• Title/Summary/Keyword: cross section

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Analysis of the Ease in Basic Bodice Pattern Using 3-D Measuring Instrument (3차원 계측장치를 이용한 길 원형의 여유량 분석)

  • Shim, Kue-Nam;Suh, Jung-Kwon;Lee, Won-Ja
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.239-245
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was for analysis of ease about basic bodice pattern, as the first step of the research process for the drawing method of basic bodice for women in their twenties. The five selected basic bodice were made and they were worn by FRP body The garment space of each bodice was measured by analysis of the garment space of each section in figure of polymerization of cross section by a 3-D measuring instrument. The research suggests that this compared analysis is an objective reference. This analysis not only of the area of cross section of garment space and ease but also of the girth of the body shape and wearing shape, using the PAD system and 3-D measuring instrument, can be helpful in making garment patterns.

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The Fall Impact test for Extraction of Optimal Stacking Section of Composite Safety Barrier for Bridge (복합소재 교량용 방호울타리의 최적 적층 단면 도출을 위한 낙하 충돌시험)

  • Hong, Kab-Eui;Jeon, Shin-Youl;Kim, Kee-Seung;Kim, Seung-Eock
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2011
  • In this study the optimal stacking section was selected by pendulum impact test for six different stacking sections of the composite safety barrier. The beam cross-section shape was determined through the poll on six different beam cross-section shapes. The six kinds of stacking design for the determined beam cross-section were suggested. CSM, DB, DBT and Roving fibers were used for stacking design. Horizontal beam and 3:1 sloped beam were modeled by using LS-DYNA. The fall impact simulation was carried out by using rectangular pendulum and cylinder pendulum. Optimal stacking section was determined by comparing and analyzing the impact simulation results.

Optimum Design of Prestressed Concrete Girder Railway Bridge II : Optimum Section with 30m Span Length Accounting for Dynamic Stability (프리스트레스트 콘크리트 거더 철도교의 최적설계 II: 동적안정성을 고려한 30m 지간의 최적단면)

  • Lee Jong-Min;Kim Su-Hyun;Jung Jae-Dong;Lee Jong-Sun;Cho Sun-Kyu
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.9 no.1 s.32
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    • pp.102-109
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    • 2006
  • The PSC girders which currently used at highway bridge have the standard cross sections about 25m, 30m and 35m span. Thus, in case of highway bridge design, the bridge designer can choose the adequate standard cross section according to constructional condition. However, in railway bridge design, there are limitations on reasonable bridge design considering circumstances of a construction site and conditions of location etc, because the PSC girders used at railway bridge have the cross section about only 25m span length. In this study, the optimum design for the PSC girder railway bridge with 30m span length has been performed. Also, in order to investigate the dynamic stability of railway bridge using the optimum section of PSC girder, dynamic analysis has been carried out. From the results of analysis, it is suggested to denote the optimum section which satisfied the structural safety, dynamic stability and economical efficiency all together.

A Numerical Study of 3-D Flows in Spiral Tubes with Square Cross-Section (Spiral Tube 내에서의 3차원 유동 해석)

  • Hur Nahmkeon;Kim Seongwon
    • Journal of computational fluids engineering
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 1999
  • Spiral tube heat exchangers can find numerous applications in many engineering fields. Flow in spiral tubes is interest to engineers due to occurrence of secondary flow which enhances the cross-sectional mixing and the heat transfer rate. In the present study, an incompressible viscous 3-D flow in spiral tubes with rectangular cross-section of various torsion rate and Reynolds number is studied by using a finite volume method. It is shown that the axial velocity profile is affected by the secondary flow motion. Because there is some difference from correlation proposed by Hur et al., a lot of analysis and arrangement of experimental results are needed. This study showed the results of variation of hydrodynamic entry length for torsion and Re numbers.

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A Study on the Thermoacoustic Oscillation of an Air Column with Variable Cross Section Area (단면 변화가 있는 기주의 열음향진동에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Young Pil;Hong, Ha Pyo
    • The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.131-139
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    • 1988
  • The thermoacoustic oscillation induced in an air column with variable cross section area is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The onset condition of the oscillation is derived by equating the acoustic power production to the power dissipation. The power production at the heater is predicted by using the efficiency factor obtained by heat transfer analysis for a single wire in a uniform cross flow and considering the interference between heater wires. The power dissipation is estimated by measuring the attenuating coefficient from the pressure decay curve. The theoretical prediction to the onset condition of the oscillation is confirmed experimentally. The effect of the variation of the column cross section area on the onset condition is presented.

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Study on the curving phenomenon of sylinderical product in extrusion process (원형제품의 압출가공시 제품의 굽힘현상에 관한 연구)

  • 최재찬;진인태
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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    • 1995.10a
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    • pp.136-142
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    • 1995
  • The kinematically admissible velocity field is developed for the analysis of extruded products. The curving of product in extrusion is caused by the linearly distributed longitudinal velocity on the cross-section of the workpiece at the die exit. In the analysis, the longitudinal velocity in extrusion direction is divided into the uniform velocity and the deviated velocity. In order to satify the requirement of the kinematically admissible velocity field, the average value of the deviated velocity should be zero. At the same time, it should Iinearly change with the destance from the center of gravity of the cross-section of the workpiece. The results of the analysis show that the curvature of product incresses with increses in eccentricity of gravity center of the cross-section of workpiece at die entrance from that of the cross-sectio at the die exit.

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The torsional stiffness of bars with L, [, +, I, and □ cross-section

  • Gorzelanczyk, Piotr;Tylicki, Henryk;Kolodziej, Jan A.
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.441-456
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    • 2007
  • In literature for thin-walled sections with L, [, +, I, and ${\Box}$- shapes the approximate torsion equations for stiffness are used which were proposed by Bach (Hsu 1984), p.30. New formulae for torsional stiffness of bars with L, [, +, I, and ${\Box}$ cross section valid not only for thin-walled sections are presented in this paper. These formulae are obtained by appropriate polynomial approximation of stiffness results obtained by means of method of fundamental solutions. On the base of obtained results the validity of Bach's formulae are verified when cross section is not thin-walled.

Feature Template-Based Sweeping Shape Reverse Engineering Algorithm using a 3D Point Cloud

  • Kang, Tae Wook;Kim, Ji Eun;Hong, Chang Hee;Hwa, Cho Gun
    • International conference on construction engineering and project management
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    • 2015.10a
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    • pp.680-681
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    • 2015
  • This study develops an algorithm that automatically performs reverse engineering on three-dimensional (3D) sweeping shapes using a user's pre-defined feature templates and 3D point cloud data (PCD) of sweeping shapes. Existing methods extract 3D sweeping shapes by extracting points on a PCD cross section together with the center point in order to perform curve fitting and connect the center points. However, a drawback of existing methods is the difficulty of creating a 3D sweeping shape in which the user's preferred feature center points and parameters are applied. This study extracts shape features from cross-sectional points extracted automatically from the PCD and compared with pre-defined feature templates for similarities, thereby acquiring the most similar template cross-section. Fitting the most similar template cross-section to sweeping shape modeling makes the reverse engineering process automatic.

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Experimental Study on GFRP Reinforcing Bars with Hollow Section (중공형 GFRP 보강근의 인장성능 실험연구)

  • You, Young-Jun;Park, Ki-Tae;Seo, Dong-Woo;Hwang, Ji-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2015
  • Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) has been generally accepted by civil engineers as an alternative for steel reinforcing bars (rebar) due to its advantageous specific tensile strength and non-corrosiveness. Even though some glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars are available on a market, GFRP is still somewhat uncompetitive over steel rebar due to their high cost and relatively low elastic modulus, and brittle failure characteristic. If the price of component materials of GFRP rebar is not reduced, it would be another solution to increase the performance of each material to the highest degree. The tensile strength generally decreases with increasing diameter of FRP rebar. One of the reasons is that only fibers except for fibers in center resist the external force due to the lack of force transfer and the deformation of only outer fibers by gripping system. Eliminating fibers in the center, which do not play an aimed role fully, are helpful to reduce the price and finally FRP rebar would be optimized over the price. In this study, the effect of the hollow section in a cross-section of a GFRP rebar was investigated. A GFRP rebar with 19 mm diameter was selected and an analysis was performed for the tensile test results. Parameter was the ratio of hollow section over solid cross-section. Four kinds of hollow sections were planned. A total of 27 specimens, six specimens for each hollow section and three specimens with a solid cross-section were manufactured and tested. The change by the ratio of hollow section over solid cross-section was analyzed and an optimized cross-section design was proposed.