• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.132-144
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to suggest countermeasures to reduce the damage of manufacturers in halal industries and to increase the transparency of the halal market along with raising some problems of halal supply chain management (HSCM). Design/methodology/approach - To achieve to the aim of this research, halal supply chain is categorized as a green zone or a red zone according to the possibility of cross-contamination, and the study introduces 2 examples in Malaysia and Indonesia regarding cross-contamination. Findings - More than 70% of the companies producing halal-certified products are, ironically, non-Muslim suppliers under the halal certificate system and by using halal supply chain. Most Muslim countries do not exercise control over the completed halal supply chain. In most Muslim countries which do not exercise control over halal supply chain properly, there is always a possibility of cross-contamination of products during the processes of distribution. Research limitations/implications - This research has been conducted by accessing cases in halal supply chain. These cases are found in some Muslim countries, not all Muslim countries. Nevertheless, the authors found the possibility of these cross-contaminations in all Muslim countries, and it will damage the halal market. Originality/value - While existing studies have focused on protecting Muslim consumers by ensuring the integrity of halal products in halal supply chain, there is no research on how to protect halal product manufacturers as another important axis of halal SCM.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1999.03b
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• pp.39-44
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• 1999

Hydroforming is a forming process enabling circular metal tubes to be produced in complex cross sections along curved axial paths With the availability of advanced machine design and control They offer advantages over stamped sheet metal in lower tooling cost and structural mass The technology is relatively new so that there is no large knowledge base to assist the fundamentals of tube hydroforming technology. The purpose of this paper is found that adaptive bending condition and contact condition for bended part has uniform thickness distribution.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.283-288
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• 2008

A post-linearization technique for the differrential CMOS LNA is presented. The proposed method uses an additional cross-coupled common-source FET pair to cancel out the third-order intermodulation ($IM_3$) current of the main differential amplifier. This technique is applied to enhance the linearity of CMOS LNA using $0.18-{\mu}m$ technology. The LNA achieved +10.2 dBm IIP3 with 13.7 dB gain and 1.68 dB NF at 2 GHz consuming 11.8 mA from a 1.8-V supply. It shows IIP3 improvement by 6.6 dB over the conventional cascode LNA without the linearizing circuit.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.170-176
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• 2008

The concept design of Flexible Seal for thrust vector control of solid motor was performed. Through the concept design, the optimum pivot point of flexible seal, cross-section configuration of flexible seal and thermal protection system from combustion gas was decided. The pivot point of flexible seal has aft pivot type and cross-section view is conical type. For satisfying a spring torque rate, the shear modulus of rubber has the value of under about 0.6MPa and failure shear stress has over about 2.5MPa.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.57.3-58
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• 2017

We report the detailed design of an unprecedented wideband(band7+8) corrugated feed horn in ASTE focal plane array aiming for future ALMA receiver. We have found that such design constraints as return loss, cross-polarization level, beam width and phase curvature can be controlled by optimizing critical corrugation parameters at the throat and flare region of the horn. The success of optimization manifest itself through simulated aperture effciency over 80 % at the entire frequency range. Physical implications of the resulting corrugation parameters are discussed.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2001

We measured the electron transport coefficients, the electron drift velocity, W, and the longitudinal diffusion coefficient, $D_{L}$, over the E/N range from 0.03 to 100 Td and gas pressure range from 0.133 to 122 kPa in the 0.526% and 5.05% $C_{3}F_{8}$-Ar mixtures by the double shutter drift tube with variable drift distance. And we calculated these electron transport coefficients by using multi-term approximation of Boltzmann equation analysis. We determined the electron collision cross sections set for $C_{3}F_{8}$ molecule by the comparison of measurement and calculation. Our special attention in the present study was focused upon the inelastic collision cross sections of the $C_{3}F_{8}$ molecule.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.193-198
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• 2011

As smartphone use has been steadily growing over the past year, social networking on the mobile phones appears to be increasing. In this paper, we propose a cross-platform mobile architecture for supporting social applications. The key design objectives for developing the proposed system include: 1) providing personalized data through filtering information which is supplied by various social applications, 2) providing a cross-platform architecture for adapting various smartphones such as Apple iPhone and Google android. We verified system design by implementing a smartphone application which displays the filtered pictures from social network services such as Flickr and Picasa.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.319-324
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• 2004

Cross wedge rolling process is utilized to manufacture multi-stepped axis symmetrical parts. This process is generally performed under high temperature conditions in order to induce serious deformation. But cold cross wedge rolling process has been rarely studied due to the limits of deformation. Recently, the cold cross wedge rolling process has been utilized to enhance the material strength in specified parts of manufactured products. In this paper, experimental researches were carried out with various forming conditions of cold cross wedge rolling process in order to suggest the design guidance to make preform for cold cross wedge rolling. The tensile strength and the surface hardness of specified region were compared to that of initial material with the variation of the area reduction and the rotational speed of rolling die. With respect to the area reduction, the maximum tensile strength was linearly increased and the surface hardness was rapidly increased within lower percent of area reduction. The surface hardness was saturated over the rotational die speed of 0.8 RPM.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 1994

Bioequivalence (BE) test of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) tablets was performed. Normal healthy male volunteers (n = 20) were randomly divided into 2 groups, and reference $(Nissel{\circledR})$ and test $(Livital{\circledR})$ tablets of DDB $(25mg{\times}8\;Tab.\;= \;200\;mg)$ were given orally by balanced two-period cross-over design. The serum concentration was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameters, AUC, $C_{max}$, and $T_{max}$ obtained after drug administration were statistically analyzed. Statistical evaluation of the data involved an analysis of variance (ANOVA) for cross-over design. The results were within 20% differences of mean value in AUC, $C_{max}$, and $T_{max}$ between reference and test tablets. The results of ANOVA showed no significant differences for "between group or subject" and "period". The test tablet was bioequivalent with the reference tablet in the AUC, $C_{max}$, and $T_{max}$.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 1989

Even though two different preparations are chemically equivalent, the variance of bioavailability differenciates the clinical effect of preparations, so that the preparations need to be evaluated by comparing bioavailability in vivo as well as chemical equivalence. In this study, bioequivalence tests of commercially available isoniazid tablets A, B, C and D (standard) were performed to give some guidelines to bioequivalence test. The bioavailability parameters obtained by drug administeration were statistically analyzed. Statistical evaluation of the data involved an analysis of variance for a cross over design. Cross over design was employed with 8 healthy volunteers. The results were within 20% difference of mean value in the AUC, Cmax, Tmax and amount of urinary excretion (Au) between standard and isoniazid tablets. The results of ANOVA showed no significant differences for 'group or sequence', but almost not for 'between subjects'. The tablet. A, B and D were within 20 min, but tablet C was within 50 min. Tablet A was biologically equivalent in the Au. tablet B biologically equivalent in the Au and AUC. Tablet C was biologically equivalent in the Au. The relationship between the dissolution rate and Au was significant.