• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.465-470
• /
• 2004

본 논문에서는, 컨테이너 터미널에서 운행되는 컨테이너크레인의 자동화 시스템을 개방형 제어시스템으로 제안한다. 그리고, 개방형 제어시스템을 하드웨어 모듈과 OS 모듈 그리고 응용소프트웨어 모듈로 구성되는 표준모델로 제시한다. 본 논문의 기여도는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 크레인 제어시스템의 개방화를 위한 새로운 기준모델을 제안한다. 둘째로, 컨테이너크레인의 구조를 분석하고 자동화된 컨테이너크레인을 구현하기 위한 방법을 제안한다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 1994

The container crane is still operated by skillfull human operators. So an automatic crane operation system is strongly required. In this paper, the digital control method is applied to position an anti-swing control for container crane. Two methods of digital optimal regulator control and digital redesign control are used for experiment. From these experimental results, it is respected that both methods can be applied effectively to an actual container crane operation.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.498-504
• /
• 1998

This paper presents an optimal control algorithm for the overhead crane. To control the swing motion and the position tracking of the payload of the overhead crane a state feedback control algorithm is applied. by using a hybrid genetic algorithm the feedback gains of the state feedback is optimized to minimize the cost function composed of position errors and payload swing angle under unknown constant disturbances. Computer simulation is performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 1999

Crane operation for transporting heavy loads causes swinging motion at the loads. This sway causes the suspension ropes to leave their grooves and leads to possibility of serious damages. Generally crane is operated by expert's knowledge. Therefore, a satisfactory control method to supress object sway during transport is indispensible. The dynamic behavior of the crane shows nonlinear characteristics. when the length of the rope is changed the crane is time varying system and the design of anti-sway controller is very difficult. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic model for the industrial overhead crane is derived. and the feedback gain matrix based on the pole-placement method is proposed to supress the swing motion and control the position of the crane. The performance of the controller for the crane model is simulated on the personal computer.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.559-562
• /
• 1995

In the crane control system, it is reguired that the travelling time of the crane must be reduced as much as possible and the swing must be stoped at the end point. In paper, we present a hybrid control method which include the optimal regulator and velocity pattern controller in order to make high performance of the anti-sway. To implement the control algorithm, the dynamic equation is linearlized at an equilibrium point, so that the liner time invariant state equation can be obtained. In order to experiment the crane control, we consider 1 over 10 of the gantry crane which is used in a port. As a result, the hybrid control method improve efficient anti-sway control more than conventional velocity pattern control. It is expected that the proposed system will make an important contribution to the industrial fields.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.591-601
• /
• 2006

In this paper, we present a new control methodology for perturbed crane systems. Nonlinear crane systems are transformed to linear models by feedback linearization. An inverse dynamic equation is applied to compute the system PD control force. The PD control parameters are selected based on a nominal model and are therefore suboptimal for a perturbed system. To achieve the desired performance despite model perturbations, we construct a neural network auxiliary controller to compensate for modeling errors and disturbances. The overall control input is the sum of the nominal PD control and the neural auxiliary control. The neural network is iteratively trained with a perturbed system until acceptable performance is attained. We apply the proposed control scheme to 2- and 3-degree-of-freedom (D.O.F.) crane systems, with known bounds on the payload mass. The effectiveness of the control approach is numerically demonstrated through computer simulation experiments.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.102-108
• /
• 2008

This paper presents robust and adaptive control method for complicated three dimensional crane systems with uncertain effect. We consider an overhead crane system in which a trolly located on its top is moved to x- and y-axis independently. We first approximate the complicated crane model through linearization approach to simply construct a PD control and then design an adaptive control system for compensating modeling error and control deviation which is feasibly occurred due to system perturbation in practice. An adaptive control scheme is analytically derived using Lyapunov stability theory for a given bound of system perturbation. We accomplish numerical simulation for evaluation of the proposed control system and demonstrate its superiority comparing with the traditional control strategy.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제10권7호
• /
• pp.1520-1525
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 철강 회사의 기존 크레인의 위치 제어 시스템을 USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network)과 GPS(Global Positioning System) 시스템으로 대체하기 위한 시뮬레이션을 수행한 것이다. 크레인의 위치 제어 시스템을 지상국과 차상국의 통제 시스템으로 구분하였으며, 하드웨어 시스템은 GPS위성으로부터 크레인의 위치 제어 데이터를 수신하는 GPS 수신기 모듈, 지상국과 차상국 간 통신을 하기 위한 블루투스 통신 모듈, 크레인의 위치를 정밀하게 제어하는 초음파 센서 모듈, 크레인의 롤러를 대체한 모터, GPS 수신기 모듈과 블루투스 통신 모듈, 초음파 센서 모듈을 제어하는 임베디드 MCU (ATmega1/28L) 등으로 구성하였으며, 소프트웨어 시스템은 GPS 위성으로부터 GPS 수신기 모듈에 수신된 데이터 중 GGA 출력 문장을 필터링하기 위한 프로그램, 초음파 센서 구동프로그램, 크레인의 위치를 실시간으로 모니터링 할 수 있는 디지털 지도 프로그램 등으로 구성하였다. 제안한 시스템은 위치제어를 1cm 간격으로 정확하게 조절이 가능함을 실험을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2004년도 제5회 압연심포지엄 신 시장 개척을 위한 압연기술
• /
• pp.126-133
• /
• 2004

Lots of researches and applications on the automated overhead cranes in shops have been done for some decades, but a few successful results are reported. Integrated crane control systems designed by famous engineering companies are still expensive and are not satisfactory in view of maintenance and reliability. A more reasonable control system fit to requirements of manufacturing industries is suggested in the study. The new deigned system has superior capabilities for anti-sway of rope and position control. The controller for automated operations is composed of a Linux-based PC for non real-time control and a high-speed PLC for hard real-time control. Some algorithms required for coil yard operations as well as main control algorithms such as reference position generation, position control and anti-sway control have been designed and fully tested on the new crane simulator. The designed crane control system showed satisfactory performance on position control accuracy and anti-sway of rope. The maximum positional error is 8mm and the maximum sway error is 0.1 degrees. The suggested control strategies have been successfully applied to the 10-1 crane in No. 4 CGL of in the Kwangyang Steel Works and in commercial operation.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2005

This paper investigates the constant-level luffing and time optimal control of jib cranes. The constant-level luffing, which is the sustainment of the load at a constant height during luffing, is achieved by analyzing the kinematic relationship between the angular displacement of a boom and that of the main hoist motor of a jib crane. Under the assumption that the main body of the crane does not rotate, the equations of motion of the boom are derived using Newton's Second Law. The dynamic equations for the crane system are highly nonlinear; therefore, they are linearized under the small angular motion of the load to apply linear control theory. This paper investigates the time optimal control from the perspective of no-sway at a target point. A stepped velocity pattern is used to design the moving path of the jib crane. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the time optimal control, in terms of anti-sway motion of the load, while luffing the crane.