• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.25
• /
• pp.27-61
• /
• 2010

This study looks at plans for the efficient functions of the current terror response system in Korea. The results are derived from by comparing and analyzing American, British, German, Japanese, and Korean terror response systems. It focuses especially on addressing some problems with Korea's terror response system and how to operate it effectively. The study will systematically compare and analyze each nation's terror countermeasure studying organizational, functional, and legal aspects as standards. This study shows that there is not an exclusive terror response center in Korea compared with other nations such as America, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan. Also it is difficult to expect effective and vigorous operations due to weak cooperation across the relevant organizations. The presidential directive of the state's anti-terrorism action guidelines is legally ineffective. This means that on legal grounds, it is difficult to take actions to prevent the terrorism. Therefore, keys to counteracting terrorism derived from this study are summarized below. In the first place, an integrated terror response system should be set up for expansion of information sharing which leads to emergence effect. In the second place, the superior legislative systems should be made for the cleardefinition and extent of what the terror is, rigid enforcement of investigation, immigration, and keeping an eye on the funds raised by terrorists and tracking down the terrorists, the plan for eco-terrorism. In the third place, to augment security of vital facilities and peoples' awareness of terrorism safety should be emphasized and a cooperative system between civil and government organizations need to be built. In the fourth place, system for crisis management must be provided in an effort to maximize management system of terrorism and unify a decentralized emergency countermeasures effectively.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 2014

This paper has studied the monetary policy in Korea with a time varying VAR model using four key macroeconomic variables. First, inclusion of the exchange rate was a crucial factor in evaluating Korean monetary policy since the monetary policy demonstrated sensitivity to exchange rate movements during the crisis periods of both the Asian financial crisis of 1997 and the global financial crisis of 2008. Second, a specification of the stochastic volatilities in TVP-VAR model is important in explaining excessive movements of all variables in the sample. The overall moderation of variables in 2000s was more or less due to a reduction of the stochastic volatilities but also somewhat due to the macroeconomic fundamental structures captured by impulse response functons. Third, the degree of the monetary policy effectiveness of inflation was mitigated in recent periods but with increased persistence. Lastly, the monetary policy stance towards inflation stabilization has advanced ever since the inflation targeting scheme was adopted. However, there still seems to be a room for improvement in this aspect since the degree of the monetary policy stance towards inflation stabilization was relatively weaker than to output stabilization.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.25-37
• /
• 2016

The economy of South Korea has experienced two financial crises: the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2008 global financial crisis. These crises had a significant impact on the nation's macro-economic indicators. Furthermore, they had a profound influence on container traffic in container ports in Busan, which is the largest port in South Korea in terms of TEUs handled. However, the impact of the Asian financial crisis on container throughput is not clear. In this study, we assume that the two financial crises are independent and different, and then analyze how each of them impacted container throughput in Busan ports. To perform this analysis, we use an intervention model that is a special type of ARIMA model with input series. Intervention models can be used to model and forecast a response series and to analyze the impact of an intervention or event on the series. This study focuses on the latter case, and our results show that the impacts of the financial crises vary considerably.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.185-194
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the chaotic state of school education caused by COVID-19 and to seek the role of the principal in responding quickly to the national crisis. To solve this problem, 34 elementary school principals in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Daejeon, and Jeju were surveyed with open questions through the first SNS on what leadership is needed to cope with COVID-19, and the second in-depth interview was conducted through phone calls. In the New Normal era, principal's leadership requires insightful and responsible leadership in supporting educational activities, class support, and problem prevention that can occur due to rapid response to crisis situations, rapid budgeting and input, and promotion of teacher-to-teacher communication, according to a survey. In crisis situations such as COVID-19, it is necessary to establish a role of principal for schools to cope stably and to establish an educational environment in which students learn in a safe environment. For this, national and educational policy support is needed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.189-203
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This study aims in analyzing the dynamic relationship between household loans and housing prices according to the characteristics of depository institutions after the financial crisis, identifying the recent trends between them, and making policy suggestions for stabilizing house prices. Design/methodology/approach - The monthly data used in this study are household loans, household loan interest rates, and housing prices ranging from January 2012 to May 2020, and came from ECOS of the Bank of Korea and Liiv-on of Kookmin Bank. This study used vector auto-regression, generalized impulse response function, and forecast error variance decomposition with the data so as to yield analysis results. Findings - The analysis of this study no more shows that the household loan interest rates in both deposit banks and non-bank deposit institutions had statistically significant effects on housing prices. Also, unlike the previous studies, there was statistically significant bi-directional causality between housing prices and household loans in neither deposit banks nor non-bank deposit institutions. Rather, it was found that there is a unidirectional causality from housing prices to household loans in deposit banks, which is considered that housing prices have one-sided effects on household loans due to the overheated housing market after the financial crisis. Research implications or Originality - As a result, Korea's housing market is closely related to deposit banks, and housing prices are acting as more dominant information variables than interest rates or loans under the long-term low interest rate trend. Therefore, in order to stabilize housing prices, the housing supply must be continuously made so that everyone can enjoy housing services equally. In addition, the expansion and reinforcement of the social security net should be realized systematically so as to stop households from being troubled with the housing price decline.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.75-94
• /
• 2010

'Green growth' is the development strategy for the sustainable society through the harmony between the environment and economy. The 'green growth' was defined and accepted by UNESCAP and countries in Asia-Pacific region. OECD also accepted it as their new development policy. 'Green New Deal' was also proposed as a new social/economic policy to response three global crisis: environmental, resources and economic. Social and environmental sustainability are the most important principles of this policy. In Korea, however, the 'green growth' is redefined and used by the government and politicians as an economic policy to support the new technology on energy efficiency and renewable energy. In here, the definitions of green growth in the world and in Korea are analysed and compared, and new term is proposed. Green growth is the development policy to response environmental crisis (ie. climate changes) to transform the society to environmentally and socially sustainable one. The possible contribution of geomorphologic researches to green growth was also proposed.

• The Journal of Bigdata
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.125-138
• /
• 2020

After the spread of COVID-19 in 2020, the country's Crisis Alert Level went up to the highest level, Level 4. Respond of COVID-19 pandemic, Governments, and cities secured each province's duty for the citizens. The government provided health assistance first and stepped forward to support the necessary resources for the citizens. Busan City proposed policy response to prepare and implement the Corona support for each county as well. The high occupant rate of self-business owners lost basic incomes, and the effect varies on industries. In our paper, to avoid any crisis in such an epidemic, we propose a clustering analysis for the guidance of policy support for Busan City. By analyzing patterns and clustering on districts and Sectors, we would like to provide reference materials for determining the direction of support and guiding preemptive response in the event of a similar epidemic.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.9
• /
• pp.235-242
• /
• 2009

This study aims to examine terrorism by biological agents. These days terrorism evolved so rapidly that more than one terror occurs a day in global society as we are on the edge of so-called New-terrorism. One of new examples of new terrorism is Bioterrorism by biological agents. In order to address Bioterrorism we should conduct a study to examine things to be prepared at ordinary times and future plans. As an effort to develop countermeasures against Bioterrorism, anti-terrorism laws should be made on Prevention phases anti-terrorism funding laws as well. Other Bioterrorism laws need to be made. On Response phases initial reaction task force should be ready for making positive initial reaction. A special hospital for CBR(Chemical, Biologlcal, and Radiological) warfare needs to be designated to practice medicine. Biological~safety-Levels should be constructed by IV levels. Effective public promotion network should be built. On Recovery phases evaluation system needs to be suggested and international cooperative network should be established.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.23-36
• /
• 2014

Recently economic crisis has brought world economic instability. Each country in order to stabilize the economy, fiscal rules are introduced or reinforced. Fiscal Policy in a country plays an important role in determining the economic situation in the present and future. Existing fiscal rules tend to place a rigid limit not only on the deficit ratio and thus on the scope for fiscal stabilization, but also on the extent to which fiscal policy can be used for structural purposes. But the fiscal rules are operated in many ways and adopted in various forms, with different binding of each other, according to their own fiscal situations, and political circumstances. This study shows several important factors for successful National fiscal system and continuous fiscal soundness and development.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.7-17
• /
• 2018

This paper examines short-run and long-run dynamic relationships between selected macroeconomic variables and stock prices in the Korea Stock Exchange. The data is restricted to the period for which monthly data are available from January 1986 to October 2016 (370 observations) retrieved from the Economic Statistics System database sponsored by the Bank of Korea. The study employs unit root test, cointegration test, vector error correction estimates, impulse response test, and structural break test. The results of the Johansen cointegration test indicate at least three cointegrating equations exist at the 0.05 level in the model, confirming that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between stock prices and macroeconomic variables in Korea. The results of vector error correction model (VECM) estimates indicate that money supply and short-term interest rate are not related to stock prices in the short-run. However, exchange rate is positively related to stock prices while the industrial production index and inflation are negatively related to stock prices in the short-run. Furthermore, the VECM estimates indicate that the external shock, such as regional and global financial crisis shocks, neither affects changes in the endogenous variables nor causes instability in the cointegrating vector. This study finds that the endogenous variables are determined by their own dynamics in the model.