• Plant Resources
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 1999

In vitro shoot regeneration from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants derived from germinating mature Impatiens seeds. The induction of organogenetic tissue was also influenced by the cotyledon and hypocotyl. Multiple shoot induction was higher in hypocotyl than in the cotyledon explant with Thidiazuron and a NAA medium.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2008

Isoflavone content in various parts of six soybean cultivars and soybean sprout during germination was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The parts analyzed were seed coat, cotyledon, and axis for seeds and whole sprout, root, hypocotyl, and cotyledon for sprout. Two cultivars, Aga3 which is known to have the smallest seed size and the highest isoflavone content among the Korean soybean cultivars and Pungsannamulkong which is the most widely being used as soy-sprout, were selected for sampling from 1 to 10 days after germination. At the same weight, the order of isoflavone content increased from seed coat to cotyledon to axis. The highest total isoflavone(isoflavone$\times$dry weight) content was observed in the cotyledon and the lowest in the seed coat. The cotyledon of the Aga3 variety had the highest total isoflavone content and the lowest was measured in the Pungsannamulkong variety. The highest total isoflavone content, $10,788{\mu}g/g$, was observed in whole sprouts(cotyledon+hypocotyl+root) on day 7 for Aga3. After day 7, there was a decreasing trend in isoflavone content as the germination period increased. Total isoflavone content in the cotyledon of Aga3 significantly increased after seed germination, whereas the isoflavone content in the cotyledon of Pungsannamulkong decreased. However, total isoflavone content in the root of both varieties increased while isoflavone content in the hypocotyls decreased after seed germination.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.30-39
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• 1998

Carrot seedling emgryos showing variations in cotyledon number were selected and anatomical comparisons of the embryo vascular systems were performed between the variants and normal two cotyledonary (5) embryos from 800 seedings germinated . Externally, all of the four and six cotyledonary embryos had two cotyledonary petioles. Each of the cotyledonary petioles divided into two or three on the upper part fo the petiole which result in four and six cotyledons, respectively. However, the embryos had three different cotyledonary petioles in the three cotyledonary embryos. On the basis of the pattern of vascular system, the four and six cotyledonary embryos had the same basic vascular system as fnormal two cotyledonary embryos, Therefore the cotyledon number abnormality could result from the branching split of the abnormally thickened upper part of the cotyledonary petiole. However, the three cotyledonaryembryos had a different vascular system from the normla two cotyledonary embryos. They could be regarded as different varieties form the two cotyledon embryos. All embryos observed had short cylindrical plumule sheath which formed by the fusion of the cotyledon bases. The presence of plumule sheath strontgly implied that the initiation of the cotyledons was not from the two localized primordia but from the circular proimordiu formed at the blobular stageof embryo, and it is not consistent with current views of cotyledon initiation. On the formation of the primary vascular system of carrot seedlings, it is suggested that the primary vascular system of the plumule was formed independently from that of the root-hypocotyle-cotyledon system.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.318-322
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• 2019

유근과 자엽 부위에 기계적 상처를 준 사과종자의 발아율을 측정하였을 때 상처를 받지 않은 종자에 비하여 발아율이 증가되었으며, 상처부위와 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 ¾자엽 부위를 갖는 배(¾CE), ½자엽 부위를 갖는 배(½CE), ¼자엽 부위를 갖는 배(¼CE) 그리고 자엽을 완전히 제거한 배(NCE)의 발아율은 정상적인 자엽을 갖는 배에 비해 감소하였으며, 감소된 발아율은 영양분으로서 MS용액과 적정 농도의 호르몬, 즉 GA₃가 단독 혹은 혼용 첨가된 한천배지에서 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 자엽 제거에 의해 사과의 발아율이 감소되며, 그 감소된 발아율은 GA₃ (80 mg/L)와MS용액에 의해 상당히 회복됨을 보여주었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.511-515
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• 2013

멜론으로부터 체세포배를 얻기 위하여 유식물체의 배축 절편을 1 mg/L 2,4-D와 0.5 mg/L BA가 혼합첨가된 MS배지 치상하여 6주 동안 배양하였다. 배축절편으로부터 연한 노란색의 부드러운 캘러스 형성을 거쳐 형성된 체세포배중에는 2개의 자엽을 갖는 정상적인 형태의 체세포배(26%)와 합생 자엽을 갖는 나팔형의 비 정상적인 체세포배(74%)가 관찰되었다. 정상 체세포배의 하배축 부위에서는 원형의 전형성층 조직이 발달되었고, 자엽 절 부위로 이동되면서 점차 독립적으로 나뉘어져 자엽에서는 완전히 2개의 전형성층 조직으로 분화하였다. 그러나 합생 자엽을 갖는 나팔형의 체세포배에서는 하배축에서 발달된 원형의 전형층조직이 자엽 절과 자엽부위에서도 원형의 전형성층 조직으로 연결되어 있었다. 또한 2개의 자엽을 갖는 정상 및 합생 자엽을 갖는 비 정상 체세포배 tunica-corpus구조를 볼 수 없었으며 전형적인 dome구조도 관찰할 수 없었다. 이러한 결과는 체세포배에서 전형성층 조직의 분화는 자엽형성 및 유경조직 형성과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 추측할 수 있다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.778-782
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• 2005

Analysis of black soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.; 59 Korean varieties] revealed that 100-seed weights of green cotyledon seeds (33.5 g, n=31) were higher than those of yellow ones (28.9 g, n=28). Contents of delphinidin-3-glucoside (D3G), cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), petunidin-3-glucoside (P3G), and total anthocyanins in seed coats of black soybeans were 0.03-4.15, 0.74-18.36, 0.02-1.60, and 0.87-23.52 mg/g, respectively, among which most prominent anthocyanin was C3G (80.9% of total content), followed by D3G (13.6%) and P3G (5.5%). No significant differences were observed in color parameters $a^*$ and $b^*$ between black soybeans with yellow cotyledon (BYC) and green cotyledon (BGC). Total isoflavone content of BGC was higher than that of BYC, and negative correlation was found between total anthocyanin and isoflavone contents.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.177-185
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• 1994

Slow seedling growth rate and nodulation failure of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) has been limited its good establishment to pastures. The experiment was done to determine the effect of removal of cotyledon and unifoliolate on the shoot, root growth, and nodule formation of 4 white clover cultivars for 8 weeks after the treatment. Four white clover cv. Regal (large leaf), Louisiana S-I (medium-large leaf), Grasslands Huia (mediumsmall leaf), and Aberystwyth S184 (small leaf), were grown in IOcm plastic pot containing 2:l:l soi1:sand:peat moss mixture until grown to cotyledon or unifoliolate stage and then removed one (Cl) or two cotyledons (C2) at cotyledon stage, and unifoliolate only (U), unifoliolate and one cotyledon (UCl) or unifoliolate and two cotyledons (UC2) at the unifoliolate stage, and the plants were sampled at 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the treatments. The intact plants had greater shoot and root dry weights, and no. of nodules than removal-treated ones. Removal treatments at cotyledon stage, the dry weight and no. of nodules more decreased in C1 and C2 than that of unifoliolate stage. While the severer cotyledon removal, the more reduction. Although the dry weights and no. of nodules steadily inclined with regrowing period, the former were higher in Regal and La. S-1 than in the others since 6 weeks after removal treatment but the latter was more in S 184 than in the others 8 weeks after removal treatment. Relationship between no. of nodules and shoot or root dry weight was analysed as linear mode while the earlier and severe removal, the steeper slope. It was concluded that severer damage of cotyledon and unifoliolate had detrimental effects on the shoot and root growth, nodule formation, and aftermath establishment of white clover.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.158-161
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• 1991

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis, follow by enzyrne-specific staining, separate and visualize several legume esterase isozyme. Using extracts prepared from cotyledon, radicle and plumule of legume seedlings germinated 5 days. The results were as follows. 1. The number and staining intensity of esterase isozyme bands varies depending on the plant species. tissues and developmental stage. 2. Bands in the cotyledon of field bean seedling expressed 4 and 1 in radicle. 3. In soybean cultivars, cotyledon of IIwangkum-kong had 3 bands and 1 band in the examined tissues of Paldal-kong and Jangkyung-kong seedling. 4. The cotyledon and radicle of french bean seedling had 3 bands, respectively. 5. The highest esterase isozyme activity appears to be expressed in the cotyledon and radicle of french bean, as indicated by intensity of stain, with the Paldal-kong particulary active.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 1998

당근(Daucus carota L cv. Hongshim)의 체세포배를 MS 기본배지에서 4주간 현탁배양하여 얻어진 유식물들은 자엽수에 따라 유형별로 구별되었고, paraffin method에 의한 영구표본을 제작하여 유관속 구조를 관찰하였다. 자엽의 엽육은 책상조직과 해면조직으로 뚜렷한 분화가 되어 있지 않았다. 모든 유형의 자엽에서 유관속은 독립된 병립유관속으로 배열되어 있지 않고, 서로 연결되어 있거나 부분적으로 연결되어 있다. 자엽기부는 대부분의 유형에서 짧은 원통상 구조를 보인다. 자엽기부와 자엽절에서 유관속의 배열은 주발형자엽 및 1자엽배에서는 환상으로 연결되므로서 외사관상중심주의 형태를 보이는 경우가 많고, 5자엽배에서도 가끔 관찰되었다. 2자엽, 3자엽 및 4자엽배의 자엽기부와 자엽절에서는 주로 독립적으로 배열된 진정중심주가 관찰되었다. 배축에서 유관속의 배열은 주발형자엽, 1자엽 및 5자엽배에서는 4-6원형 목부가, 2자엽배에서는 4원형 목부가 많고, 3자엽배에서는 3원형 목부가 많았다. 자엽절-배축에는 대부분의 경우에 피층유관속이 산재하며, 드물게 이중유관속도 나타난다. 2자엽배에서는 대부분이 2원형 목부이며, 3자엽배에서는 3원형 목부가 절반정도 관찰되며, 나머지에서도 주로 2원형 목부이지만 드물게 4원형 목부도 관찰되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2021

2% 알진산으로 캡슐화하여 만든 사과 인공종자의 발아 연구를 위하여 자엽을 부분적으로 제거한 후 영양분과 지베렐린을 단독 또는 조합처리한 알진산으로 캡슐화하여 발아율을 측정하였다. 3/4자엽 배(3/4 CE), 1/2자엽 배(1/2 CE), 1/4자엽 배(1/4 CE), 그리고 자엽을 완전히 제거한 배(NCE)로 만든 인공종자는 정상배로 만든 인공종자의 발아율 82.31%에 비하여 최대 24.44%까지 감소하였으며, 그 감소한 발아율은 MS영양분과 지베렐린 처리에 의해 상당히 회복되었다. 특히, 알진산 단독에서 1/2 자엽을 갖는 인공종자의 낮아진 발아율(55.81%)은 3% sucrose와 80 mg/L 지베렐린 조합처리에 의해 98.74%까지 증가하였다. 자엽이 없는 인공종자의 경우 낮아진 발아율(24.44%)은 MS용액과 80 mg/L 지베렐린 조합처리에서 82.45%까지 회복되었다. 이러한 결과는 배의 발아율이 자엽의 부분적 제거에 의해 억제되었고, 그 감소된 발아율은 영양분과 지베렐린 처리에 의해 상당히 회복될 수 있음을 보여 주었다.