• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Phosphorylation is a major post-translational modification of proteins that regulate diverse signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. 14-3-3 proteins are regulatory proteins that bind to target proteins in a phosphorylation-dependent manner and have been shown to play an important role in plant growth and development, primary metabolism, and signal transduction. Because phosphorylation plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways to trigger plant immunity, involvement of 14-3-3 proteins in plant immunity has been suggested for a long time. Recent studies have provided new evidence to support a role for 14-3-3 proteins in plant immunity. This review will briefly discuss general characteristics of 14-3-3 proteins and their involvement in plant immunity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.128-133
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• 2002

The main obstacle to high track density in HDD is the structural resonances of the suspension. The most critical mode is sway mode and second torsion mode, when a data is read and written. It is common fact that the effect of two modes is smaller when a thickness is bulky. But the stiffness of suspension is smaller, the slider can follow a disk better. Because these two fact are reciprocal, a compromise is needed. So we investigated another method to improve band width without changing of the thickness of suspension but with changing of the shape. In this paper, we use two method - Sensitivity analysis and SIP using ADS. And we obtained the optimized value close to target value.

• CELLMED
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.24.1-24.4
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• 2016

The emergence of influenza virus and antigenic drift are potential cause of world-wide pandemic. There are some commercially available drugs in the market to treat influenza. During past decade, however, critical resistances have been raised for biological targets. Because of structural complexity and flexibility of target proteins, applying a computational modeling tool is very beneficial for developing alternative anti-influenza drugs. In this review, we introduced molecular dynamics (MD) simulations approach to reflect full conformational flexibility of proteins during molecular modeling works. Case studies of MD works were summarized for the drug discovery and drug resistance mechanism of anti-influenza pharmaceuticals.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.79-90
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• 2012

Focusing on the rapid market penetration of smart phones, the importance of LBS (Location Based Service) is drastically increased. However, traditional GPS method has critical weakness caused by limited availability, such as indoor environment. WPS is newly attractive method as a widely applicable positioning method. In WPS, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) data of all Wi-Fi APs (Access Point) are measured and stored into a huge database. The stored RSSI data in database make single radio fingerprint map. By the radio fingerprint map, we can estimate the actual position of target point. The essential factor of radio fingerprint database is data integrity of RSSI. Because of millions of APs in urban area, RSSI measurement data are seriously contaminated. Therefore, we present the unified filtering method for RSSI measurement data. As the results of filtering, we can show the effectiveness of suggested method in practical positioning system of mobile operator.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.359-363
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• 2008

In recent warfare, importance of counter-fire is increased. New weapon system and counter-fire have critical impact on defeating of the enemy. At an initial battle counter-fire, we need to study about striking plan against the enemy mine artillery. In this paper, we studied, using MANA(agent based model), how much cannon's hit probability and UAV-based target acquisition have influence on striking the mine artillery. We constructed MANA model based on the characteristics of a regional database of Korean peninsula. If we develop detail database of the ROK Army, the proposed MANA model can be used as a war-game model for the regimental level of the Army.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.245-248
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• 1996

This paper suggests a new concept for missile guidance control, called linearized common curvature guidance law that enhances the probability to kill a target. The proposed guidance system is composed of two switching modes; one for the midcourse guidance and the other for the terminal guidance, which is switched by a specified critical value (.epsilon.). And the system and the commands are formulated and its simulations are provided in comparison with the conventional commanded line of sight guidance algorithm. Miss distance and angle of attack are denoted as performance of parameters. This new concept, common curvature guidance algorithm, revises the navigation guidance and accompanies, various considerations.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06b
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• pp.321-324
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• 2002

Nowadays variable delay arithmetic units have been used for implementing a datapath of\ulcorner target system in pursuit of performance improvement. However. adoption of variable delay arithmetic units requires modification of a typical synchronous control units design methodology. There is a representative approach, which is called a monolithic approach. Although its results are good, its proposed methodology may cause critical problems in the aspects of area and performance with the size increase of initial system specifications. In order to solve this problems, a distributed approach is suggested. Experimental results show that the Proposed method can guarantee original performance of an initial system specification with minimized additional area increase.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.56.3-56.3
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• 2017

The Breakthrough Starshot initiative aims to launch gram-scale spacecraft to a speed of v~0.2c, capable of reaching Alpha Centauri and seeing the Earth-like exoplanet, Proxima b, from close distance, in about 20 years. However, a critical challenge for the initiative is the effects of interstellar matter and magnetic field to the relativistic spacecraft during the journey. In this talk, I will first present our evaluation for the damage to the spacecraft by interstellar gas and dust based on a detailed analysis of the interaction of a relativistic spacecraft with the ISM. Second, I will discuss the deflection and oscillation of spacecraft by interstellar magnetic fields. Third, I will discuss the gas drag fore at high energy regime and quantify its effect on the slowing down of the relativistic lightsails. Finally, we will discuss practical strategies to mitigate the damage by interstellar dust and to maintain the spacecraft aiming at the intended target.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.700-706
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• 2012

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic as well as being a major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and several types of cancers. Obesity is mainly due to the overgrowth of adipose tissue arising from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Adipose tissue, primarily composed of adipocytes, plays a key role in maintaining whole body energy homeostasis. In view of the treatment of obesity and obesity-related diseases, it is critical to understand the detailed signal transduction mechanisms of adipogenic differentiation. Adipogenic differentiation is tightly regulated by many key signal cascades, including insulin signaling. These signal cascades generally transfer or amplify the signal by using serial tyrosine phosphorylations. Thus, protein tyrosine kinases and protein tyrosine phosphatases are closely related to adipogenic differentiation. Compared to protein tyrosine kinases, protein tyrosine phosphatases have received little attention in adipogenic differentiation. This review aims to highlight the involvement of protein tyrosine phosphatases in adipogenic differentiation and the possibility of protein tyrosine phosphatases as drugs to target obesity.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.643-658
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• 2014

This paper presents the design, modelling and, simulation and experimental results of a shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator based critical motion control application. Dynamic performance of SMA and its ability in replacing servo motor is studied for which the famous open loop unstable balancing ball and beam system direct driven by antagonistic SMA is designed and developed. Simulation uses the mathematical model of ball and beam structure derived from the first principles and model estimated for the SMA actuator by system identification. A PID based cascade control system consisting of two loops is designed and control of ball trajectory for various target positions with settling time as control parameter is verified experimentally. The results demonstrate the performance of SMA for a complicated i.e., under actuated, highly nonlinear unstable system, and thereby it's dynamic behaviour. Control strategies bring out the effectiveness of the actuator and its possible application to much more complex applications such as in aerospace control and robotics.