.0{\pm}271.3$ cp, respectively. Especially, 'Gogu valley' starch showed the highest values in the amylose and phosphorus content among tested potato cultivars and higher water binding capacity, swelling power, and solubility than those of other tested starches. And it also showed high pasting temperature, peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity as compared to other tested starches.

제초제(除草劑) 신기능(新機能) 작물품종(作物品種) 이용(利用) 잡초방제(雜草防除) 기술(技術) (Weed Management Using a Potential Allelopathic Crop)

  • 김길웅;박광호
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.80-93
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    • 1997
  • Allelopathic compounds as naturally occurring herbicide have originally reported from local vegetation since B.C. 300. These compounds are known as secondary plant metabolites which released from plants into the environment often attract or repel, nourish or poison other organisms. In recent, many natural plant allelochemicals be used to attempt to biologically or ecologically control weed among worldwide weed scientists. Some allelochemicals have also used as fungicides, insecticides, and nematodicides, and were less than man-made agrochemicals to damage the global ecosystem. It makes efficient use of resources internal to the farm, relies on a minimum of purchased inputs. Some scientists selected for allelopathic activity when breeding weed-controlling cultivars of rice, sorghum, cucumber, surflower etc. Thus, this paper is focused on allelopathic compounds isolated from cultivated crop with the high potential of prospective herbicides. The most environmentally acceptable and sustainable approach to utilization of allelopathy for weed control is to develop plant cultivars with proven allelopathic characteristics. In rice accessions, there are 60 cultivars/lines which have known as allelopathic activity and some of these cultivars control weed more less 90% within certain radius of activity. These accessions are originated from 15 countries including Korea, Japan, USA, India, Philippines, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Afghanistan, Mali, Pakistan, Colombia, Egypt, China, and Dom. Rep. From these cultivars, the most common allelopathic compounds identified in rice are p-Hydroxybenzoic, Vanillic, p-Coumaric, and Ferulic acids. In addition, allelopathic lines of the following crop have shown inhibition of weed growth : beet (Beta vulgaris), lupin(Lupinus spp.), com(Zea mays), Wheat(Triticum aestivum), oats(Avena spp.) peas(Pisum sativum), barley(Hordeum vulgare), rye(Secale cereale), and cucumber(Cucumis sativus). Thus, future allelopathy research must be designed its potentially phytotoxic propertices and the ecotoxic features of the allelochemicals from release to degradation ; its ecological sustainability, its allelopathic effect in early growth. stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical concentrations. Also, research approach in allelopathy might be screened for highly allelopathic germplasm collection of crops, the idea being to ultimately transfer this agronomic character into improved cultivars by either conventional breeding or other genetic transfer techniques.

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마늘유래 Cytochrome P450 유전자의 변이 분석 (Genetic Variation of Cytochrome P450 Genes in Garlic Cultivars)

  • 권순태
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.584-590
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    • 2011
  • 의성종 마늘의 유묘로부터 상처(wound)에 특이적으로 발현되는 cytochrome P450 유전자군의 하나인 P450-Esg cDNA를 탐색하였다. P450-Esg는 1,419 bp의 open reading frame(ORF)을 가지고 473개의 아미노산을 가진 polypeptide를 코딩하는 것으로 나타났다. 국내와 몽골로부터 수집한 12개의 재배종으로 부터 P450-Esg 유사 유전자의 염기서열을 비교한 결과 시작코돈(ATG)에서 472~510 bp 및 1,210~1,240 bp 부위의 염기에서 재배종간에 차이를 보이는 염기서열을 다수 확인하였다. cDNA 1,210~1,240 bp의 부위는 P450 유전자에서 공통적으로 알려진 heme binding domain으로, 각 지역에서 수집된 재배종은 염기서열뿐만 아니라 아미노산 서열에 있어서도 특이적인 변이를 보였다. cDNA 472~510 bp 부위에서 코딩하는 13개 아미노산의 서열은 12개 재배종에서 모두 동일하였으나, 13개 아미노산 중 7개에서 재배종 마다 각각 다른 DNA 염기로 코딩하는 단일 염기다형성(single nucleotide polymorphism)을 보이는 서열을 확인하였다. 이 결과는 다양하게 존재하는 국내외 마늘 재배종을 구분하는 marker로 사용될 것이며, 외국산 마늘에 대한 유전적 우선권을 확보하는 수단으로 사용될 것이다.