• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.207-213
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• 1999

Thirty-eight glutinous rice varieties were classified into nine groups on the scatter diagram by the upper two principal components (56% contribution to the total information) based on eleven physicochemical characteristics including the viscograms and physical properties of cooked rice. The first principal component was the factor mainly associated with the viscogram characteristics of rice flour emulsion and the second was the factor chiefly related to the physical properties of cooked rice and water absorbability of rice grain. Indica glutinous rices were clearly distinguished from japonica ones by the first principal component score. Javanica glutinous rices were widely distributed on the intermediate zone between indica and japonica or on several japonica rice groups. Significant positive or negative correlations were found among water absorption rates of rice grain, physical properties of cooked rice, and viscogram characteristics of rice flour. Especially in japonica glutinous rices, the breakdown and setback viscosities of rice flour were closely associated with the alkali digestion value of milled rice and the stickiness of cooked rice. The frequency ratio of short glucose chains (A-chain) to intermediate glucose chains (B-chain), the ratio of B- chains to long glucose chains (C-chain) and the relative frequency of A- or B-chain fractions representing the amylopection structure of rice starch was closely associated with the breakdown and setback viscosities of rice flour.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.318-325
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• 2002

감귤과피 물 균질액으로 코팅한 유색미의 취반 특성을 조사하였다. 유색미의 색상은 진노랑L＊; 63.6, a＊; -7.87, b＊; 46.35)으로 취반 후에도 유사한 색상을 나타내었다. Total carotenoids는 감귤과피에서는 10.74mg%, 과피의 물 균질액에는 0.46mg% 이었으며 유색미에는 0.l2mg%, 유색미 취반에는 0.05mg%를 나타내었다. Hesperidin은 과피, 물 균질액, 유색미 및 유색미 취반에서 각각 2173.l2mg%, 108.65mg%, 21.73mg% 및 8.67mg%이었으며, naringin은 각각 1468.40mg%, 73.38mg%, 14.62mg% 및 5.87mg%를 나타내었다. 감귤과피의 유리아미노산은 asparagine이 94.22mg%로 가장 높았으며, methionine이 24.88mg%, alanine이19.64mg%, ${\gamma}$-aminoisobutylic acid가 15.37mg%로 이들 4종의 아미노산이 전체 유리아미노산 함량의 70%를 나타내었다. 유색미 취반에는 백미 취반에 비하여 총 유리아미노산의 함량이 15%정도 증가되었으며, 그 중에서 glutamic acid는 2.5배가 증가되었다. 감귤과피의 주요 무기질은 K(652.60mg%)와 Ca(222.50mg%)로 전체 무기질 함량의 86%를 차지하였으며 유색미 취반은 백미 취반에 비하여 K는 2.3배, Mn는 76%, Ct P, Mg은 16~26%, Fe는 13%가 각각 증가되었다. 취반의 경도(harness), 점착성(gum-miness) 및 깨짐성(brittleness)은 유색미 취반과 백미 취반간에 차이가 없으나 응집성(cohesiveness)과 탄력성(springiness)은 유색미 취반에서 높았다. 색상에 대한 기호도, 구수한 맛 및 종합적인 기호도는 유색미 취반에서 높았으며 단맛, 쓴맛은 백미 취반과 차이를 보이지 않았다.경우와 비슷한 좋은 결과를 보여 활동성 심내막염의 조기 외과적 치료가 효과적으로 감염을 제거할 수 있다고 사료된다.N-화합물의 함량과 이들의 수량에 미치는 붕소의 시비효과는 초종, 단파와 혼파재배, 그러고 추비의 시비조건에 따라서 차이가 있었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.561-570
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) jet on L. monocytogenes inactivation, quality characteristics, and genotoxicological safety of cooked egg white and yolk. APP treatment using He gas resulted in a 5 decimal reduction in the number of L. monocytogenes in cooked egg white, whereas that using $He+O_2$, $N_2$, and $N_2+O_2$ decreased the number further, and to undetectable levels. All treatments of cooked egg yolk resulted in undetectable levels of inoculated L. monocytogenes. There were no viable cells of total aerobic bacteria after APP treatment on day 0 while the control showed approximately 3-4 Log CFU/g. On day 7, the numbers of total aerobic bacteria had increased by approximately 3 log cycles in cooked egg white, but there were no viable cells in cooked egg yolk after 2 min of APP jet. APP treatment decreased the $L^*$-values of cooked egg white and yolk significantly on day 0. No significant sensory differences were found among the cooked egg white samples, whereas significant reductions in flavor, taste, and overall acceptability were found in cooked egg yolks treated with APP jets. SOS chromotest did not reveal the presence of genotoxic products following APP treatments of cooked egg white and yolk. Therefore, it can be concluded that APP jets can be used as a non-thermal means to enhance the safety and extend the shelf-life of cooked egg white and yolk.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.507-516
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• 2015

This study investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of wet noodles as well as their cooking properties following the addition of peanut sprout extract (PSE) and powder (PSP), which are known to contain a significant level of resveratrol. Wet noodles were prepared with 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% PSE and PSP. Quality characteristics such as increasing volume of noodle, water ratio, turbidity of cooking water and color, texture, and sensory evaluation were then assessed. Additionally, the total resveratrol content in the cooked noodles was analyzed by HPLC and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity. As the amount of PSE and PSP increased, the L value of wet and cooked noodles significantly decreased, whereas the a and b values increased (p<0.001). The L value of cooked noodles was significantly lower compared to wet noodles (p<0.001) whereas the a and b values were higher. For the cutting intensity properties of the cooked noodles, hardness was reduced with increasing amounts of PSE (p<0.001), and was significantly increased in proportion to the amount of PSP (p<0.05). Meanwhile, springiness was not significantly different in all groups. Total resveratrol content and free radical scavenging activity significantly increased in proportion to the amounts of PSE and PSP (p<0.001), especially in noodles containing 5%, 7.5% and 10% PSE and PSP. Finally, sensory evaluation of PSE noodle revealed that color, flavour, taste were significantly decreased (p<0.05). But there was no difference in overall acceptance among cooked noodles with 2.5% to 5% PSE comparison to the control. Sensory characteristics in the PSP noodle showed similar results. In conclusion, these findings suggest that peanut sprout extract and powder could be potentially used as functional food ingredients. In addition, up to 5% PSE and PSP can be substituted for wheat flour.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.653-667
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• 2018

This study evaluated the quality characteristics, the presence of polyphenolic compounds, and radical scavenging activity of rice cooked along with various mixed grains (barley, black soybean, adzuki beans, foxtail millet, proso millet, sorghum, glutinous rice) by following two different cooking methods (normal and pressure cooker). The amylogram and water characteristics of mixed grains showed significant differences based on the presence of different types of mixed grains. The chromaticity, palatability characteristics, presence of phenol compounds, and radical scavenging activity of rice cooked along with different mixed grains showed significant differences according to the nature of mixed grains. Total polyphenol contents of before cooking, cooked-rice added to mixed grains cooked in the normal cooker and a pressure cooker were 4.46~5.16, 0.58~0.93 and 0.65~0.96 mg GAE/g, and total flavonoid contents were 250.74~548.89, 129.26~207.04 and $127.41{\sim}218.15{\mu}g\;CE/g$, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of before cooking, cooked-rice added to mixed grains cooked in the normal cooker and a pressure cooker was 79.25~181.61, 22.07~53.64 and 7.51~39.97 mg TE/100 g, and ABTS radical scavenging activity was 203.25~328.24, 47.28~84.94 and 58.27~99.51 mg TE/100 g, respectively. Accordingly, it is necessary to different combinations of mixed grains according to the cooking method at home and grain industry.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.527-535
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the properties of wet noodle when different concentrations of Prunus mume juice were added to the wheat flour. The characteristics of wet noodle including cooking properties, color, mechanical texture properties, and sensory quality were determined. The compositions of Prunus mume were 88.19% moisture, 0.45% crude ash, 4.04% citric acid and 0.41% total sugars. The pH of Prunus mume was 2.76. The moisture absorption rate, weight, volume and turbidity of cooked noodles added with Prunus mume juice were lower than reference sample. When the amount of Prunus mume juice increased, the Hunter L(brightness) value, a(redness) value of cooked noodles decreased but b(yellowness) value increased. Instrumental rheological characteristics of wet noodle containing Prunus mume juice were measured with a texture analyzer. The hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, springiness and gumminess of wet noodle with 20% Prunus mume juice were higher than others. However, the hardness of cooked noodle decreased with the increase in the amount of Prunus mume juice into noodle. The adhesiveness, cohesiveness, springiness and gumminess of cooked noodles added with Prunus mume juice were higher than reference sample. The results of sensory evaluation of cooked noodles containing Prunus mume juice indicated that the appearance, color, taste and chewiness of the cooked noodle with 10% Prunus mume juice showed the higher preference than others. Based on cooking properties, rheological and sensory evaluation, addition of 10% Prunus mume juice suggested to be acceptable for processing wet noodle.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.278-285
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• 1997

계면활성제가 저장 중의 밥의 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 멥쌀인 동진벼와 찹쌀인 신선벼에 계면활성제폰 SSL, SE1670, Dimodan을 쌀 무게의 0.5% 농도로 첨가하여 취반한 다음 관능검사와 기계적 검사 및 노화정도를 측정하여 저장에 따른 계면활성제 첨가한 밥의 특성을 알아보았다 관능검사 결과 전체적인 선호도는 텍스쳐 특정치에 의해서 영향을 받으며 계면활성제 첨가로 저장 중의 거친 정도와 견고성이 낮고, 끈기와 질음성이 높은 값을 보였으며, 그 정도는 SE, SSL, Dimodan 첨가밥의 순서였다. 계면활성제를 첨가하여 취반한 밥의 저장에 따른 기계적인 특성은 견고성과 탄력성이 무첨가밥보다 유의차를 보이며 낮은 값을 나타내 계면활성제가 견고성을 감소시키는데 기여하였다. 노화도는 저장 1일에 노화도의 증가는 흰밥이 찰밥보다 노화가 빨리 진행되었고 그 정도는 두 종류의 밥 모두 SSL, SE, Dimodan 첨가밥, 무첨가밥의 순서였으며, 저장 1일에서 3일까지의 노화도의 증가는 더운밥에서 저장 1일까지 보다는 그 증가 정도가 완만했으며 흰밥과 찰밥 사이의 뚜렷한 차이는 없었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.563-569
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• 1995

쌀 단백질이 밥의 식미와 텍스쳐에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위하여 단백질 가수분해 효소와 이황화결합 환원제 처리가 밥의 텍스쳐에 미치는 효과에 대하여 시험하였다. 세 품종의 찰밥의 경도, 부착성, 탄력성 등은 유의한 차이가 있었다. 그 중 IR 36의 밥이 가장 단단하고 부착성이 적었다. 밥의 경도는 $4^{\circ}C$에서 12시간 저장한 후에 두드러지게 증가하였으며 경도와 부착성에 대한 품종별 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 단백질 가수분해 효소를 처리한 밥과 2-mercaptoethanol을 처리한 밥은 처리하지 않은 밥보다 밥의 수분 함량과 평윤 크기가 증가하였으며 경도의 감소와 부착성의 증가가 뚜렷하였고 관능검사에 의한 기호도가 향상되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.248-254
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• 2015

We conducted this study to investigate the amount of RS and cooking characteristics of the commercial extrusion-cooked noodles. Ten kinds of noodles were selected and grouped according to the storage conditions; dry noodles (3), refrigerated noodles (2), freeze noodles (4), and dry noodle made from wheat flour as a control (not extrusion-cooked). The total starch of commercial noodles ranged from 62.50% to 84.13%, Refrigerated Naengmyeon and dry Dangmyun had high proportions of total starch (respectively 84.13% and 80.13%, respectively). The amounts of apparent amylose ranged from 25.01% to 42.93% and RS ranged from 0.61% to 5.99%. A high proportion of the total starch was rendered digestible by extrusion cooking, and a small amount of RS remained in the samples. Dry Dangmyun had the highest percentages of RS (5.99%), followed by refrigerated Naengmyeon C (2.41%) and dry Jjolmyeon (1.94%), and those of the other noodles were lower than that of the control (1.86%). Cooking properties and texture measurements were evaluated. Cooking loss and turbidity of cooking water were highest in dry Jjolmyeon and dry Naengmyeon. There was little cooking loss in dry Dangmyun and freeze rice noodles. In particular, dry Dangmyun and refrigerated Naengmyeon C containing high amounts of RS and amylose had relatively high measurements of hardness and tensile strength.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.543-547
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of water extract of Gardenia jasminoides (WEGJ) on the sensory qualities, color value and shelf-life characteristics (pH, total no. of Bacillus and TBA value) of cooked rice. The total color difference(ΔE) was increased when WEGJ was added. The sensory dualities of cooked rice added with WEGJ had no significant difference in color, taste and torture compared with control group. The pH value of cooked rice addeded with 250 ppm and 500 ppm of WEGJ was less declined compared with control group. WEGJ at the concentration of 250 ppm and 500 ppm had an antimicrobial activity and WEGJ at 500ppm showed an antioxidant activity in cooked rice.