• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.204-217
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• 2020

In nature, plants are always under the threat of pests and diseases. Pathogenic bacteria are one of the major pathogen types to cause diseases in diverse plants, resulting in negative effects on plant growth and crop yield. Chemical bactericides and antibiotics have been used as major approaches for controlling bacterial plant diseases in the field or greenhouse. However, the appearance of resistant bacteria to common antibiotics and bactericides as well as their potential negative effects on environment and human health demands bacteriologists to develop alternative control agents. Bacteriophages, the viruses that can infect and kill only target bacteria very specifically, have been demonstrated as potential agents, which may have no negative effects on environment and human health. Many bacteriophages have been isolated against diverse plant-pathogenic bacteria, and many studies have shown to efficiently manage the disease development in both controlled and open conditions such as greenhouse and field. Moreover, the specificity of bacteriophages to certain bacterial species has been applied to develop detection tools for the diagnosis of plant-pathogenic bacteria. In this paper, we summarize the promising results from greenhouse or field experiments with bacteriophages to manage diseases caused by plant-pathogenic bacteria. In addition, we summarize the usage of bacteriophages for the specific detection of plant-pathogenic bacteria.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2000

In nature, plant diseases, insects and parasites (hereafter called as "pest") must be co-survived. The most common expression of co-survival of a host crop to the pest can be tolerance. With tolerance, chemical uses can be minimized and it protects environment and sustains host productivity and the minimum pest survival. Tolerance can be applicable in all living organisms including crop plants, lifestocks and even human beings. Tolerant system controls pest about 90 to 95% (this pest control system often be called as horizontal or partial resistance), while the use of chemicals or selection of high resistance controls pest 100% (the most expression of this control system is vertical resistance or true resistance). Controlling or eliminating the pests by either chemicals or vertical resistance create new problems in nature and destroy the co-survial balance of pest and host. Controlling pests through tolerance can only permit co-survive of pests and hosts. Tolerance is durable and environmentally-friend. Crop cultivars based on tolerance system are different from those developed by genetically modified organism (GMO) system. The former stabilizes genetic balance of a pest and a host crop in nature while the latter destabilizes the genetic balance due to 100% control. For three decades, the author has implemented the tolerance system in breeding maize cultivars against various pests in both tropical and temperate environments. Parasitic weed Striga species known as the greatest biological problem in agriculture has even been controlled through this system. The final effect of the tolerance can be an integrated genetic pest management (IGPM) without any chemical uses and it makes co-survival of pests in nature.in nature.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.174-179
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• 2006

Chinese cabbage, Braccica campestris has long been consumed as a staple food for Koreans in various forms of fresh, salted, and fermented Kimchi. Cultivation of the crop under greenhouse has become a general practices to fulfill its off-seasonal consumer's demand. However, agricultural practices of the crop have always accompanied with heavy applications of pesticides caused by severe outbreaks of diseases and pose under warm and humid circumferences. Since dissipation patterns of pesticide residues in/on the crop under greenhouse conditions ate quite different from those in the open-air, changes of diazinon, O,O-diethyl O-2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl phosphornthioate, in/on the Chinese cabbage applied by foliar spraying under greenhouse were studied. Diazinon 34% EC was applied with dilution of recommended and double dose to the crop. The shoots of crop were harvested immediately after this application and at regular intervals over a 10-day. After sample preparations, the diazinon residue was analyzed using gas chromatography equipped with electron capture detector (GC/ECD). Initially deposited amount of the chemical in/on the crop right after applications with recommended and double doses were 8.3 and 15.2 mg/kg, respectively. The residue levels after 10 days of application were 0.03 and 0.09 mg/kg with 1.3 and 1.5 days of half-life in/on the crop, respectively. In consequent 10 days of pre-harvest interval (PHI) for diazinon EC formulation in/on Chinese cabbage under greenhouse condition was fulfill maximum residue level set by Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA, 0.1 mg/kg).

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.80-80
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• 2019

Potatoes were first introduced outside the Andes region four centuries ago, and have become an integral part of much of the world's food. Potatoes were first introduced into Europe in the 16th century and Korea in the early 19th century. It is the world's fourth-largest crop, following rice, wheat, and maize. In the nutritional aspects, potatoes contain abundant vitamins and minerals, as well as an assortment of phytochemicals such as carotenoids and natural phenols. Chlorogenic acid constitutes up to 90% of potato natural phenols. Due to the high content of potato functional compounds, it has known that potatoes are effective in the prevention of various human diseases. Recently, potato 'Seohong' was developed by RDA, and it has reported that they have a high-yield and dry matter content. Processing industry of potato generates high amounts of peel as a byproduct. It was reported as a good source of several beneficial functional ingredients including antioxidant effect. This study was conducted to enhance the utilization of the peel of Potato 'Seohong'. The anti-inflammatory effects on solvent fraction was evaluated. The anti-inflammatory activities of Ethylacetate fraction was evaluated for inhibitory activities against lipopolysacchride (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cell lines. The fraction inhibitory activity for tests with $IC_{50}$ values showed in the ranges of $50{\mu}g/ml$. This result revealed that n-butanol fraction of 'Seohong's peel is expected to be good candidate for development into source of anti-inflammatory agent.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.236-240
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• 1996

1. 작약(芍藥)의 지상부(地上部)에 기생(寄生)하는 주요 병원균(病原菌)은 점무늬병균 등 7종(種)이었으며 점 무늬병은 잎, 검은무늬병은 줄기, 흰가루병은 잎과 줄기 등 지상부 전체에 발생이 심하였다. 2. 작약(芍藥)에는 점무늬병과 흰가루병이 우점종(優占種)이었고, 각각 4월 하순, 5월 중순부터 발생되기 시작하여 5월 하순 이후는 급격히 증가하였으며 의성작약(義城芍藥)이 영천종(永川種)보다 발병율이 높았다. 3. 시기별(時期別) 작약(芍藥) 지상부(地上部) 고사율(枯死率)은 95년의 경우 5월 하순부터 고사(枯死)하기 시작하여 6월 하순에 15.3%로 그 이후부터는 급격히 증가하여 8월 상순에는 50.6%가 고사(枯死)하였으며 5, 6월의 조기고사(早期枯死)는 주로 흰가루병 때문이었다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.263-266
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• 2011

Crop protection strategies in organic horticulture aim to prevent insect pest and plant disease problems through utilization of non-chemical based control means. In order to develop a model for management of plant diseases and insects in organic cucumber cultivation, we compared efficacies between chemical pesticide spraying system and biological control means in semi-forcing and retarding cucumber cultivation during 2005 and 2006. Conventional chemical spray program using various chemical pesticides was applied 5 - 10 days intervals, while two different non-chemical pesticide application programs using two formulated biopesticides Topseed$^{TM}$ and Q-fect$^{TM}$, Suncho$^{TM}$, and Sangsungje$^{TM}$ (biocontrol agents 1) and using egg-yolk and cooking oil(EYCO), Bordeaux mixture, Suncho$^{TM}$, and Sangsungje$^{TM}$ (biocontrol agents 2) were applied 5 - 7 days intervals during entire cucumber cultivation period. Efficacy of both biocontrol agents programs was effective to comparable to conventional chemical pesitice spray program to control plant diseases such as powdery mildew and downy mildew as well as insect pests such as aphids and thrips which are known as major threats in cucumber organic cultivation. In this study, we established and evaluated an effective and economic crop protection strategy using various biological resources can be used to control plant diseases and pests simultaneously in organic cucumber cultivation field.

• 식물병연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2024

한국식물병리학회는 2009년부터 식물병명심의위원회를 구성하여 체계적으로 식물병명과 관련 용어를 검토하고 결정해 왔다. 위원회는 2022년에 한국식물병명목록 6판을 출판했으며, 이 목록은 온라인으로도 공개되었다. 온라인 데이터베이스의 운영을 통해 사용자의 접근성, 업데이트 속도, 다른 데이터베이스와의 연계성이 향상되었다. 이러한 장점을 바탕으로 2023년에는 1년만에 추가된 신규 병명과 기존 병명에 대한 수정 사항을 반영한 목록 6.1판을 보고하였다. 2024년에도 같은 방식으로 정리하여 목록 6.2판을 보고하게 되었다. 목록 6.2판에는 최종적으로 1,432종의 기주에 대해 2,503개 분류군의 병원체가 일으키는 6,765가지 병이 수록되었다. 목록 6.2판은 PDF 본으로 2024년에 발간될 예정이다. 한편, 온라인 데이터베이스의 공개 이후 해결해야 할 몇 가지 도전과 과제가 생겨났다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 현대적이고 표준화된 병명 작명 규칙과 신규 병명 등재 체계 등을 고안할 필요가 있다. 앞으로 더 신뢰할 수 있는 목록을 만들기 위해서 식물병리학회 다양한 구성원들의 열린 소통과 협력이 요구된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.220-227
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• 2007

Sweetpotato fields in Korea are highly infected with virus and virus like diseases that greatly diminish both yield and quality as indicated by field observations and laboratory tests. In order to solve this problem, there is an urgent need to produce and mass propagate virus-free planting materials for distribution to the farmers. These experiments were conducted, firstly, to determine the most appropriate culture media, nutrient solution, and cutting intervals to maintain growth and vigor of tissue cultured plantleta as mother plants for propagation in insect-proof greenhouse. And as a labor saving method, the production efficiency of plug trays for rapid propagation of stem cuttings as a source of planting materials was likewise evaluated. Results showed that plants grown in medium B supplied with 0.5 and 1.0 strength of MS nutrients had high growth rate, and 20-day cutting interval was the best. 72-plug tray was better than 128-plug. Secondly, it was to develop a technique for the production of first-generation seed roots using hydroponics cultivation system. The yield of virus-free plants propagated in the non-insect proof and open-field cultivation was 2,402 kg/10a, 6% higher than those in the insect-proof cultivation, and the rate of virus re-infection was 18% higher compared to 3.3% with insect-proof cultivation. Lastly, it was to investigate the growth performance of virus free plants in farmers' field. Differences were existed in the yield depending on the variety used, but virus free plants showed an increase of $6{\sim}24%$ over virus infected plants.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.125-125
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• 2017

The roots of Platycodon grandiflorum are commonly used for treating bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis, diabetes, and other inflammatory diseases. Since the molecular mechanism underlying the roots of the plant is unclear. Therefore, the present study was conducted to profile proteins from liquid cultured tetraploid roots of Platycodon grandi orum fl using high throughput proteome approach. Two-dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 659 differentially expressed proteins were identified from the liquid medium cultured tetraploid roots of which 32 proteins spots (${\geq}1.5-fold$) were sorted for mass spectrometry analysis. Out of these 32 proteins, a total of 15 proteins were up-regulated such as Serine carboxypeptidase-like 27, Transcription factor bHLH150, 60 kDa jasmonate-induced protein, Cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly factor NBP35, Regulatory associated protein of TOR 2 and a total of 17 proteins were down-regulated such as Protein G1-like2, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, Fructokinase-2, Trihelix transcription factor GT-3a, Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-1 subunit. However, the frequency distribution of identified proteins was carried out within functional categories based on molecular functions, cellular components, and biological processes. Functional categorization revealed that the most of the identified proteins from the explants were mainly associated with the nucleic acid binding, oxidoreductase, transferase activity, protein binding and hydrolase activity. In addition, the proteomic feedback of tetraploid roots of P. grandiflorum may potentially be used to understand the characteristics of proteins and their functions.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.257-265
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• 1996

본 시험은 풋콩 채종기술의 기초자료를 얻고자 미카와시마, 화엄풋콩 및 석량풋콩의 3품종을 1992년 고냉지인 강원도 평창지역에서 생산된 종자와 일본 북해도에서 생산되어 1993년 춘계에 도입된 종자를, 1993년 4월 20일 수원 작물시험장에 채종하여 생육, 병해 및 수량들을 비교 검토한 바 그 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 포장 출현율은 품종간에 차이가 있었고, 채종지간에는 국내고냉지 평창산 종자가 일본산 종자들보다 7% 정도 높았다. 2. 콩 생육경과중에 발생한 미이라병균에 의한 꼬투리 감염, 탄저병, 모자이크바이러스 및 노균병은 채종지간에 차이가 없었다. 3. 채종지간에 풋콩의 생육, 수량구성요소 및 수량성 차이가 없었다. 4. 이상의 결과로서 국내 고냉지에서 풋콩종자를 생산하면 일본산 도입종자에 비하여 출현율이 높고 생육과 수량면에서 저하되지 않는 양질종자의 생산이 가능하다.