• Korean Security Journal
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• no.50
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• pp.91-115
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• 2017

Recently the characteristics of those who committed serious terrorist crimes are not directly related to the direct command system of a specific terrorist organization (ex. IS) but are influenced by the political propaganda of terrorist organizations online, Terrorist crime under the loose form of the terrorist organization. Therefore, this study suggests ways to improve countermeasures against terrorism in metropolitan subways. Although it is important for the prevention of terrorism in the subway, it is important for the police officers of the subway police and the special police officers of the railway to have a physical limit to take charge of them, and after confirming that improvement measures are necessary, And pointed out the possibility of establishing independent security departments where judicial and administrative control is not feasible to grant police rights. In addition, I pointed out how to improve the safety of subways in the metropolitan area through the recruitment of core job candidates and the identity survey during the subway operation. Furthermore, it was confirmed that a special council on terrorism, which can take into consideration the characteristics of subway terrorism, such as airports and ports, is required to be established in charge of terrorism prevention under the current Anti-Terrorism Act. Finally, it is once again emphasized that the strengthening of the powers of the counterparts to terrorism must inevitably limit the basic rights of the people, so the principle of proportionality must be observed in their activities.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.905-914
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• 2017

We examine 554 state basic districts and 1832 householders in Busan metropolitan city to see whether the physical and walkable characteristics of housing influence apartment housing prices. We use two-level models modeling for a more accurate analysis. Walkable characteristics in level 2 state basic districts potentially explain 77% of the variation in housing values, with the highest impact on crime safety characteristics. Overall, our spatial multi-level analysis based on new state basic districts in Korea explained price variation better than previous studies, which considered each householder. The results provide policy opportunities for planners and citizen groups to pursue strategies that encourage the development of walkable and sustainable neighborhoods.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.360-367
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• 2009

This study has aimed at establishing of the new administration scheme related to the goal of police like the investigation division through analyses of differences on the role perception of female police officers. In a related matter, work characteristics include ranks, working areas, working priods and the dependent variables of the role perception of female police officers are composed of 3 items like task role, group maintenance role and individual role. As a result, the differences by ranks, working areas, working priods that were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA showed significant differences in the each dependent variables. The results showed that the female police officers whose ranks were higher, who had been employed longer, and whose working areas were places where the cases occurred a lot more showed great point in mean value not only on task role but also on group maintenance role. The result of the study suggests a direction to achieve the best efficacy of police duties such as a criminal investigation, the prevention of crime and presents an useful indication to redefine the role.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2018

Objectives: To identify the associations of characteristics of the neighborhood environment with substance abuse among clients receiving treatment for drug abuse in Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 1128 drug addicts from 28 neighborhoods who were receiving treatment at all 7 compulsory drug detention centers in Thailand. A trained interviewer conducted structured interviews with the subjects about substance use and the perceived neighborhood environment in their community. A multilevel logistic regression model was applied to estimate the effects of the neighborhood environment on substance use. Results: The majority of participants, 53.8% only used methamphetamine pills, 31.3% used other illicit drugs as well as methamphetamine pills, and 14.9% used an illicit drug other than methamphetamine. Three neighborhood characteristics were associated with substance use. A 1-unit increase in the perceived neighborhood cohesion score was associated with a 15% reduction in methamphetamine pill use and an 11% reduction of the use of both methamphetamine pills and another illicit drug. Conversely, a 1-unit increase in perceived neighborhood crime predicted 19 and 14% increases in the use of methamphetamine pills and the use of both methamphetamine pills and another illicit drug, respectively. In addition, a 1-unit increase in the scores for stigma surrounding addiction corresponded to a 25% increase of the use of methamphetamine pills and a 12% increase in the use of both methamphetamine pills and another illicit drug. Conclusions: Substance use among drug addicts was influenced by characteristics of the neighborhood environment. Therefore, prevention and intervention strategies should be designed based on a consideration of the impact of neighborhood context on substance use behaviors.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.3 s.68
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• pp.431-445
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze and theorize the characteristics of femme fatale in fashion illustration since 1980. The method of this study was to analyze the documentaries for theoretical studies about femme fatale and the visual characteristics in fashion illustration works since 1980. The results of this study were as follows: Femme fatale expressed in the general realm of art was icon of fatal and seductive eroticism in late 19th century. She is composed of diverse images like mythology, exoticism, fear and sensuality. The characteristics of her image in fashion illustration were expressed into de-body image by union of animal and female body, or machine and female body, duplicity of death and sexuality, sexual decadence or abnormality and powerful masculine taste. First, de-body image by union of animal and female body, or machine and female body was expressed in transformed mythical image or bizarre and demonic image, grotesque image linked by picture of female body and painting of animal image, and cyborg image linked by machine and realistic female body by digital media. Second, duplicity of death and sexuality was expressed in juxtaposition by sexual pose, body and something metaphorical and symbolic depiction and de-constructive depiction of death. Third, sexual decadence or abnormality was expressed in fetishistic style, obscene depiction of cheap and hedonistic sexuality, masochistic depiction like antisocial and diseased sex appeal. Forth, powerful masculine taste was expressed in man's face, body, pose, masculine fashion, man's role related to crime and threatening weapon, etc. As mentioned above, femme fatale in fashion illustration was expressed in diverse images by fashion illustrator's point of view. Although she was originated by men's fantastic vision, she brings a catharsis to human being. And she is also recognized as new paradigm and positive cultural sign in our times.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.855-861
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• 2013

Smartphone is very useful for use in the real life through the improvement of computing power, faster data rate and the variety of applications. On the other hand, using the smartphone has been exposed to a lot of crime. Also, it occurs attempting to delete a data of smartphone memory by anti-forensic tools. In this paper, we investigate and analyze the anti-forensic tools used in the Android smartphone to study the characteristics and techniques of anti-forensic tools. In addition, experiments are performed to validate the availability of anti-forensic tools by the Oxygen Forensic Suite that is a commercial forensic tool.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.75-99
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• 2008

In the commercial transaction sellers use various sales strategies to increase profits, and this kind of sales strategies often causes damage to customers, it, moreover, is true that these examples happen in the electronic commercial market much more than in traditional one because of the characteristics if the electronic commerce. That's why people transact one another without face-to-face meeting in the electronic commerce market, so people one likely to fall for a trick to cheat and deceive. It's no doubt that the frequency of crime is higher than in face-to-face market. For that reason Cooling Off System, Consumer Compensation Insurance, Mutual Aid Association and Billing Payment Deposit System are in force the law related electronic commerce to protect customers' rights. In this paper it will be discussed about the periods of Cooling Off System and a received commodity notice of the Billing Payment Deposit System. Regarding these periods seven days for Cooling Off period and three days for a received commodity notice period are stipulated under the law of related electronic commerce to protect customers' rights, But each period has to be differentiated depending on each goods for this period to be reasonable and proper. Therefore in this study it will be focused on these facts and each period will be classified by the goods' purpose of purchase and quality.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.127-143
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate the actual state of activity on domestic and foreign civil anti-disaster organizations, related suggestions, and development plans. Methods: This study used the documentary survey research method and the technical approach method. Civil anti-disaster organizations' information was derived from detailed scholarly monographs, specialty publications, and previous studies of master doctorate dissertation. Results: Volunteer Fire Department and voluntary crime prevention groups show problems related to budgetary deficits and volunteer deficiency. In order to resolve these issues, laws must be enacted to guarantee interest and support. In addition, the Citizen Corps Active in Disaster (CAIND) organization requires a dedicated salary system to address the investment of its workforce and the cost of heavy equipment. Moreover, deficiencies were revealed regarding the lack of systems in support of occupational education and training. In conclusion, several weak points require close attention. Conclusion: The results of this comparative analysis study about the domestic and foreign civil anti-disaster organizations provide insight into identity materialization and concept establishment.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1624-1631
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• 2021

With the continued development of image processing technology, we live in a time when it is difficult to visually discriminate processed (or tampered) images from real images. However, as the risk of fake images being misused for crime increases, the importance of image forensic science for identifying fake images is emerging. Currently, various deep learning-based identifiers have been studied, but there are still many problems to be used in real situations. Due to the inherent characteristics of deep learning that strongly relies on given training data, it is very vulnerable to evaluating data that has never been viewed. Therefore, we try to find a way to improve generalization ability of deep learning-based fake image identifiers. First, images with various contents were added to the training dataset to resolve the over-fitting problem that the identifier can only classify real and fake images with specific contents but fails for those with other contents. Next, color spaces other than RGB were exploited. That is, fake image identification was attempted on color spaces not considered when creating fake images, such as HSV and YCbCr. Finally, dropout, which is commonly used for generalization of neural networks, was used. Through experimental results, it has been confirmed that the color space conversion to HSV is the best solution and its combination with the approach of increasing the training dataset significantly can greatly improve the accuracy and generalization ability of deep learning-based identifiers in identifying fake images that have never been seen before.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.683-688
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• 2023

Content featuring next-generation weapons is continuously appearing in games and virtual reality. In the context of story development, the traces of a target's bullet marks are observed differently according to the unique characteristics of the rifle and bullet. Additionally, there is an example of using forensic ballistics to investigate crime by examining the traces of bullets. Understanding the relationship between the ballistic coefficient and cavity by ballistics is crucial during this process. This paper proposes a physics-based cavity simulation using the modified Bresenham's line algorithm, which can enhance realism in games and virtual reality. This simulation accurately models the trajectory of bullets and cavity formation upon impact, creating a more realistic representation of how bullets interact with materials. Overall, physics-based simulations can greatly enhance the realism and immersion of games and virtual reality experiences and can have applications in forensic investigations.