• Plant Resources
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2003

To find out the optimum fertilizer level for high yielding variety, Velox, experiment was conducted with 15 compositions of fertilizer levels at the experiment field of forage crop in Sunchon National University from Mar. 2000 to Aug. 2000. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on plant growth were significant but increasing rate of application in potassium and phosphate fertilizers above 6 kg/a had negligible effects on plant growth. The optimum nitrogen application level of fertilizers turned out to be 16-6-6 kg/l0a of N-P$_2$O$_{5}$-K$_{5}$O. Content of crude protein was highest and that of crude fiber such as NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin were lowest at this rate of fertilizer application. Furthermore, IVDMD was high and dry matter yield were highest at the optimum raterate

• Plant Resources
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2004

In order to find out the optimum harvest (dipping) date combined with sowing date on yield and nutrient quality of forage rye which is suitable at the Southern part of Korea, Paldanghomil variety was grown Sep. 2001 to May 2002 at Sunchon National University, and yield and nutrient quality of plant were observed. As harvest date and sowing date were delayed, the plant length was longest, number of leaves per plant was increased in the time of May 20 clipping. Fresh yield was the heaviest in the time of May 20 clipping and Oct. l0 sowing, and the most dry matter yield was the heaviest in the time of May 20 clipping and Oct. 10 sowing. Content of crude protein was the highest and that of crude fiber such as NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were the lowest in the late time of clipping and sowing. Further more IVDMD was high and dry matter yield and digestible dry matter yield were the highest in the time of May 20 dipping and Oct. 10 sowing. Judging from the results reported above, at optimum harvest (dipping) date combined with sowing date for yield and nutrient quality of forage rye seemed to be the time of May 20 clipping and Oct. 10 sowing.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.326-333
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• 1994

볏짚의 사료가치를 증진시키기 위하여 과산화수소에 의한 전처리와 섬유소 및 리그닌분해력이 강한 Pleurotus florida 균주로 발효사료를 제조하고 화학성분, 결정도 및 in vitro 소화율을 조사하여 사료적 가치를 검토하였다. P. florida에 의한 볏짚발효시 hemicellulose, cellulose 및 lignin은 각각 22.5%, 11.4%, 28.1% 감소하였고, $H_2O_2$나 $H_2O_2(pH\;11.5)$ 전처리 후 발효시에는 4% 이하의 저농도에서 감소가 심하였으며 발효기간이 경과할수록 cellulose, lignin 등이 감소하였고 아미노산함량은 무처리 볏짚에 비하여 배양 30일 후에 약 28.9% 증가하였으며 4% $H_2O_2$ 전처리 후 발효시는 35.1% 증가하였다. 볏짚 섬유소의 결정도는 $H_2O_2$ 처리 및 P. florida에 의한 발효처리로 감소하였고 $H_2O_2(pH\;11.5)$ 처리시 증가하였으며 $H_2O_2(pH\;11.5)$ 처리 후 수세시의 잔류볏짚의 결정도는 더욱 증가하였고 P. florida에 의한 볏짚배양 30일 후 in vitro 소화율은 17.1% 증가하였으며, $H_2O_2$ 전처리 후 발효시킨 볏짚은 6% 이하의 저농도에서 소화율 상승효과가 있었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1988

This experiment was conducted to find out the effects of the different cutting height on the chemical composition, energy production and relation of yields of Italian ryegrass, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass swards. It was carried out on the experimental field of Livestock Experiment Station, in Suweon, from Sept. 1986 to May 1987. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Chemical composition and Van Soest fiber contents were slightly different among grasses. But were not same trend with cutting heights. At the late vegetative stage, crude protein and crude fiber content were much more in tall fescue, Ash in perennial ryegrass, E.E. and NFE in Italian ryegrass respectively. NDF, ADF, Hemicellulose, Lignin, Cellulose and Silica contents were much more in tall fescue than the others. 2. DM, DCP, TDN, StE, ME and NEL productions were appeared to high in line with Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. In addition 6 cm cutting height was the most production in Italian ryegrass, 15 cm cutting height was the most production in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. 3. The much more content of crude protein, the less nonstructural carbohydrate content. The less content of NDF, the much more nonstructural carbohydrate content. Green and dry matter yield before wintering were not influence the green and dry matter yield of the late vegetative stage, but green yield before wintering influenced total green yield.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.517-522
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to compare in vitro gas production kinetics, metabolizable energy (ME), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and microbial protein (MP) production of widely used legume hays in ruminant nutrition in Turkey. Gas production were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and their kinetics were described using the equation p = a+b ($1-e^{-ct}$). There were significant differences among legume hays in terms of chemical composition. The crude protein content of legume hays ranged from 11.7 to 18.6% of dry matter (DM); crude fat from 2.1 to 3.5% DM; neutral detergent fiber from 35.6 to 52.0% DM; acid detergent fiber from 32.0 to 35.5% DM and acid detergent lignin 1.7 to 11.0% DM. Total gas production after 96 h incubation ranged between 61.67 and 76.00 ml/0.200 g of substrate. At 24, 72 and 96 h incubation the total gas production for common vetch were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of the other legume hays. The ME, OMD and MP of legume hays ranged from 9.09 to 11.12 MJ/kg DM, 61.30 to 75.54% and 90.35 to 138.05 g/kg DM, respectively. The ME, OMD and MP of common vetch was significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of the other hays due to low cell-wall contents and high crude protein. At the end of the experiment, differences in chemical composition of legume hays resulted in the differences in the in vitro gas production, gas production kinetics and the estimated parameters such as ME, OMD and MP. Common vetch can be recommended to hay producers and ruminant breeders, due to high ME, OMD and MP production.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.852-856
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• 2004

쌈샐러드 11종류의 일반성 분과 구조탄수화물인 식이섬유류(TDF, IDF, SDF, NDF, DFi)를 측정하였다 쌈샐러드의 조단백질과 조지방 함량이 2∼3배 높았으며 조회분의 경우 곡류보다 7배 가량 높았다. 전조물 기준으로 TDF 함유량에 있어서 Costamary가 32.61%로 낮았으나 Treviso가 41.22%로 높았으며, IDF는 Red leaf beet이 21.58%로 낮았고, Treviso가 28.95%로 높았으나 SDF는 Nakai이 6.60%로 낮았고 Common danelion이 14.70%로 매우 높았다. 건물기준으로 total carbohyate는 Salad bowl이 73.65%로 가장 높았고 Red leaf beet이 36.30%로 가장 낮았고, NDF는 Nakai가 48.83%로 가장 높았고 Red leaf beet이 29.60%로 가장 낮았다 ADL은 Salad bowl이 27.65%로 높았고 가장 낮은 것은 Com salad로 2.92%였으며 hemicellulose는 Nakai가 22.55%로 가장 높았고 Salad bowl이 2.15%로 낮았다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2005

TO select the most suitable crop and variety of forage for nutrient quality at the southern part of Korea, the crop of wheat, barley and rye were grown from Oct. 1999 to June 2000. Paldanghomil variety of rye crop was shown to have the highest chemical components in comparison to other varieties of crops used in this experiment. It showed relatively high content of crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and low content of NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin. Therefore, it was concluded that paldanghomil of rye crop was the most suitable variety with high weight and high nutrient quality for forage in the southern part of Korea. The heritabilities of all nutrient quality characters were estimated to be high.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 1985

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 임간혼파초지(林間混播草地)에서 3 요소(要素) 시비수준(施肥水準)이 목초(牧草)의 조단백질(粗蛋白質), 조섬유(粗纖維) 및 무기성분함량(無機成分含量)과 임간지(林間地)에서 자란 나무의 생장(生長)에 미치는 영향을 구명(究明)하고자 차광정도(遮光程度) $40{\sim}50%$인 수영(樹齡) $10{\sim}15$년생(年生)의 소나무지대에서 실시(實施)되었다. 4. 시험(試驗)은 13가지 NPK 시비수준을 달리하여 난괴법 3반복으로 배치되었으며, 1984년도(年度) 수원 근교 임간지에서 수행된 시험(試驗)의 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 목초중(牧草中) 조단백질함량(粗蛋白質含量)과 총단백질량(總蛋白質量)은 대체로 질소시비수준이 표준비 이상일 때 높았으며, 3 요소 무비구와 질소무비구에서 가장 낮았고, 인산과 칼리가 단백질함량에 미치는 영향은 작았다. 2. 조섬유함량중(粗纖維含量中) lignin과 silica함량은 3 요소 시비수준이 증가함에 따라 감소하였으나 (P<0.05), NDF, ADF, cellulose 및 hemicellulose함량은 시비수준별(施肥水準別) 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다. 조섬유함량(粗纖維含量)과 소화율(消化率)은 질소시비에 의해 영향을 받았으며, 인산과 칼리시비의 영향은 작았다. 3. 목초(牧草)의 무기성분함량중(無機成分含量中) N, K 및 $SiO_2$ 함량은 시비수준별(施肥水準別) 차이가 있었으나, P, Ca, Mg 및 Na 함량은 시비수준별 차이가 없었다. 4. 각 시비수준별(施肥水準別) NPK 비료회수율(肥料回收率)은 표준비시용에서 가장 높았고, 그 이상의 시비수준(施肥水準)에서는 낮았으며, $K_2O>N>P_2O_5$순(順)이었다. 5. 나무생장(生長)도 3 요소(要素) 시비수준(施肥水準)이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 목초(牧草)에 미치는 영향과 마찬가지로 질소시비의 영향이 크고, 인산과 칼리시비의 영향은 작았다. 6. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)를 종합(綜合)하여 볼 때 목초중(牧草中) 단백질(蛋白質), 조섬유(粗纖維) 및 무기성분함량(無機成分含量)과 나무생장(生長)에서는 질소시비(施肥)의 영향이 가장 컸으며, 임간초지(林間草地)에서 목초(牧草)의 품질(品質)을 높이고, 양질(良質)의 목초(牧草)를 가축에게 급여하기 위해서는 표준비시용(標準肥施用)($N-P_2O_5-K_2O=28-20-24kg/10a$)이 바람직하다고 생각된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2020

Barley is an important cereal gain which is traditionally used in some nations of Asia and North Africa, and there has been growing interest in using barley as an ingredient in food due to their nutritional value and high content of phyto-constituents. However, no study report on comparative feed value between sprouted barley, cornflake and alfalfa hay. Therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, amino acid profile and mineral content of 6 day sprouted barley fodder (SBF) compared with cornflake and alfalfa hay using by AOAC method, as an alternative feed ingredient. Results showed that SBF had higher content of crude protein, acid detergent insoluble crude proteins and neutral detergent insoluble crude protein than alfalfa hay and cornflake; cornflake had higher crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber content than SBF and alfalfa hay; alfalfa hay had higher crude fiber, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and lignin level than SBF and cornflake. Also, significant differences were found on amino acid content among them (p<0.01). The most abundant amino acid in SBF was glutamate (123 g/kg DM), which is higher than in alfalfa hay (1.27%) or cornflake (1.58%). However, methionine (1.33%) and cysteine (1.53%) were the least abundant amino acids in SBF compared with cornflake or alfalfa hay. Furthermore, our study results exhibited that SBE comprise a good sources of minerals including ferrous (90.01 mg/kg) followed by zinc (20.50 mg/kg), magnesium (0.20 mg/kg) and sodium (0.03 mg/kg) as compared to cornflake and alfalfa hay. The present research findings, confirmed that the nutritional values of SBF are comparable to those of cornflake and alfalfa hay. Hence, SBF can be a better alternative feed ingredient for cornflake or alfalfa hay. However, feeding trials will be required to determine acceptability of SBF for ruminant production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 1991

Four fibrous feedstuffs from alfalfa meal (AFM), cassava leaf meal (CLM), rubber seed meal (RSM) and leucaena meal (LM) were included in semi-purified diets for growing pig (45 kg body wt.) at 20%, to investigate the effects of these fiber sources and fractions on amino acid digestibility. Cellulose (C), a purified fiber source was included in another diet at 5% level for comparison. The barrows fitted with ileal T-cannula were used in the digestion trials with latin square design. The digestibilities of amino acids were measured at both terminal ileum and fecal level. NDF and hemicellulose content were the highest in AFM-diet whereas LM-diet had the highest ADF and lignin content. RSM-diet contained the highest crude fiber and cellulose content. The digestibilities of amino acids at ileal level were found the highest with CLM-diet, while LM-diet was the least. At fecal level, control diet and CLM-diet were the highest in amino acid digestibility while AFM-diet was the least. The digestibility of amino acids was higher at ileal than fecal level. The digestibility of arginine was not affected with fiber fractions but was found to be the most disestible across all diets. The most depressed amino acid was methionine at both levels; praline and glycine, in the dispensable amino acid group, were depressed at ileal and fecal level, respectively. Lignin did not depress amino acid digestibility in general but specifically depressed methionine, histidine, isoleucine and threonine digestibility. Cellulose content did not affect amino acid digestibility but undesirable factors might be responsible.