• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2001

목 적 : 1996년부터 1998년까지 3년 동안 포항지역에서 집중 발생한 무균성 뇌막염의 역학 및 임상 양상을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1996년부터 1998년까지 포항성모병원에 입원하여 무균성 뇌막염으로 진단 후 치료받은 192례의 환아를 대상으로 임상 증상, 검사 소견에 관해 검토하였다. 결 과 : 남녀 환아의 비는 1.91 : 1이었으며, 유행시기는 1996년은 주로 8월(75.7%) 1997년과 1998년은 주로 7, 8월에 집중되어 발생하였다. 말초 혈액 소견상 백혈구 수는 $5,001{\sim}20,000/mm^3$ 사이가 93.3%로 대부분을 차지하였고 적혈구침강속도는 약간 증가된 소견을 보였으며, CRP는 2+ 이하가 93.2%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 뇌척수액 백혈구 수는 $500/mm^3$ 이하가 88.0%, 뇌척수액 단백은 40 mg/dL 미만이 61.5%, 뇌척수액 당은 40 mg/dL 초과가 94.3%로 대부분이 정상 범위이었다. 임상 증상의 빈도는 발열, 구토, 두통, 복통의 순이었다. 평균 발열 기간은 3.8일이었으며 임상 경과는 전 예가 특별한 후유증이나 합병증 없이 회복되었다. 요추천자 후 요통 발생 빈도는 31.2%이었고, 요통의 평균 지속 기간은 1.87일이었다. 결 론 : 포항성모병원에서 1996년부터 1998년까지 입원 치료받은 무균성 뇌막염 환아를 검토한 결과, 원인 바이러스는 밝혀내지 못했으나 무균성 뇌막염의 임상 증상 및 발생 연령, 발생 시기, 뇌척수액 검사 소견, 요추천자 후 요통 발생 빈도 등은 다른 연구와 비교하여 볼 때 큰 차이가 없었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.619-628
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• 2022

일반적으로 의료기관에서 요로감염을 확인하기 위한 방법으로 요검사(urinalysis)와 항균제 감수성 검사가 포함된 소변배양(urine culture)을 시행한다. 소변 검체는 채집하기 전에 요도 및 회음부 주변을 소독하는 것이 중요하며, 첫 소변이 아닌 중간소변으로 채집하는 것이 중요하다. 첫 소변과 중간소변을 자동으로 쉽게 분리할 수 있는 특허컵(특허 제10-1732843호)을 발명하였고 이를 이용하여 특허컵과 일반컵을 비교 평가하였다. 특허컵으로 분리한 첫 소변(N=24), 중간소변(N=24)의 nitrite (P<0.001), WBC (P=0.005), 세균 colony 수 (P=0.001), colony 양성률 (P=0.004) 으로 유의한 높은 수치를 얻었다. 이는 특허컵을 이용하여 분리한 첫 소변과 중간소변이 잘 분리되었음을 알 수 있다. 또한 특허컵을 이용하여 분리한 중간소변(N=24)이 일반컵을 이용하여 채집한 중간소변(N=24) 보다 세균 colony 수가 통계적으로 유의하게 많았다(평균 7.9개 vs 평균 4.0개, P=0.002). 이는 특허컵을 이용하여 분리한 중간소변이 일반컵을 이용하여 채집한 중간소변 보다 요로감염검사에 대해 민감도(sensitivity)가 높다는 것을 의미한다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2000

연구배경 : 결핵치료중 단독 백혈구감소증은 비교척 드물게 발생하지만 치료면에서 임상적으로 중요한 의미를 가진다. 불필요하게 약제를 변경하면 치료기간이 길어지고, 이로 인하여 치료에 대한 순응도가 낮아지고 완치율이 감소할 수 있기 때문이다. 그러나 항결핵요법 중에 발생하는 백혈구감소증에 대한 적절한 치료지침이 없는 실정이다. 따라서 저자들은 결핵치료 중 발생한 경 중등중 백혈구감소증의 추이를 관찰하고, 같은 약제를 계속 사용할 수 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 1월부터 1999년 8월사이에 단기 항결핵요법을 시행한 환자중에서 치료중 경 중둥증의 단독 백혈구감소증이 발생하였으나 지속적으로 같은 약제를 투여한 36명의 환자중, 추적검사에서 탈락된 1명을 제외한 35명(25명은 전향적, 10명은 후향적 방법)을 대상으로 하였다. 백혈구감소증을 유발할 수 있는 다른 조건이 있는 환자는 연구대상에서 제외하였다. '경 중동증의 단독 백혈구감소증'은 백혈구 수가 $2,000-3,499/mm^3$ 사이이고, 다른 혈액학적 이상이 없는 경우로 임의로 정의하였다. 전향적 연구는 치료 중 경 중등증의 백혈구감소증이 발생하였을 때 같은 약제를 지속적으로 사용하면서 CBC를 3-7일 간격으로 검사하였고, 빽혈구수가 $2,000/mm^3$ 미만으로 감소하거나 감염성 합병증이 발생하는 경우에는 약제를 변경하기로 하였다. 결 과 : 1) 35명 모두 같은 약제로 지속적으로 치료하면서 백혈구수가 $2,000/mm^3$미만으로 감소하거나 다른 합병증없이 치료를 종료하였다. 2) 치료 시작부터 백혈구 감소증이 처음 발견될 시점까지 기간은 평균 $64{\pm}65$일이었다. 3) 치료 전 평균 백혈구수는 $5,021{\pm}1,605/mm^3$, 최저치는 $2,911{\pm}395/mm^3$ 이었으며 치료종료 후 회복되었다($4,248{\pm}1,270/mm^3$, p<0.05). 4) 백혈구감소의 주된 원인은 중성구의 감소이었다($3,319{\pm}1,747$ vs. $1,485{\pm}396/mm^3$, p<0.05). 결 론 : 1차약제 단기 항결핵치료 중 경 중둥증($2,000-3,499/mm^3$)의 단독 백혈구감소증이 발생하였을 때, 치료약제 변경없이 백혈구수를 추적검사하면서 지속적으로 같은 약제를 사용하여도 무사히 치료를 종료할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1399-1405
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• 2013

The present study focused on establishing the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) on interleukin-18 (IL-18) expression patterns and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant rats. Pregnant rats at the post-implantation stage were randomized into control, low IFN-${\gamma}$ (L-IFN-${\gamma}$) and high IFN-${\gamma}$ groups (H-IFN-${\gamma}$) that received normal saline, 100 IU/g of IFN-${\gamma}$ and 500 IU/g of IFN-${\gamma}$ vaginal muscular injection, respectively. The effects of IFN-${\gamma}$ on IL-18 expression and pregnancy outcomes were assessed systematically using several methods, including immunohistochemistry streptavidin-perosidase (SP), image pattern analysis, enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA), whole blood count (WBC) count, microscopy and visual observation. IL-18 was detected in the uteri of all pregnant rats, and mainly distributed in the endometrium, decidual cells, vascular endothelium and myometrium. Immunohistochemistry and image pattern analyses revealed significantly lower IL-18 expression in the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group compared to the L-IFN-${\gamma}$ and control groups (p<0.01), indicating that high doses of IFN-${\gamma}$ induce downregulation of IL-18 in the uterus of pregnant rats. ELISA results disclosed that IL-18 expression in peripheral blood of the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group was lower than that of the L-IFN-${\gamma}$ group (p<0.05), and significantly reduced compared to the control group (p<0.01). Moreover, the number of peripheral leukocytes in the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group was significantly higher than those in the control and L-IFN-${\gamma}$ groups (p<0.01). Morphology analysis showed no evident differences between the L-IFN-${\gamma}$ and control groups. However, for the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group, uterine mucosa bleeding, necrosis and excoriation were observed using microscopy. Visual observation revealed marroon, swelling, crassitude and no embryo in the uterus, which are obvious indicators of abortion. These results indicate that IFN-${\gamma}$ plays a regulatory role in IL-18 expression in the uterus and peripheral blood of pregnant rats at the post-implantation stage. Moreover, high levels (500 IU/g) of IFN-${\gamma}$ influence normal pregnancy at the early stages in rats by downregulating IL-18 expression in the uterus and peripheral blood and increasing the number of peripheral leukocytes, consequently triggering termination of pregnancy.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.270-287
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• 2009

Objective : Yinjinchunggan-tang(YJCGT) is reported previously as having theraputic effects on hepatitis such as anti-implammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-viral(HBV), etc. Though this prescription is not studied on its anti-fibrogenic effect, it is still expected to have the effect in the liver. Thus, this study was performed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect of YJCGT on thioacetamide(TAA)-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Method: Rat liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal TAA injection(150mg/kg) 3 times a week for 5 weeks. After the YJCGT (YJCGT 1g/kg, YJCGT 2g/kg)-treatment, body weight, liver and spleen weights, liver function test, the complete blood count and the portal pressure were studied. In addition, gene expressions of ASMA, procollagen type Ia2, MMP2, TIMP1 and TIMP2, all of which are known to be associated with liver fibrosis, were analyzed by RT-PCR. After YJCGT (YJCGT 1g/kg, YJCGT 2g/kg) treatment, percentages of collagen in TAA-induced rat liver tissue were measured by image analyzer. Results : The body weight of the normal group increased more than that of the control and YJCGT-treated groups. The AST level of the YJCGT lg/kg-treated group significantly decreased compared to that of the control. The ALT and the GGT levels of the YJCGT 2g/kg-treated group significantly increased compared to those of the control. In the YJCGT-treated groups. WBC, RBC and Hgb elevated by TAA injection decreased but platelet count increased. In the YJCGT lg/kg-treated group, the portal pressure elevated by TAA injection significantly decreased. The significant decreases in the gene expressions of procollagen type Ia2, MMP2 and TIMP2 were observed in the YJCGT-treated groups. In histological findings. TAA injections caused severe liver fibrosis, but the YJCGT treatment significantly reduced the amounts of hepatic collagens. Conclusions: These results suggest that YJCGT has beneficial effects on the treatment of patients with liver cirrhosis as well as chronic hepatitis. Further study should be done to decide the optimal concentration of the YJCGT for the treatment of liver cirrhosis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine if Bee Venom Acupuncture may be effective to the neuropathic pain(mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia) in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods : To produce the model of neuropathic pain, under isoflurane 2.5% anesthesia, tibial nerve and sural nerve was resected. After the neuropathic surgery, the author examined if the animals exhibited the behavioral signs of alloynia. The allodynia was assessed by stimulating the medial malleolus with von Frey filament and acetone. Three weeks after the neuropathic surgery, Bee Venom Acupuncture was injected at Hwando(GB30) one time a day for one week. After that, the author examined the withdrawl response of neuropathic rats' legs by yon Frey filament and acetone stimulation. And also the author examined c-Fos in the midbrain central gray of neuropathic rats and the change of WBC count in the blood of neuropathic rats. Results : The Bee Venom Acupuncture injected Hwando(GB30) decreased the withdrawl response of mechanical allodynia in BV-2, BV-3 group as compared with control group. The Bee Venom Acupuncture injected Hwando(GB30) decreased the withdrawl response of chemical allodynia(cold allodynia) in BV-2, BV-3 group as compared with control group. The Bee Venom Acupuncture injected Hwando(GB30) showed the significant difference between control group and BV-2 group, control group and BV-3 group in the c-Fos expression and U count. Conclusion : We have noticed that Bee Venom Acupuncture at Hwando(GB30) decreased mechanical allodynia and cold allodynia in the model of neuropathic pain compared with the control group. C-Fos expression in the central gray of that group was also decreased compared with the control group. Psin control using Bee Venom Acupuncture was accumulated as time goes by. This study can be used as a basic resource on a study and a treatment of pain.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2006

Changes in hematology and serum biochemistry after treatment of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO, HM10760) were screened in 4 male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Four monkeys, composed of a treatment group of HM10760 and a positive control group of $Aranesp^(R}$, were subcutaneously administered at same dose of $100{\mu}g/kg$. Both groups did not show any change in body weights and food consumption for 4 weeks compared with those of pretreatment. Both groups did not show any change in total leukocyte count (WBC) and platelet count, while both groups showed increased platelet distribution width (PDW) percentage in HM10760 group during a period from day 5 to day 59 and in $Aranesp^(R}$ group during a period from day 9 to day 26. Both groups showed increases in red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT) approximately 10 days after treatment compared with those of pretreatment (day 0). The increased levels of RBC, HGB, and HCT were much higher in HM10760 than in $Aranesp^(R}$ by the increases of $3.2%{\sim}12.5%$ for RBC, $3.8%{\sim}17.1%$ for HCT, and $1.85%{\sim}11%$ for HGB. Both groups showed increases in red cells distribution width (RDW) and reticulocyte (RET) compared with those of pretreatment, showing the highest peak from day 9. The increased level of RET lasted up to day 14 in $Aranesp^(R}$ group, while it lasted up to day 23 in HM10760 group. The increased level of RDW lasted up to day 59, it was much higher in HM10760 by the increase of $10.1%{\sim}17.6%$ than in $Aranesp^(R}$ group. In serum biochemistry, both groups showed a decrease in chloride level compared with those of pretreatment. These findings indicated that HM10760 increased RBC, HGB, HCT, RDW, and RET compared with those of pretreatment, and the increased levels were much higher in HM10760 than in $Aranesp^(R}$.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.142-162
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• 2014

Objectives: To evaluate the critical environmental factors on healthy-aging of Korean people, we investigated the significant factors influencing health status of septuagenarians living in rural area of Jeonla province, known to be one of the representative longevity regions in Korea. Methods: We divided subjects into healthy group (36M/25F) or poor-health group (26M/73F) based on self-reported health status, body mass index, a number of prescription, and blood test data. General characteristics, physical measurements, lifestyle, dietary behavior and nutrient intake, physical health and mental health data were statistically compared between the two groups. Results: Average age was not different between healthy group and poor-health group in men and women, respectively. In men, significantly favorable factors to health were observed to be higher education, regular exercise, higher grip strength and walking function, body mass index (${\geq}18.5kg/m^2$), moderate frequency of drinking and eating-out, non-smoking, normal red blood cell (RBC) count, higher serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) level, good digestive function and appetite, normal hearing function, regular meals, adequate vegetable and fruit intake, diverse food intake, adequate energy and nutrients (protein, vitamin $B_1$, $B_6$, C and E, folate, niacin, P, Zn and K) intake, higher mini-nutrient status assessment (MNA) score and low level of depression. On the other hand, in women, those were literacy, living arrangement, moderate frequency of drinking, healthy teeth, higher grip strength and walking function, bone mineral density, normal RBC and white blood cell (WBC) count, higher DHEAS concentration, higher MNA score, normal cognition and memory function, having snack and adequate fruit intake. Conclusions: These results could be useful to plan effective strategies to increase health-life expectancy of Korean old people living in rural areas.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.279-284
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• 1988

Observations were made on the blood picture of 50 multiparous and 98 infertile cows. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows. 1. Mean values of RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelets for normal multiparous cows were $6.87{\pm}0.84{\times}10^6/mm^3$, $10.3{\pm}1.3g/100ml$, $31.4{\pm}3.7ml/100ml$, $46.1{\pm}6.9{\mu}^3$, $15.3{\pm}2.6pg$, $34{\pm}2.7%$, and $372.7{\pm}304.7{\times}10^3/mm^3$ respectively. 2. Mean values of RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelets for infertile cows were $7.00{\pm}0.98{\times}10^6/mm^3$, $10.6{\pm}1.2g/100ml$, $32.1{\pm}3.6ml/100ml$, $45.8{\pm}6.7{\mu}^3$, $15.3{\pm}1.8pg$, $33.9{\pm}3.3%$, and $382.7{\pm}157.5{\times}10^3/mm^3$, respectively. 3. Mean values of WBC count for normal multiparous and infertile cows were $7.92{\pm}1.72$ and $9.04{\pm}2.87{\times}10^3/mm^3$ respectively. 4. In the differential leukocytes count, mean values of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils for normal multiparous cows were $29.7{\pm}7.9%$, $56.8{\pm}7.6%$, $2.9{\pm}1.9%$, $9.9{\pm}5.3%$ and $0.3{\pm}0.7%$, respectively, and mean values of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils for infertile cows were $31.9{\pm}7.8%$, $57.5{\pm}7.9%$, $2.6{\pm}1.9%$, $7.5{\pm}4.8%$, and $0.4{\pm}0.2%$, respectively.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.613-619
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• 2001

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) on 25 patients who have suffered from alcoholic liver disease. Methods: Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) was administered to patients for over 1 months continuously. We checked improvement of clinical symptoms, changes of chemistry hematological test and especially lymphocyte count. Results: The results obtained are summarized as follows. Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) has significant effect on the improvement of clinical symptoms. And the improvement ratio of AST, ALT, ${\gamma}$-GTP was 77.8%, 61.5%, 76.2%. In patients with alcohoiic hepatitis, WBC was increased effectively within normal range and those with liver cirrhosis, All of the patients with the inverted ratio of lymphocyte was improved. Conclusions: From the above results, it is suggested that Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) have significant effects on recovery of liver malfunction and immune modulation, and also could be recommended as a prescription for alcoholic liver disease.