• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.722-730
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• 2008

This paper proposes two novel algorithms enabling mobile robots to cooperate with each other in a reliability-based system and a time-critical system. In the reliability-based cooperative system, the concepts of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) and an object entropy are adopted in order to coordinate a specific task. A logical robot group is created based on the exchange of request and reply messages in a robot communication group whose organization depends on transmission range. In the time-critical cooperative system, relational entropy is used to define the relationship between mobile robots. A group leader is selected based on optimizing power consumption. The proposed algorithm has been verified based on the computer-based simulation and soccer robot experiment. The performance metrics are defined. The metrics include the number of messages needed to make a logical robot group and to obtain the relationship of robots and the power consumption to select a group leader. They are verified by simulation and experiment.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.343-352
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• 2008

Safety-critical systems related to the railway communications are currently undergoing changes. Mechanical and electro-mechanical devices are being replaced by programmable electronics that are often controlled remotely via communication networks. Therefore designers and operators now not only have to contend with component failures and user errors, but also with the possibility that malicious entities are seeking to disrupt the services provided by theirs systems. Recognizing the safety-critical nature of the types of communications required in rail control operations, the communications infrastructure will be required to meet a number of safety requirements such as system faults, user errors and the robustness in the presence of malicious attackers who are willing to take determined action to interfere in the correct operation of a system. This paper discusses the safety strategies employed in the railway communications and proposes a security mechanism for Korean railway communication system. We present the developed communication safety evaluation tool based on the proposed security mechanism and also evaluate its protecting capability against the threats of masquerading, eavesdropping, and unauthorized message manipulation.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.66
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• pp.113-145
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• 2021

As a contemporary exponent of Bauderillard's Simulation and Simulacra, this paper aims to reflect on the 'consumer culture' criticized by Baudrillard from the lens of Christian Education in reading the Drama, Penthouse related to the notions of the consumption-ideology, the desire and violence of image in the post-Covid 19 era. As Baudrillard begins to realize that the concept of simulation rooted from mass media in the modern society, he explains mass media as the emerging of Simulation or the process of Simulation will lead to the impulsion of reality, which ends up with vanishing the original reality. Baudrillard is explaining in his argument that the process of Simulation proceeds among various areas of the contemporary society being manipulated by mass media. While Simulation is the process of producing the hyperreality characterized by the excess of images that seems more real than the original reality, Simulation brought about Simulacra as excess reality or consequently exploding reality. Christian educators in the post-Covid 19 must know how to deal with critical theory by considering positive ways of avoiding questioning of how to articulate what the norm of universal consensus is in the specific situation. In other words, it should be noted that the nature of the ruling ideology and the ideology of consumption has been influenced or manipulated by mass media. Christian educators especially have to help young people in seeing the messages from the images of the screens, television, soap-opera, and commercial advertising making reality as Simulacre which is more real than the original reality. When the medium becomes the message, the power of medium makes the consumer not reach communication with it. This is the main reason in the controversy about the images on television drama, Penthouse and the impact of images on people's mind. As an exponent of McLuhan's belief that "the medium is the message", Baudrillard argues although the message and a subject of Simulacra(excessive reality) is unexpectedly disappearing, the medium itself is vanished through the silence of image. However, the task of Christian education has to fuel how we teach, learn, share and pass on the Word of God as the Message. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the Message of God cannot be vanished or burst with the impulsion of it, but exists forever. With Baudrillard's ideas of Simulation and Simulacra in mind, the work of Christian education as an observation platform can better engage the reflection on a consumer society of consumerism that makes Church community and a consumer irresistible against the Fake world.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.11-23
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a communication middleware for development of HACCP(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) automation system, which is composed of lightweight devices and a server, to support effective HACCP data management. To provide the proper HACCP data to lightweight devices, we design the communication message protocol based on HACCP management regulation model. Moreover, we develop the communication middleware that performs various functions, such as processing of communication protocols for HACCP data, analyzing of messages between devices and a server, and providing database managements tools. In addition, it takes a role to guarantee sharing consistent data among the devices and server, through the active updates for information on devices. Actually, the proposed communication middleware can be a part of critical system to develop a HACCP automation system with lightweight devices, because it implements the HACCP communication protocols making lightweight devices execute every HACCP task.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-26
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• 1994

Simulated annealing is an attractive, but expensive, heuristic method for approximating the solution to combinatorial optimization problems. Attempts to parallel simulated annealing, particularly on distributed memory multicomputers, are hampered by the algorithm's requirement of a globally consistent system state. In a multicomputer, maintaining the global state S involves explicit message traffic and is a critical performance bottleneck. To mitigate this bottleneck, it becomes necessary to amortize the overhead of these state updates over as many parallel state changes as possible. By using this technique, errors in the actual cost C(S) of a particular state S will be introduced into the annealing process. This paper places analytically derived bounds on this error in order to assure convergence to the correct optimal result. The resulting parallel simulated annealing algorithm dynamically changes the frequency of global updates as a function of the annealing control parameter, i.e. temperature. Implementation results on an Intel iPSC/2 are reported.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.350-353
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• 2004

The increasing use of Ethernet-TCP/IP network in industry has led to the growing interest in its reliability in real-time applications such as automated manufacturing systems and process control systems. However, stochastic behavior of its medium access scheme makes it inadequate for time-critical applications. In order to guarantee hard real-time communication service in Ethernet-TCP/IP network, we proposed an algorithm running over TCP/IP protocol stack without modification of protocols. In this paper, we consider communication services guaranteeing deadlines of periodic real-time messages over MAC protocols that have unbounded medium access time. We propose a centralized token scheduling scheme for multiple access networks. The token is used to allow a station to transmit its message during the time amount that is appended to the token. The real-time performance of the proposed algorithm has been described.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.287-308
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to review the trend and roadmap of standardization for e-Trade. As a survival strategy in this rapidly changing global competition environment, domestic and global e-Trade network should be harmonized and interconnected, which requires multilateral or regional cooperation to set relevant inter-operable infrastructure. For this, standardization for e-Trade message and communication is critical success factor. Korea has been an early adopter of international e-Trade standards like UN/EDIFACT and ebXML. Based on the overall knowledge and experiences of e-Trade projects, Korea can take initiatives in the creation of global e-Trade through the harmonization and interconnection of other countries.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2006

Load sharing is a critical resource in computer system. In sender-initiated load sharing algorithms, the sender continues to send unnecessary request messages for load transfer until a receiver is found while the system load is heavy. Meanwhile, in the receiver initiated load sharing algorithms, the receiver continues to send an unnecessary request message for load acquisition until a sender is found while the system load is light. These unnecessary request messages result in inefficient communications, low CPU utilization, and low system throughput in distributed systems. To solve these problems, we propose a genetic algorithm based approach for improved sender-initiated and receiver-initiated load sharing in distributed systems. And we expand this algorithm to an adaptive load sharing algorithm. Compared with the conventional sender-initiated and receiver-initiated algorithms, the proposed algorithm decreases the response time and task processing time.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.347-351
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• 2014

Inflammation is one mechanism through which cancer is initiated and progresses, and is implicated in the etiology of other conditions that affect cancer risk and prognosis, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and visceral obesity. Emerging human evidence, primarily epidemiological, suggests that walnuts impact risk of these chronic diseases via inflammation. The published literature documents associations between walnut consumption and reduced risk of cancer, and mortality from cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, particularly within the context of the Mediterranean Diet. While encouraging, follow-up in human intervention trials is needed to better elucidate any potential cancer prevention effect of walnuts, per se. In humans, the far-reaching positive effects of a plant-based diet that includes walnuts may be the most critical message for the public. Indeed, appropriate translation of nutrition research is essential for facilitating healthful consumer dietary behavior. This paper will explore the translation and application of human evidence regarding connections with cancer and biomarkers of inflammation to the development of dietary guidance for the public and individualized dietary advice. Strategies for encouraging dietary patterns that may reduce cancer risk will be explored.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.3-17
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• 1986

Computer system messages play a critical role for users in understanding the system. Messages that are inaccurate or difficult to understand make it more difficult for users to correct errors and increase the chances of further errors. It is an important part of the human interface. In this paper, the generation of Korean and Japanese computer system messages at various levels of politeness is presented as an example of improvement for the man-machine interface.