• Title/Summary/Keyword: crisis response

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A Review and Its Implications on School-based Crisis Response Team in the U.S. (미국의 학교기반 위기대응팀에 대한 고찰과 시사점)

  • Lee, Dong Hun;Jeong, Bo Young;Kang, Eun Jin;Myung, So Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.1-28
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    • 2017
  • In this study, the school crisis response system and intervention are examined in the U.S. by reviewing Crisis Response Team(CRT) to give a direction for establishing and improving the school crisis response system in Korea. To do this, a literature review has been conducted focusing on domestic and foreign literature on the school - based crisis response system about the U.S. and Korea. The characteristics of the school-based CRT in the U.S. are as follows. First, in the U.S., the organizational structure and financial support for school - based crisis response has been stated by law so that the roles and responsibilities of region, district, school have been clearly defined. Second, in the event of a school crisis, the school have been shared the role of professional crisis response according to the Incident Command System and coordinates communication smoothly between each area of society through cooperation with CRT. Third, CRT prevents burnout by showing flexibility in team composition so that CRT members are not tired or overwhelmed by a crisis event, and focuses on strengthening the crisis capability of the school itself through cooperation between the school and CRT. Fourth, the school-based CRT in the U.S. conducts a step by step crisis intervention from prevention to prolonged post management. Based on these results, implications for the establishment and improvement of school-based crisis response system in Korea are discussed.

Impact of Social Consumption Crisis Strategy on Distribution Marketplaces' Relationships

  • LEE, Jaemin;KIM, Kapseon
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.61-70
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: This paper reviews the attitudes of consumers related to the consumption crisis response strategy (i.e., defensive vs. receptive) that companies implement during crises. Research design, data, and methodology: We discuss the interaction between the crisis response strategy and the consumption crisis type (i.e., corporate ability vs. corporate social responsibility). We used SAS ver. 9.4 software to analyze the results. We applied a 2 × 2 intergroup experimental design to our sample of subjects, who were undergraduate and graduate students at a university in Seoul, South Korea. The three experimental variables considered were the entity's risk response strategy, the crisis type, and public relations strategy. The experiments were conducted by presenting a hypothetical scenario to eight groups. Prior to this experiment, five preliminary surveys were conducted to determine the three variables just mentioned. Preliminary surveys were conducted on the basis of these criteria. For eight selected product lines, 320 undergraduates were required to enter the product lines that are frequently used in the assessment center up to the fourth priority. Results: Analysis of variance revealed that experiments related to crisis response strategy, type of enterprise crisis, and type of public relations message were successful. Conclusions: Our results verify the impact of different types of social initiatives on distribution marketplaces.

Content Analysis of Crisis Response Communication Strategies along Crisis Stages for Match-fixing Case in K-League (프로축구 승부조작 사건에 대한 프로축구연맹의 위기단계별 위기대응 커뮤니케이션 전략 분석)

  • Bang, Shinwoong;Hwang, Sunhwan
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.390-402
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    • 2014
  • This study, based upon the Sturges' crisis stages, examines the crisis response communication strategies of Korea Professional Football League(KPFL) for the K-league match-fixing case as well as the frequency of related news articles and the source of information. To explore the crisis response communication strategies the Korea Professional Football League used, a total of 118 news articles were analyzed using the content analysis and frequency analysis. The unit of analysis for crisis response communication strategies is sentence. The frequency of news articles based upon the crisis stages shows highest rate at the acute crisis stage. The source of information for news reports shows that KPFL was one of the major sources of the news reports. KPFL's crisis response communication strategy throughout all stages of the crisis stage shows that corrective action strategy was used highest ratio. In particular, the crisis response communication strategy between team, player and KPFL was shown lack of consistency throughout all crisis stages. Implication and future research direction for the results are discussed.

Development of Public Diplomacy Crisis Communication Model and Its Application (공공외교 위기커뮤니케이션 모델의 개발과 적용)

  • Jangyul Kim
    • Public Diplomacy: Theory and Practice
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.1-34
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    • 2023
  • This study finds that the South Korean government's public diplomacy efforts have focused on promotional activities such as the "K-wave" or responses to controversial historical issues. However, the South Korean government needs to be more prepared for strategic responses to unexpected crises and subsequent communications. This paper attempts to apply crisis communication research developed in the field of public relations to public diplomacy. To do so, this research reviewed theories in crisis communication, an essential area of public relations, and developed a crisis communication model. The model was then applied to several crisis case studies to suggest how to develop response strategies and conduct communications. As a result, this research developed an Ongoing Public Diplomacy Crisis Communication Model (PDCCM) that can be applied to public diplomacy research and practice. The model identifies four crisis communication principles (be quick, be open, be consistent, be authentic) that should be applied in six phases. Following continuous social listening and monitoring, governments should analyze crisis situations using sense-making, develop short- and long-term crisis response objectives, response strategies, and communication messages depending on the level of responsibility, implement crisis communication, and conduct post-crisis evaluation.

A study of Structural relationship between public crisis communication and Heart & Fellings influence and behavioral intention in crisis risk situations (국가적 위기·위험상황에서 대중(大衆) 위기커뮤니케이션과 심정(心情) 영향력 및 행동의도간의 구조적 관계)

  • Lee, Jung-Eun
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.239-251
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    • 2022
  • This study tried to understand the structural relationship between public crisis communication, emotional influence, and behavioral intention in a national crisis/risk situation. Based on the results of previous studies and empirical studies, the results of crisis/threat type, crisis/threat response, sentiment (crisis/risk responsibility, strategic risk/risk reflective response), and action intention For tourists who visit tourist destinations, as well as the relationship between crisis and risk communication at the tourist destination and one of the unique emotions of Koreans (crisis threat responsibility, strategic response, and reflective response to crisis threat) The relationship between the outcome variable, behavioral intention, was identified. A theoretical study was conducted on each research concept to achieve the proposed research purpose. Based on this, a questionnaire was drawn up and empirical research was conducted in parallel. Three hypotheses were established, and meaningful results were confirmed according to the results of the hypotheses. When a risky situation occurs, the government, business, and local community will actively respond and respond to it as an opportunity to offset the risk of crisis.

Classification of Food Safety Crises and Standard Setting for Crisis Level in Food Industry (식품산업체가 겪는 위기의 분류와 위기 수준 판단)

  • Kim, Jong-Gyu;Kim, Joong-Soon
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.133-145
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    • 2015
  • Objectives: Food safety has become one of the major public-concerning issues in Korea. In order to set guidelines to create manuals for the response to a food safety crisis by food industry, this paper classified food safety crises and suggested techniques to determine crisis level. Methods: This study clarified common terminologies and definitions including in food safety crises. It reviewed various food safety crises and described characteristics, types, and states of crises. Results: The results of this study suggested that a food safety crisis implied a situation in which hazards/risk spreading in the food supply chain was widely described, causing strong public concern followed by a socioeconomic impact, and therefore, requiring the implementation of a prompt and full response regarding the situation. In terms of seeking response plans, food safety crises might be classified according to the penalties resulting from violations of laws and regulations, causative substances, stages of the food supply chain, and first contact point for incidents. The crisis level for a food safety crisis could be classified according to its severity parameters. The guideline matrix was divided into four major stages: Blue/guarded, Yellow/elevated, Orange/high, and Red/severe. This study also suggested several methods for determining the crisis level, such as the simple judgement method, scoring methods using a check-list and a weighted check-list. Conclusion: The severity of related parameters might be of great importance in understanding a crisis and determining response options/challenges for crisis levels.

A Critical Review of Current Crisis Simulation Methodology

  • Kim, Hak-Kyong;Lee, Ju-Lak
    • International Journal of Contents
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.58-64
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    • 2011
  • This paper is concerned with simulation exercises used to train key response agencies for crisis situations. While 'multi-agency' simulations are increasingly acknowledged as a necessary and significant training tool for emergency response organisations, many current crisis simulations are still focused on the revision of existing response plans only. However, a crisis requires a rapid reaction, yet in contrast to an 'emergency', the risks for critical decision makers in crisis situations are difficult to measure, owing to their ill-structure. In other words, a crisis situation is likely to create great uncertainty, unfamiliarity and complexity, and consequently should be managed by adaptive or second order expertise and techniques, rather than routine or structured responses. In this context, the paper attempts to prove that the current practices of simulation exercises might not be good enough for uncertain, unfamiliar, and complex 'crisis' situations, in particular, by conducting case studies of two different underground fire crises in Korea (Daegu Subway Fire 2003) and the UK (King's Cross Fire 1987). Finally, it is suggested that the three abilities: 'flexibility', 'improvisation' and 'creativity' are critical in responding to a crisis situation.

The Effects of a Company's Response Type Strategy due to New Product Failure on Consumers' Negative WOMs : The Moderating Roles of both Cause-related Marketing Activity and Message Strategy (신제품 실패에 따른 기업의 대응유형전략이 소비자의 부정적 구전에 미치는 영향: 공익연계 마케팅 활동여부와 메시지전략의 조절역할)

  • Yun, Hui Kyung;Choi, Young Min;Bae, Sang Wook
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.93-107
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    • 2018
  • The Purpose of This Study is to Investigate Consumers' Negative WOMs due to the Crisis Response Strategy that Companies Perform in Crisis Situations due to the Failure of New Products. To do This, the Crisis Scenarios and Response Strategies were Manipulated Using a Virtual Laptop Company, and then an Experiment was Performed. The Results of This Experimental Design are as Follows. First, According to The Response Type Strategies, It is Found that Apologizing rather than Denying for the Crisis Response Mitigates the Negative WOMs more. Second, It is Found that the Companies that have Engaged in Cause-Related Marketing Activities before the Crisis Caused by New Product Failure Mitigate Consumers' Negative WOMs more than those which have not. Third, It is Shown that the Message Strategy of the Firm does not Affect Consumers' Negative WOMs. Fourth, the Interaction between the Response Type Strategy and the Cause-Related Marketing Activities are Found to Exist, but the Interaction Between The Response Type Strategy and the Message Strategy does not Appear.

An Examination of the Effectiveness of Crisis Response Strategies for Repairing Competence and Integrity Violations

  • Sung, Yen-yi;Lee, Han-joon;Park, Jong-chul
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.129-154
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    • 2013
  • Product-harm crises, which are connected to defective or dangerous products, are perceived as the most common threats to a company. Product harm crises can distort long standing favorable equality perceptions, tarnish a company's reputation, cause major revenue and market-share losses, lead to costly product recalls, and devastate a carefully nurtured brand equity. However, in spite of the devastating impact of product-harm crises, little systematic research exists to asses its marketing consequences. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate how Koreans react to the crisis response in the aftermath of different crises(competence violation vs. integrity violation) and inspire additional research in crisis communication. This study has three main findings which run counter to the assumptions of Kim et al.(2007). Namely, the current study expands on the research of Kim et al. (2004, 2007) by examining how companies repair customers' trust and corporate attitude after crises. Different from previous studies, this study assumes that apology for an integrity-based crisis is the most appropriate way to repair consumer trust and corporate attitude. As for competence-based crisis, similarly, apology for competence-based crisis can be more successful repairing consumer trust and corporate attitude. Concerning silence strategy, remaining silent dose not admit or deny guilt right away, but instead of asking the perceiver to withhold judgment, suggesting that, silence could be expected to be superior to apology but inferior to denial. Finally, apology for competence violation will be expected to bemore effective than apology for integrity violation. Research conceptual model was as follows: According to the results, apology is found to be the most effective strategy to repair corporate attitude no matter the crisis is perceived as a violation of competence or integrity. Second, company may consider keeping silent as a desirable response because they does not admit nor deny responsibility but ask the public to withhold judgment. However, the result of this study shows that, in the overall crisis situations, silence strategy did not differ significantly from the denial strategy, which suggested that the public wants explanation instead of uncertainty. Third, there was the interaction effect between crisis type and crisis response strategies. In this study, apology is more effective for the competence violated situation in terms of regaining consumer trust and repairing their attitude toward company, while the apology's effectiveness is lower for the integrity-violated situation. More specifically, when the crisis is perceived due to company's lack of ability(competence violation), consumer's trust belief and attitude toward the company is more easily to repair when the company issued a sincere apology. Damaged product is perceived less intentional so participants are more likely to give the company second chance when they apology to the public. By contrast, exaggerated advertisement(integrity violation) is perceived intentionally and thus makes participants angrier toward the accused company. Although apology is perceived as the most effective strategy, when issuing apology, it also means the company admitted their intention. Therefore, in this kind of crisis situation, trust repair needs not only a sincere apology but additional efforts.

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The Study of Simulation Exercise System of Marine Oil Spill Crisis Response Based on GIS

  • Yancheng, Liu;Peihai, Yin;Dianli, Zhao;Caiqin, Sun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2004.08a
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    • pp.194-199
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    • 2004
  • The paper does researches and analysis on the process of marine oil spill crisis response (MOSCR), and develops the marine oil spill crisis response simulation exercise system. The system developed by this paper is composed of four subsystems, including the training system of MOSCR, the geographical information system of MOSCR, the marine oil spill control and cleanup decision-making expert system, and the computer simulation exercise system. The paper builds up the applied model system of MOSCR. The system takes the marine oil spill crisis response geographical information system as the platform, which integrates all aspects of MOSCR. This system can offer an oil spill scene to the trainees and simulate the whole process of MOSCR on the interface of GIS.

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