• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.383-391
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• 2014

This study was conducted to ascertain the antioxidant properties of Hamcho (Salicornia herbacea L.) and as well as manufacture pettitoes using Hamcho as a natural antioxidant material for diverse applications. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of 25, 50, 100 mg/mL in methanol extracts from Salicornia herbacea L. increased significantly (p<0.05) to 12.8%, 21.6% and 39.1%, respectively. The total phenolic content was $38.58{\pm}4.25{\mu}M$ as tannic acid equivalent for 100 mg/mL of methanol extracts from Hamcho. FRAP value was $448.58{\pm}14.01{\mu}M$ as ascorbic acid equivalent in reducing power. To apply Hamcho to food as a natural antioxidant, pettitoes were prepared with added Hamcho. To manufacture pettitoes added with Hamcho, general quality characteristics of pettitoes added with 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% based on 100 g of pettitoes were determined. In conclusion, mineral components increased according to the added amount of Salicornia herbacea L. Crude protein showed the highest value with 2% added Hamcho. Overall, the addition of Hamcho led to hardening of the meat texture. As a result of measuring color in terms of brightness, redness, and yellowness with chromaticity, the L value (brightness) increased with added amount of Hamcho. There was no significant difference in redness or yellowness. As a result of the sensory evaluation of pettitoes according to addition of Hamcho, the group with 4% added Hamcho showed enhanced overall preference with improved flavor, taste and textural properties.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 1998

The effects of methanol extracts of plant molluscicide, Brassaia actinophylla (Araliaceae) had been assessed on development of eggs f snails, Biomphalaria glabrata and Indoplanorbis exustus at sublethal concentrations. Results revealed that the administration of 10mg/l of B. actionophylla caused some alterations in embryos of both species. Niclosamide (0.004 mg/l) also arrested the development of embryos in B. glabrata ans I. exustus. It can be concluded that B. actinophylla has a potential use as an avicidal agent in the control of the snail intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2010

This study compared the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of two plants used as "Injin" (Korean herbal medicine), namely, Injinho (Artemisia capillaris Thunberg) and Haninjin (Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura). The ethyl acetate and ether fractions of crude methanol extracts from A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi were tested against three grampositive bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens), and a yeast (Saccharomyceus cerevisiae). The antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate and ether fraction of both plants was strong, but that of A. iwayomogi extracts was higher than that of A. capillaris extract for the microbes tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the ether and ethyl acetate fraction of A. iwayomogi was highest for P. fluorescens and lowest for S. aureus and E. coli. We analyzed the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate fraction of A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main components of A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi were escoparone (86.82%) and scopoletin (20.47%), respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.455-460
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• 2004

This study was conducted to determine the yield, free radical scavengering effect and total phenol contents of various solvent fractions on the crude and defatted grape seed extract during storage. The optimal condition for the extraction yield, free radical scavengering effect and total phenol contents was $90\%$ ethanol for 6 hour at $70^{\circ}C$. The extraction yield for crude and defatted grape seed at optimal condition was $8.9\%\;and\;9.16\%$, respectively. Also, the strongest free radical scavengering effect with $41.52\;{\mu}g/mL$ was observed in $95\%$ ethanol of defatted grape seed extracted for 6 hour at $70^{\circ}C$. Similar result was observed in total phenol contents of defatted grape seed. The ethyl acetate fraction obtained from ethanol extract of defatted grape seed showed the strongest RC50($12.35\;{\mu}g/mL$) compared to other organic fractions. Free radical scavengering effect of crude and defatted grape seed extracts treated with alkali condition(pH 10) was reduced compared to that of acidic condition(pH 2) during storage far 1 month at $50^{\circ}C$. Overall, more stronger free radical scavengering effect and higher total phenol contents in defatted grape seed extracts was observed than that of crude grape seed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.816-820
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• 2003

The chloroform extract of the aerial part of Limnophila geoffrayi showed antimycobacterial and antioxidant activities. Bioassay-guided fractionation has led to the isolation of the flavones nevadensin (5,7-dihydroxy-6,8,4'-trimethoxyflavone, 1) and isothymusin (6,7-dimethoxy-5,8,4'-trihydroxyflavone, 2). Both compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibition activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with equal MIC value of $200{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/mL$. Only compound 2 exhibited antioxidant activity against the radical scavenging ability of DPPH, with the $IC_{50}$ value of $7.7{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/mL$. The crude hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts as well as the pure compounds 1 and 2 did not exhibit mutagenic activity in the Bacillus subtilis recassay.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.256-261
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• 1996

Comparative biological activities of 70fr methanol extracts from the main roots and rhizomes of both red and white ginsengs were investigated using several in vitro experimental models. The main root of red ginseng and the rhizome of white ginseng strongly inhibited lipld peroxidation of hepatic microsomes induced by the non-enzymatic $Fe^{+}$ / Ascorbate system. The main root and rhizome of red ginseng markedly inhibited the release of G07, GPT and LDH by $CCl_4$-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes as compared with those of white ginseng. And also, the main root of red ginseng showed a slight differentiating activity on HL-60 cancer cell line. The results suggest that the rhizome of ginseng have potential as a source of medicinal crude drug with possible pharmacolobica1 applications .

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.472-477
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• 2004

Hypoglycemie effect of Moutan Radicis Cortex (MRC) extract contained in Yukmijihuang-hwan was determined by investigating insulin-sensitizing and ${\alpha}-glucoamylase-suppressing$ actions. MRC was extracted with 70% ethanol, fractionated by XAD-4 column chromatography with mixture solvent of methanol and water, and utilized for hypoglycemic effect assay. Significant insulin sensitizing activities of MRC extracts were observed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, giving MRC extracts with 1 ng/mL insulin reach glucose uptake level increased by 50 ng/mL of insulin alone. MRC methanol extracts of 20, 40, 60, and 80% suppressed ${\alpha}-glucoamylase$ activity in vitro. Peak serum glucose levels and area under curve were lower in Sprague Dawley male rats treated with MRC ethanol extract than those treated with cellulose in oral glucose tolerance test using 2 g dextrin/kg body weight. These data suggest MRC extracts contain effective insulin -sensitizing and ${\alpha}-glucoamylase-suppressing$ compounds for hypoglycemic activity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1271-1277
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• 2008

We investigated to determine the inhibitory effects of solvent extracts from dried onion on growth of cancer cell lines (HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma and HT-29 human colon cancer cells) and $H_{2}O_{2}$-induced oxidative stress. Two different drying methods, low temperature vacuum dryer and freeze dryer, were employed to dry onion. Inhibitory effects of acetone with methylene chloride (A+M) and methanol (MeOH) extracts from onion by two drying methods on the growth of HT-1080 and HT-29 cancer cells increased in a dose dependent manner (p<0.05) and the higher inhibitory effect was shown in onion extracts dried by low temperature vacuum dryer. The treatments of hexane, 85% aq. methanol, butanol and water fractions significantly inhibited the growth of both cancer cells (p<0.05) and onion fractions dried by freeze dryer showed a higher inhibitory effect compared with those dried by low temperature vacuum dryer. In order to determine a protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative stress, DCHF-DA (dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate) assay was conducted. All fractions including crude extracts of dried onion appeared to significantly reduce the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p<0.05). Higher antioxidant effect was observed in onions dried by the low temperature vacuum dryer method. These results indicate that the low temperature vacuum dryer is useful to dry and produce onion powder.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.6117-6121
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• 2015

Background: Most northeast Thai vegetables may play roles in human health by acting as antioxidant and anticancer agents. Recent study showed that Cratoxylum formosum subsp. pruniflorum (Kurz.) Gogel. (Teawdang) could inhibit growth of liver cancer cell lines. Cervical cancer, which has human papilloma virus as its main cause, is found at high incidence in Thailand. Due to increasing drug resistance, searches for potential anticancer compounds from natural source are required. Therefore, our purpose was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Teawdang extracts in cervical cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: Teawdang edible parts, purchased from Khon Kaen market during July-October 2013 was extracted with organic solvent. Phenolic profiles of crude hexane (CHE), ethyl acetate (CEE), methanol (CME) and water (CWE) extracts were performed by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) techniques. Their cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells were investigated with HPV-non infected (C-33A) and HPV-infected (HeLa and SiHa) cell lines. Results: HPLC profiles showed that all crude extracts contained caffeine, ferulic acid and resveratrol. CME and CEE had high contents of gallic acid and quercetin. Catechin was found only in CWE. Cytotoxicity test showed that CEE had the lowest IC50 on HeLa ($143.18{\pm}13.35 {\mu}g/mL$) and SiHa cells ($106.45{\pm}15.73{\mu}g/mL$). C-33A cells were inhibited by CWE ($IC50=130.95{\pm}3.83{\mu}g/mL$). Conclusions: There were several phenolic compounds in Teawdang extracts which may have cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cell lines. Investigation of these bioactive compounds as new sources of anticancer agents is recommended.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.37 no.2 s.145
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• pp.110-115
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• 2006

Melittia inouei (Yuri Nabang) larvae are used as a crude drug in East Asia for treating stomach cancer and inflammation, and currently reared as a pharmaceutical insect in Jejudo, Korea. This study evaluated the immuno-modulating activity of these extracts, by determining the level of, cytokine production from mouse splenocytes stimulated with the extracts. The Melittia inouei larvae extracts did not induce the splenocyte proliferation. On the other hand, they stimulated the splenocytes to produce cytokines such as $TNF-{\alpha}$, whereas they did not stimulate IL10, IL12 or $IFN-{\gamma}$. The aqueous portion of its plant (Tri-chosanthis kirilowii) extract (sap) was found to be a potent inducer of NO production from the CPAE cells. However, it showed weak inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production from splenocytes. These data suggests that a Melittia inouei larvae extract immune modulatory activity in cytokine prodcutions such as $TNF-{\alpha}$ and VEGF which might be related its anticancer effect.