• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.456-477
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• 2024

With information technology's rapid development, the Internet faces serious security problems. Studies have shown that malware has become a primary means of attacking the Internet. Therefore, adversarial samples have become a vital breakthrough point for studying malware. By studying adversarial samples, we can gain insights into the behavior and characteristics of malware, evaluate the performance of existing detectors in the face of deceptive samples, and help to discover vulnerabilities and improve detection methods for better performance. However, existing adversarial sample generation methods still need help regarding escape effectiveness and mobility. For instance, researchers have attempted to incorporate perturbation methods like Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM), Projected Gradient Descent (PGD), and others into adversarial samples to obfuscate detectors. However, these methods are only effective in specific environments and yield limited evasion effectiveness. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a malware adversarial sample generation method (PixGAN) based on the pixel attention mechanism, which aims to improve adversarial samples' escape effect and mobility. The method transforms malware into grey-scale images and introduces the pixel attention mechanism in the Deep Convolution Generative Adversarial Networks (DCGAN) model to weigh the critical pixels in the grey-scale map, which improves the modeling ability of the generator and discriminator, thus enhancing the escape effect and mobility of the adversarial samples. The escape rate (ASR) is used as an evaluation index of the quality of the adversarial samples. The experimental results show that the adversarial samples generated by PixGAN achieve escape rates of 97%, 94%, 35%, 39%, and 43% on the Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Convolutional Neural Network and Recurrent Neural Network (CNN_RNN), and Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short Term Memory (CNN_LSTM) algorithmic detectors, respectively.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2023

Purpose: Typhoid remains a major health problem, especially in the developing world. Furthermore, the emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Salmonella typhi added a sense of urgency to develop more effective typhoid vaccines, one of which is bacterial ghosts (BGs), prepared by both genetic and chemical means. The chemical method includes incubation with numerous agents for a short time at their minimum inhibitory or minimum growth concentrations. This study included the preparation of BGs by a sponge-like reduced protocol (SLRP). Materials and Methods: Critical concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate, NaOH, and H₂O₂ were used. Moreover, high-quality BGs were visualized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Subculturing was used to confirm the absence of vital cells. Besides, the concentrations of the released DNA and protein were estimated spectrophotometrically. In addition, the integrity of cells was proved by visualizing Gram-stained cells using a light microscope. Furthermore, a comparison between the immunogenicity and safety of the prepared vaccine and the available whole-cell killed vaccine was established. Results: Improved preparation of high-quality BGs of S. typhi, visualized by SEM, revealed punctured cells with intact outer shells. Moreover, the absence of vital cells was confirmed by subculturing. At the same time, the release of respective amounts of proteins and DNA is another evidence of BGs' production. Additionally, the challenge test provided evidence that the prepared BGs are immunogenic and have the same efficacy as the whole cell vaccine. Conclusion: The SLRP provided a simple, economical, and feasible method for BGs preparation.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2006

곡선거더교의 설계에서 I형 병렬, 1박스, 2박스의 거더 형태의 교량은 휨과 비틀림을 동시에 발생함으로 그 응력은 매우 복잡하다. 일반적으로 비틀림은 순수 비틀림과 휨 비틀림으로 구성되어 있으므로 곡선거더교의 발생되는 응력들을 결정하는 절차는 매우 어렵다. 전달행렬법은 이론적인 배경과 적용이 매우 쉬운 장점 때문에 구조해석 분야에서 많이 사용되고 있으며, 유한차분법과 비교하여 신뢰성을 검증하여 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 I형 병렬 곡선교, 1박스거더 곡선교, 2박스 거더 곡선교에 대한 비틀림 정수비와 비틀림 의한 비틀림 응력비 사이 관계를 비교 검토하여 휨 비틀림에 의한 응력해석을 생략할 수 있는 비틀림 정수비의 한계 값을 분석하였다.

• 철학연구
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• 제145권
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• pp.91-117
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• 2018

이 논문의 목적은 "주역"과 인공지능 사이에 존재하는 유사성과 차이점을 밝히려는데 있다. "주역"의 점술은 인류의 가장 오래된 지식체계 가운데 하나이며, 인공지능은 인류가 만들어낸 과학의 발명 가운데서도 최전선에 서 있는 지식체계이다. 양자 사이에는 아무런 연관성이 없는 것처럼 보이지만, 빅 히스토리(Big History)의 관점에서 본다면 "주역"과 인공지능은 기호학적 관점에서 볼 때 다음과 같은 공통점을 지닌다. 첫째, 인공지능과 "주역"은 인공언어를 사용하는 기호 체계에 의지한다. 둘째, 점술과 인공지능을 가능하게 하는 원리는 모방과 재현에 있다. 셋째, 인공지능과 "주역"은 모두 추리 과정을 수행하기 위하여 알고리즘(algorithm)에 의지하며, 그 알고리즘은 이진법(二進法)을 기본적 수단으로 삼는다. 넷째, "주역"과 인공지능은 지식을 획득하기 위한 수단으로 유비(類比)의 방법에 의존한다. 물론 이러한 몇 가지 유사성이 있다고 해서 "주역"이 과학이 될 수 있는 것은 아니다. 그럼에도 불구하고 전혀 거리가 먼 것 같은 두 지식체계 사이에 이러한 공통점이 있다는 것을 발견함으로써 문명의 본질에 관해 중요한 통찰을 얻을 수 있다. "주역"과 인공지능은 미지(未知)의 세계에 대한 새로운 지식을 얻기 위하여 지능을 사용한다. 그러나 우리는 "주역"의 점술의 과정에 개입하는 지능이 어떤 종류의 지능인지 정확하게 알지 못한다. 마찬가지로 인공지능의 성격에 대해서도 아직 잘 알지 못하고 있다. 미지의 주체에 의해 운용되는 지능은 우리에게 신비롭고도 두려운 존재이다. "주역"의 점술이 우리에게 점단(占斷)을 행하는 초월적 주체가 무엇인지에 관해 경외하는 마음을 품게 하였듯이, 기계속에 보이지 않는 인공지능의 주체도 우리를 두렵게 한다. 뿐만 아니라 인공지능의 등장은 의식있는 존재만이 지능을 가질 수 있다고 간주했던 전통철학의 관점에 도전을 던지고 있다. 분명한 것은 기호를 매개로 진행되어 온 문명의 발전 과정이 이제 새로운 단계로 진입하고 있다는 사실이다. 인공지능이 인간의 지능을 능가하는 시점을 특이점(singularity)이라고 하는데, 필자는 이 용어를 구문명(舊文明)과 신문명(新文明)의 경계를 가리키는 임계점(臨界點)이라는 의미로 사용하였다. 소옹(邵雍)의 용어를 빌려서 표현한다면 구문명은 선천(先天)이고, 신문명은 후천(後天)이다. 임계점을 지나면 질적 변화가 일어나 새로운 단계로 진입하며 더 이상 과거로 회귀하지 않는다. 현대 문명은 특이점을 통과했다는 징후를 여러 측면에서 보이고 있다. 후천개벽은 조선 후기의 종교 사상가들에게는 예언이었지만 어느덧 소리 없이 현실로 다가와 이미 우리 곁에 있다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.83-102
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• 1995

As the society is being industrialized, the fast-paced economic development that has caused substantial increase in cerebrovascular and coronary artery diseases and the industrial development and increased use of means of transportation have resulted in the rapid rise of incidents in external injuries as well. So the pubic has become acutely aware of the need for fast and effective emergency care delivery system. The goal of emergency care delivery system is to meet the emergency care needs of patients. The emergency care delivery system is seeking to efficiently satisfy the care needs of people. Therefore the purpose of this study is designed to develop an effective programs for emergency care delivery system in Korea. The following specific objectives were investigated. This emergency care delivery system must have the necessary man power, for transfering the patients, communication net work, and emergency care facilities. 1) Man power Emergency care requires n0t only specialized traning in the emergency treatment but also knowledge and experience i11 other related area, so emergency care personnel traning program should be designed in order to adapt to the specific need of emergency patients. It will be necessary to ensure professional personnel who aquires the sufficient traning and experience for emergency care and to look for legal basis. We have to develop re-educational programs for emergency nurse specialist. They should be received speciality of emergency nursing care so that they will work actively and positively in emergency part. Emergency medical doctor and nurse specialist should be given an education which is related in emergency and critical care. Emergency care personnel will continue to provide both acute and continuing care as partner with other medical team. 2) Transfering the patients. Successful management of pre-hospital care requires adequate traning for the emergency medical technician. Traning program should be required to participate in a actual first aids activites in order to have apportunities to acquire practical skills as well as theoretical knowledge. The system of emergency medical technician should be remarkablly successful with first responder firefighters. Establishing this system must add necessary ambulances operating at any given time. It will be necessary to standardize the ambulance size and equipment. Ambulance should be arranged with each and every fire station. 3) Communication net work. The head office of emergency commumication network should be arranged with the head office of fire station in community. It is proposed that Hot-line system for emergency care should be introduce. High controlled ambulance and thirtial emergency center should simultaneously equip critical-line in order to communication with each other. Ordinary ambulance and secondary emergency facility should also simultaneously equip emergency-line in order to communication with each other. 4) Emergency care facilities. Primary emergency care facilities should be covered with the ambulatory emergency patients-minor illness and injuires. Secondary emergency care facilities should be covered with the emergency admission patients. Third emergency care center should be covered with the critical patients who need special treatments and operation. Secondary and third emergency care facilities should employ emergency medical doctor and emergency nurse specialist to treat in-patients with severe and acute illness and multiple injuires. It should be fashioned for a system of emergency facilities that meets emergency patients needs. Provide incentives for increased number of emergency care facilities with traning in personal/clinical emergency care. 5) Finance It is recommended to put the finance of a emergency care on a firm basis. The emergency care delivery system should be managed by the government or accreditted organizations. In order to facilitate this relevant program the fund is needed for more efficient and effective emergency researchs, service, programs, and policy. 6) Gaining understanding and co-operation of pubic It is also important to undertake pubic education to improve understanding of first aids and C. P. R of individuals, communities and business. It is proposed that teachers and health officers be certified in C. P. R. The C. P. R education can be powerful influence save lives. Lastly appropriate emergency care information must be provided to the pubic for assisting them in choosing emergency care.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.115-141
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• 2017

본 연구는 최근 지속적으로 주목 받고 있는 사물인터넷 중 공공 부문에 대한 핵심적인 기술수용요인을 찾고자 한다. 기존연구에서는 사물인터넷은 디지털 시스템을 작동하기 위해 인간의 개입이 거의 관여하지 않는 반면 사람에게 전달하는 많은 산출물(정보)을 제공한다는 점에서 전통적으로 사용해 온 디지털 시스템과 매우 다르다고 정의하고 있다. 일반적으로 전통적인 디지털 시스템은 사람이 주체이지만, 사물인터넷은 디지털 시스템을 작동하기 위하여 인간이 객체가 되는 것이다. 다시 말하면, 사물과 사물간의 네트워크만을 가지고도 디지털 시스템을 작동하게 할 수 있다는 것을 말한다. 결국 이러한 장점들이 그 기능을 발휘하여 공공부문에서 사물인터넷을 통하여 사회적 비용을 상당히 줄이는 성과도 최근 보고된바 있다. 그러나 이러한 많은 사물인터넷의 강점에도 불구하고 사물인터넷에 대한 사용자의 기술수용요인을 구체적으로 밝힌 연구는 거의 없다. 이는 사물인터넷의 개발 시에 목적성에만 부합하면 된다는 개념을 말하고 있다. 만약 이러한 목적 부합적인 개발에만 집중하게 되면, 사용자가 어떤 기술을 사용하고 있는지 구체적인 이유에 대하여 간과하게 되어 향후 사용자들은 지속적 사용을 거부할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 1986년부터 2003년까지 기술수용모델에 대한 도입, 확인, 확장, 정교화의 4단계 과정을 거친 검증모형을 활용하여 공공부문에 사물인터넷 개발 시에 반드시 반영해야 할 요인들을 사용자들로부터 찾고자 한다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면, 공공사물인터넷의 결과에 대한 설명력이 가장 중요한 요인으로 유일하게 지각된 사회적 유용성과 사용용이성에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 결국 사용자에게 사용에 대한 긍정적 태도를 확보한 경우 지속사용의도를 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다. 본 연구의 시사점을 정리하면, 공공사물인터넷 서비스가 제공될 때는 결과에 대하여 사용자가 쉽게 이해할 수 있으며, 사람과 사물이 그리고 사람 간에 그 결과에 대하여 상호소통이 가능해야 함을 의미한다. 이는 현재 제공 되고 있는 공공 사물인터넷에 결과에 대한 이해를 위해 사용자 노력이 많이 필요하다는 것을 말한다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제17권
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• pp.145-178
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• 2001

사진과 사진행위에 대한 부르디외의 사회학적인 분석은 $\ll$중간예술$\gg$과 $\ll$구별짓기$\gg$를 통해 발표되었다. 여러 문화적 산물들 중 사진은 사회과학에서 소홀히 다루어져 왔기 때문에 사진에 대한 부르디외의 연구는 주목할 만한 가치가 있다. 특히 $\ll$중간예술$\gg$은 거의 모든 사진 장르들을 다루면서 사회적 계급들이 사진에 대해 적용하는 규범 체계들, 사진행위의 유형들, 여러 분야의 전문 사진사들이 자신들의 직업에 대해 가지고 있는 생각들과 그들이 참조하는 미학들을 분석하고 있고 최종적으로는 그러한 분석을 바탕으로 사진에 대한 정신분석학적 분석도 시도함으로써 사진과 사진행위에 대해 체계적이고 명료하게 인식할 수 있는 기회를 제공했다는 점에서 대단히 의미가 있는 작업이라 할 수 있다. 그러나 주요 분석 대상인 사진이 급속한 기술적 변화를 겪고 있는 매체이며 경제적이고 문화적인 요인들의 변화에 따른 위상의 변화를 보이고 있는 매체라는 점에서 부르디외의 분석은 오늘날 몇 가지 수정되어야 할 부분들을 가지게 되었다. 우선 부르디외가 강조한 사진의 사회적 기능이 무척 약화되었다. 반면에 사진의 예술적 지위는 대단히 상승했다. 이에 따라, 사진과 사진행위를 둘러싼 사회적 계급간의 관계들도 변했을 것이라 가정할 수 있다. 물론 이러한 계급간의 관계의 변화는 이후의 연구들을 통해 입증되어야 할 것이지만 적어도 오늘날, 부르디외가 연구를 진행했던 시기처럼 단호하게 사진을 중간예술이라고 규정하는 것은 무리가 있어 보인다. 따라서 부르디외의 작업을 현재의 상황에 무비판적으로 적용하기 전에 그 작업을 1960년대의 프랑스라는 사회적이고 역사적인 특수성 안에 위치시키고 사회학, 심리학, 미학, 기호학이 충돌하는 지식의 장 속에서 부르디외의 역할을 살펴봄으로써 그의 연구가 갖는 특성과 한계에 대해 명확히 인식할 필요가 있다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.173-184
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analyse the problems of 'Science Inquiry Experiment Contest(SIEC)' which was one of 8 programs of 'The 2nd Student Science Inquiry Olympic Meet(SSIOM)'. The results and conclusions of this study were as follows: 1. It needs to reconsider the role of practical work within science experiment because practical work skills form one of the mainstays in current science. But the assessment of students' laboratory skills in the contest was made little account of. It is necessary to remind of what it means to be 'good at science'. There are two aspects: knowing and doing. Both are important and, in certain respects, quite distinct. Doing science is more of a craft activity, relying more on craft skill and tacit knowledge than on the conscious application of explicit knowledge. Doing science is also divided into two aspects, 'process' and 'skill' by many science educators. 2. The report's and checklist's assessment items were overlapped. Therefore it was suggested that the checklist assessment items were set limit to the students' acts which can't be found in reports. It is important to identify those activities which produce a permanent assessable product, and those which do not. Skills connected with recording and reporting are likely to produce permanent evidence which can be evaluated after the experiment. Those connected with manipulative skills involving processes are more ephemeral and need to be assessed as they occur. The division of student's experimental skills will contribute to the accurate assess of student's scientific inquiry experimental ability. 3. There was a wide difference among the scores of one participant recorded by three evaluators. This means that there was no concrete discussion among the evaluators before the contest. Despite the items of the checklists were set by preparers of the contest experiments, the concrete discussions before the contest were necessary because students' experimental acts were very diverse. There is a variety of scientific skills. So it is necessary to assess the performance of individual students in a range of skills. But the most of the difficulties in the assessment of skills arise from the interaction between measurement and the use. To overcome the difficulties, not only must the mark needed for each skill be recorded, something which all examination groups obviously need, but also a description of the work that the student did when the skill was assessed must also be given, and not all groups need this. Fuller details must also be available for the purposes of moderation. This is a requirement for all students that there must be provision for samples of any end-product or other tangible form of evidence of candidates' work to be submitted for inspection. This is rather important if one is to be as fair as possible to students because, not only can this work be made available to moderators if necessary, but also it can be used to help in arriving at common standards among several evaluators, and in ensuring consistent standards from one evaluator over the assessment period. This need arises because there are problems associated with assessing different students on the same skill in different activities. 4. Most of the students' reports were assessed intuitively by the evaluators despite the assessment items were established concretely by preparers of the experiment. This result means that the evaluators were new to grasp the essence of the established assessment items of the experiment report and that the students' assessment scores were short of objectivity. Lastly, there are suggestions from the results and the conclusions. The students' experimental acts which were difficult to observe because they occur in a flash and which can be easily imitated should be excluded from the assessment items. Evaluators are likely to miss the time to observe the acts, and the students who are assessed later have more opportunity to practise the skill which is being assessed. It is necessary to be aware of these problems and try to reduce their influence or remove them. The skills and processes analysis has made a very useful checklist for scientific inquiry experiment assessment. But in itself it is of little value. It must be seen alongside the other vital attributes needed in the making of a good scientist, the affective aspects of commitment and confidence, the personal insights which come both through formal and informal learning, and the tacit knowledge that comes through experience, both structured and acquired in play. These four aspects must be continually interacting, in a flexible and individualistic way, throughout the scientific education of students. An increasing ability to be good at science, to be good at doing investigational practical work, will be gained through continually, successively, but often unpredictably, developing more experience, developing more insights, developing more skills, and producing more confidence and commitment.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.121-132
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• 1973

Introduction : Nursing as a profession is gelling wide acceptance today, especially among independent -minded women with necessary physical, mental and academic qualifications. This is particularly true of "comprehensive nursing", which requires to total dedication on the part if the nurse herself-physical, mental and sociocultural. Such comprehensive approach is like-wise called for in the institutional training of professional nurses. Undergraduate nursing courses nowadays place an increasing emphasis on the microscopic approach of training a nurse as an intelligent and well-balanced human being with an optimum degree of cultural sophistication. Greater attention then ever before is now paid to close observation of the individual traits and aptitude of nursing students, so as to permit full development of individual capabilities, interests and propensities within the concept of "comprehensive human education. " Purpose of study 1. To determine the degree of understanding of the part of nursing students of the various aspects of the subject taught in undergraduate nursing course. 2. To determine the motivation of nursing students in choosing the profession and possible subsequent change or attitude and outlook in the course of under graduated studies, as a means of presenting a new practical approach in nursing training based on the concept of "comprehensive human education. " Problems of study 1. The environments of nursing training will impinge on individual nursing students with different psychological impacts from lower to upper classes of under graduated studies. 2. Educational environments will have varying psychological impacts on students: a. Difference in religious faith among students. b. Difference in campus environments. c. Difference in domestic (family) circumstances. d. Difference in innate capabilities of students, 3. The understanding and attitude of individual nursing students towards the science of nursing will Have a close correlation with their respective motivations in choosing-nursing as a profession, and will also be closely influenced by the peculiarities of the subject taught, tile campus environments, etc, Delimitations of the study 1. Two universities offering 4-year nursing courses were selected. Due to the limited number of potential subjects, the optimum conditions of sample collection could not be fulfilled. 2. Subjects were confined to two classes in each university (sophomores and seniors) but without regard to the ages or scholastic achievements of individual students. 3. The conclusions derived from this study should be limited in application to the subject groups covered by the present study: they should not in any event be extended or applied to other groups. Procedures 1. Subjects: 40 nursing students each from the sophomore and senior classes of the "Y" and "K" universities situated in Seoul, aggregating 160 students altogether. 2. Instruments: Use has been made of questionnaires on (1) family backgrounds and (2) general information concerning. 3. Statistical Method: The findings of the present survey have been subjected to critical analysis as to the means, percentages, Cgi squares (X), standard deviations and the significance of the difference in means. Findings 1. Nursing students have chosen their subject of study with a confident outlook towards their future in society. 2. Horsing students have the necessary abilities to complete the prescribed courses of study. 3. The campus life of nursing students has been judged as very constructive, not with-standing certain in adequacies in the available educational facilities and the shortages of teaching staff. 4. The achievement levels of nursing trainees varied greatly according to their respective educational environments as well as their school years. 5. Clear and definite distinctions were discernible between the two universities as regards certain aspects of this survey, while no signifiant difference was observed in other: a. Sophomores and seniors in both universities gave nearly identical answers to questions concerning (1) motivation in choosing nursing as a profession, and (2) the way of spending leisure hours. b. Both universities revealed similar respective differences between sophomores and seniors as regards the abilities of fulfilling academic requirements ill the basic subjects. c. Educational environments have been found to be somewhat superior in the "Y"university to those of the "K" university, particularly as regard general campus and dormitory conditions. d. The high degree of dissatisfaction with the faculty, found in both universities, was considered to be a consequence of the universal phenomenon of "brain drain" and the relative neglect of the "comprehensive approach"in education.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2013

최근 문화 예술 분야를 활용하여 고부가가치를 창출하며 지속적으로 발전하는 공연예술 시장 환경 속에서 공연 기획자들이나 투자자들은 공연에서 성공을 하기 위한 객관적인 지표를 원한다. 성공적인 공연을 위해서는 관람객들에게 편의를 제공하여 만족도를 높여 주어야 하며, 따라서 재미와 감동, 가치를 높이는 방안도 모색해야 한다. 기존의 만족도 확인 방법으로는 공연기간, 설문조사, 입소문 등 주관적인 평가가 대부분이다. 이것들은 관람객들의 만족도에 대한 평가 기준이 될 수 는 없다. 최근에는 공연에서 관람객의 몰입 정도가 공연의 주요 성공 요인으로 평가되기 시작했다. 공연에 대한 몰입도가 높으면 만족도도 높아진다는 연구 결과도 있다. 그래서 공연에 대한 관람객의 몰입을 실시간으로 확인하는 지표를 개발하는 것은 관람객들의 만족도를 평가하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 잇다. 기존의 몰입도 추출 연구는 대부분 1인을 대상으로 한 연구들이며 전체 관람객들의 몰입도는 개별 몰입도를 통합하여 측정하여 왔다. 하지만, 공연장에서 관람객들의 몰입도를 개별적으로 측정하기에는 경제적으로나 환경적으로 어려운 상황이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 연구에서는, 공연장의 전체 관람객 몰입도를 측정하기 위하여 차영상 기반의 동기화 기법을 활용하는 모형을 제시 한다. 이 기법은 우선 카메라를 통해 관람객 영상을 수집하고, 이를 차영상 기법을 이용하여 동일 장소, 시간 내 관람객들의 움직임 변화량을 측정하여 동기화 여부를 판단하는 것이다. 본 논문에서 동기화가 되었다는 의미는 관람객들이 몰입하고 있을 때, 자극원에 대하여 동시성을 가지고 반응하는 것을 말한다. 이것을 차영상 기법을 통하여 움직임의 변화량으로 환산하고, 이것을 이용하여 동적 동기화와 정적 동기화인지 구분한다. 그런 후 전체 관람객들의 움직임 변화량들을 비교하여 관람객들의 몰입도를 판단하는 모형을 구축하는 것이다. 이 연구에서는 전체 관객의 몰입도 판단 모형을 제시하고, 실제 관객의 반응 데이터를 이용한 평가를 하여 제시한 연구모형이 실제 공연장에서 그룹 관람객들의 몰입도를 측정할 수 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.