• 한국정보컨버전스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보컨버전스학회 2008년도 International conference on information convergence
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• pp.99-102
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• 2008

Mineralogical studies of ore and alteration minerals have been conducted for the Hugo Dummett porphyry copper deposit. The Hugo Dummett porphyry copper gold deposit is located in the South Gobi region, Mongolia and currently being explored. This deposit divided into the Cu-rich Hugo Dummett South and the Cu-Au-rich Hugo Dummett North deposits. The Hugo Dummett deposits contain 1.08% copper(1.16 billion tonnes in total) and 0.23 g/t gold(Oyunchimeg et al., 2006). Copper-gold mineralization at these deposit are centered on a high-grade copper(typically>2.5%) and gold(0.5-2 g/t) zone of intense quartz stockwork veining. The high grade copper and gold zone is mainly within the Late Devonian quartz monzodiorite intrusions and augite basalt, also locally occurs in dacitic rocks. Intense quartz veining forms a lens up to 100 m wide hosted by augite basalt and partly by quartz monzodiorite. Although many explorations have been carried out, only a few scientific works were done in the Oyu Tolgoi mining area. Therefore the nature of copper-gold mineralization and orgin of the deposit is not fully understood. Copper-gold mineralization in the Hugo Dummett deposits occurs in dominantly quartz monzodiorite and minor augite basalt, dacitic rocks and locally biotite granodiorite. Chalcopyrite, pyrite, bornite, molybdenite, tennantite, tetrahedrite, enargite, sphalerite, chalcocite, covellite, eugenite, galena and gold occur as main ore minerals in the Hugo Dummett North and South deposits. These sulfides occur as: (1) a vague vein-like trail 1-3cm long and 2-3 mm wide, (2) minute, discontinuous cracks within quartz(micron scales), and (3) irregular blebs/spots(micron scales)and (4) disseminated within the sericite and plagioclase, commonly concentrated in the quartz. Sulfide minerals commonly display as a replacement, intergrown and minor exsolution texture in the both of the Hugo Dummet deposits.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2019

구리는 뛰어난 전기전도성 및 열전달 특성으로 인해 많은 전자기기 및 건축 부품에 활용되고 있고 니켈 등 다른 도금의 밑 도금으로 사용되는 등 현대 산업에서 필수적으로 사용되는 소재이다. 뿐만 아니라 차세대 산업군에서 배선, 센서, 데이터 장비의 사용량과 중요도가 더욱 커지면서 그 활용도가 더욱 커질 것으로 예상됨에도 불구하고 유럽발 경제위기, 중국 경제 저성장 기조, 트럼프 대통령의 공공 산업설비 투자 공약 등에 따라 가격이 급동하는 추세를 보여 안정적인 수급 확보 및 자원관리에 어려움을 겪는 실정이다. 국내 구리 사용량의 거의 대부분을 전기동을 이용하여 사용하기 때문에 본 연구에서는 상용화 되고 있는 구리 재활용 기술과 연구 단계에 머물고 있는 구리 재활용 기술을 구분하여 각각의 기술적 수준을 파악하였다. 이를 통해 각 공정별 특징과 향후 기술개발이 요구되는 분야를 고찰해 보고자 하였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.107-124
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• 1985

More than fifty copper veins are emplaced around late Cretaceous granitoid stock in Haman-Gunbuk district, southernmost part of Korea. These veins cut both late Cretaceous granitoids and hornfels of Jindong formation which is intruded by the granitoids. The paragenesis of veins is nearly the same, consisting of (1) an early vein stage in which most iron oxide minerals, tourmaline and other silitcate minerals were deposited, (2) a calcite and quartz with base·metal sulfide stage and (3) late vein lets of barren calcite stage. Fluid inclusion studies reveal highly systematic trends of salinity and temperature during mineralization. Ore fluids of early vein stage were complex NaCl-KCl rich brines. Salinities of polyphase inclusions in quartz and scapolite in thie stage reached up to 72 wt.% and gradually decreased to 10.5wt. % in closing stage. Homogenization temperatures of inclusions in the beginning of this stage were up to $490^{\circ}C$ and then declined steadly to $290^{\circ}C$ in the late stage. Salinities of fluid inclusions in quartz and calcite of base·metal sulfide stage were 37.4~5.7wt. % and homogenization temperatures range from $373^{\circ}C$ to $170^{\circ}C$. Intermittent boiling of early vein fluid is indicated by fluid inclusions in quartz. Potassic alteration of granodiorite adjacent to early vein seems to be related to early saline vein fluid. Fluid inclusion data of base-metal sulfide stage of this area reveal nearly the same range as those of Koseong copper mining district about 30km apart from this area.

• 분석과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.471-476
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• 1994

PIXE(양성자 유발 X-선 발생) 분석법을 이용한 박막 두께 측정의 가능성을 알아보기 위하여, 구리판 위에 코팅된 금 박막 시료들을 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 두 가지 실험방법을 사용하여 분석을 하였으며, 결과를 비교하여 보았다. 또한 분석 결과의 정확성을 확인하기 위하여 무게측정 방법과 양성자 RBS 분석법에 의한 결과들과 비교하여 보았다. 이 분석 방법은 고고학 시료나 거대시료와 같이 진공 표적함에 집어 넣을 수 없는 경우에도 비파괴적으로 박막의 두께를 측정할 수 있는 장점을 갖고 있다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.115-119
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• 2003

Pollutants from industry, mining, agriculture, and other sources have contaminated sediments in many surface water bodies. Sediment contamination poses a severe threat to human health and environment because many toxic contaminants that are barely detectable in the water body can accumulate in sediment at much higher levels, the purpose of this study was to make convenient sampling method and optimal treatment of sediment for water quality improvement in reservoir or stream based on an evaluation of degree of contamination. Results for analysis of S-reservoir sediments were observed that copper concentration of almost areas were higher than the regulation of soil pollution (50 mg/1) for the riverbed. S-stream sediments were observed that copper, arsenic and TPH concentration of almost areas were exceeded soil pollution concerning levels for factorial areas. We used Remscreen(version. 1.0) program which is contaminated soil recovery program to select optimal treatment method of contaminant sediments. The result was shown in the order of Thermal Calcination > Excavation, Retrieval and Off-site Disposal(comparative less then contaminant) > Low Temperature Thermal Desorption + Solidification/Stabilization.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.309-312
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• 1969

A series of metal ion-2, 5-diamine 1, 4-dihydroxybenzene polymers containing copper(II), nickel(II) or cobalt (II) have been prepared. The structure was postulated on the basis of elementary analysis of polymers. It was found that copper polymer is most likely the coordination polymers by X-ray powder pattern studies. The thermal stability of the polymers was also studied by a simple method, utilizing a thermogravimetric balance. The order of thermal stabilities is Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II). The polymers start to decompose at a relatively low temperature.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2005

최근 중국 경제의 급속한 신장은 우리에게 큰 관심사항 중 하나이다. 중국은 13억이란 인구와 함께 풍부한 자원, 방대한 영토를 보유하고 있을 뿐 아니라 기초 기술력도 비교적 탄탄하여 동북아시대를 준비하는 우리나라에게 중국 경제의 성장은 매우 심도 있게 연구하여야 할 과제이다. 특히, 중국은 자원이 풍부할 뿐 아니라 산업의 기본이 되는 자원관련 기술도 발달하였는데 중국 경제 성장 속에는 강서 동업집단공사, 호남 주야화거 금속주식유한공사 등 거대한 자원관련 기업들의 성장이 큰 역할을 하고 있음을 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.202-211
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• 2018

In this work, Fe-Pd alloy films have been electrodeposited on different substrates using an electrolyte containing $[Pd(NH_3)_4]^{2+}$ (0.02 M) and $[Fe-Citrate]^{2+}$ (0.2 M). The influences of substrate and overpotential on chemical composition, nucleation and growth kinetics as well as the electrodeposited films morphology have been investigated using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), current-time transients, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. In all substrates - brass, copper and sputtered fluorine doped tin oxide on glass (FTO/glass) - Fe content of the electrodeposited alloys increases by increasing the overpotential. Also the cathodic current efficiency is low due to high rate of $H_2$ co-reduction. Regarding the chronoamperometry current-time transients, it has been demonstrated that the nucleation mechanism is instantaneous with a typical three dimensional (3D) diffusion-controlled growth in the case of brass and copper substrates; while for FTO, the growth mode changes to 3D progressive. At a constant overpotential, the calculated number of active nucleation sites for metallic substrates is much higher than that of FTO/glass; however by increasing the overpotential, the number of active nucleation sites increases. The SEM micrographs as well as the XRD patterns reveal the formation of Fe-Pd alloy thin films with nanostructure arrangement and ultra-fine grains.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.252-261
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• 2022

Cobalt is a vital metal in the modern society because of its applications in lithium-ion batteries, super alloys, hard metals, and catalysts. Further, cobalt is a representative rare metal and is the 30th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. This study reviews the current status of cobalt extraction and recycling processes, along with the trends in its production amount and use. Although cobalt occurs in a wide range of minerals, such as oxides and sulfides of copper and nickel ores, the amounts of cobalt in the minerals are too low to be extracted economically. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) leads cobalt mining, and accounts for 68.9 % of the global cobalt reserves (142,000 tons in 2020). Cobalt is mainly extracted from copper-cobalt and nickel-cobalt concentrates and is occasionally extracted directly from the ore itself by hydro-, pyro-, and electro-metallurgical processes. These smelting methods are essential for developing new recycling processes to extract cobalt from secondary resources. Cobalt is mainly recycled from lithium-ion batteries, spent catalysts, and cobalt alloys. The recycling methods for cobalt also depend on the type of secondary cobalt resource. Major recycling methods from secondary resources are applied in pyro- and hydrometallurgical processes.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2001

The Arctic consists of numerous sedimentary basins containing voluminous natural resources and two of the world's major oil and gas producing areas. The western Siberia Basin in the Arctic region has the largest petroliferous province with an area of 800 ${\times}$ 1,200 km and produces more than 60% of total Russian oil production. The North Slope of Alaska produces about 20% of the U.S. output, i.e., 11% of the total U.S. consumption. Being small compared to those regions, the Canadian Northwest Territories and the Pechora Basin in Russia produce only fair amount of oil and natural gas. There are also many promising areas in the northern continental shelf of Russia. In addition to Russia, Svalbard and Greenland have been investigated for oil and gas. Gas hydrates are widespread in both permafrost regions and arctic continental shelf areas. The reserves of gas hydrates in the Arctic Ocean are about 20${\sim}$32% of total estimated amounts of gas hydrates in the world ocean. Mineral mining is well developed, especially in Russia. The major centers are located around the Kuznetsk Basin and Noril'sk. They are major suppliers of gold, tin, nickel, copper, platinum, cobalt, iron ore, coal as well as apatite. There are also some minings of lead-zinc in Alaska and Arctic Canada.