• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.234-238
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to measure nutrient digestibility and performance in broiler chicks fed diets based on normal and low viscosity rye or barley fed with and without enzyme (pentosanase and $\beta$-glucanase) during a 17 day growth trial. A total of 150 one-day old, male broiler chicks (5 birds per pen and 5 pens per treatment) were randomly assigned to one of six dietary treatments in a $3{\times}3$ factorial design experiment (3 cereals${\times}$2 enzyme levels). Digestibility coefficients were determined using chromic oxide. Digestibility coefficients for dry matter and crude protein were significantly (p=0.0001) higher for the barley-based diets than for any of the rye-based diets. Digestibility coefficients for gross energy did not differ (p>0.05) due to cereal grain. There were no differences in the digestibility coefficients for dry matter and gross energy between chicks fed normal and low viscosity rye. However, the digestibility coefficient for crude protein was higher (p=0.01) for the low viscosity rye compared with the normal viscosity rye. Addition of enzyme to the diet significantly (p=0.0001) increased digestibility coefficients for dry matter, crude protein and energy. There were no significant differences in weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion between birds fed barley or rye or between birds fed normal or low viscosity rye. Enzyme supplementation significantly improved (p=0.0001) weight gain, intake and feed conversion. The overall results of this experiment indicate that unsupplemented barley and rye do not support adequate growth rates in poultry. Enzyme supplementation dramatically improved broiler performance. In addition, genetic selection to reduce the viscosity of rye had only a modest effect on the nutritive value of rye for broilers.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 1995

중저준위 에너지 범위에서 방사선관리용측정기기의 에너지의존성에 대한 연구를 위하여 ISO에서 는 ISO표준 X선장을 발간하였으며, 또한 ANSI에서도 개인방사선측정 기기의 성능시험을 위하여 ANSI X선장을 제시 하였다. 그러나 X선 스펙트럼의 측정은 많은 시간이 소요될 뿐만 아니라 특히 측정 X선 스펙트럼에 unfolding이 수행된다면 매우 어려운 작업이 된다. 따라서 이론적인 방법에 의해 스펙트럼을 계산 예측하고 그 평균에너지 및 선량환산인자를 계산하는 것은 X선 실험제작에 필요한 시간, 노력 및 비용을 최소화 할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ISO Narrow series 및 ANSI X선장에 대하여 이론적으로 스펙트럼을 계산하였으며, 그에 의한 평균에너지와 선량당량혼산인자를 계산하였다. 본 계산에 의한 평균에너지 및 선량환산인자는 측정스펙트럼에 의한 ISO 및 X선장의 값과 잘 일치하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.441-448
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• 1994

Postweaning performance data were obtained on 187 group fed purebred Angus calves from 12 selected sires (six high and six low feed conversion sires) in 1985 and 1986. The objective of this portion of the study was to develop prediction equations for feed conversion from a stepwise regression analysis. Variables measured were on-test weight (ONTSTWT), on-test age (ONTSTAG), five weights by 28-d periods, seven linear body measurements: heart girth (HG), hip height (HH), head width (HDW), head length (HDL), muzzle circumference (MC), length between hooks and pins (HOPIN) and length between shoulder and hooks (SHHO), and backfat thickness (BF). Stepwise regressions for maintenance adjusted feed conversion (ADJFC) and unadjusted feed conversion (UNADFC) over the first 140 d of the test, and total feed conversion (FC) until progeny reached 8.89 mm of back fat were obtained separately by conversion groups and sexes and for combined feed conversion groups and sexes. In general, weights were more important than linear body measurements in prediction of feed utilization. To some extent this was expected as weight is related directly to gain which is a component of feed conversion. Weight at 112 d was the most important variable in prediction of feed conversion when data from both feed conversion groups and sexes were combined. Weights at 84 and 140 d were important variables in prediction of UNADFC and FC, respectively, of bulls. ONTSTWT and weight at 140 d had the highest standardized partial regression coefficients for UNADFC and ADJFC, respectively, of heifers. Results indicated that linear measurements, such as MC, HDL and HOPIN, are useful in prediction of feed conversion when feed in takes are unavailable.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2020

Background: Dose conversion coefficients (DCCs) have been commonly used to estimate radiation-dose absorption by human organs based on physical measurements of fluence or kerma. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has reported a library of DCCs, but few studies have been conducted on their applicability to non-Caucasian populations. In the present study, we collected a total of 8 Korean pediatric and adult voxel phantoms to calculate the organ DCCs for idealized external photon-irradiation geometries. Materials and Methods: We adopted one pediatric female phantom (ETRI Child), two adult female phantoms (KORWOMAN and HDRK Female), and five adult male phantoms (KORMAN, ETRI Man, KTMAN1, KTMAN2, and HDRK Man). A general-purpose Monte Carlo radiation transport code, MCNPX2.7 (Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport extended version 2.7), was employed to calculate the DCCs for 13 major radiosensitive organs in six irradiation geometries (anteroposterior, posteroanterior, right lateral, left lateral, rotational, and isotropic) and 33 photon energy bins (0.01-20 MeV). Results and Discussion: The DCCs for major radiosensitive organs (e.g., lungs and colon) in anteroposterior geometry agreed reasonably well across the 8 Korean phantoms, whereas those for deep-seated organs (e.g., gonads) varied significantly. The DCCs of the child phantom were greater than those of the adult phantoms. A comparison with the ICRP Publication 116 data showed reasonable agreements with the Korean phantom-based data. The variations in organ DCCs were well explained using the distribution of organ depths from the phantom surface. Conclusion: A library of dose conversion coefficients for major radiosensitive organs in a series of pediatric and adult Korean voxel phantoms was established and compared with the reference data from the ICRP. This comparison showed that our Korean phantom-based data agrees reasonably with the ICRP reference data.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권9호
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• pp.22-26
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• 1994

In this paper a method of designing FIR filters without digital arithmetic operationsi is persented. The filter coefficients are represented by resistors combined with a differential amplifier. With this method an FIR filter can be simply impemented without refering to complex digital arithmetic operations. Furthermore, in this scheme, no additional D/A converter is needed for D/A conversion. Spectral response response of a pulse shaping filter of 17 coefficients is shown as an illustration.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.691-693
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• 2005

The prototype of the radiometric calibration algorithm, including the correction of scan mirror's angle, has been developed for the stationary meteorological sensor, firstly in Korea. We use this system on GOES-12 to evaluate two coefficients, slope and intercept. The evaluated coefficients show good agreement with the NESDIS's results for the five-case data. The calculated coefficients have been applied to the conversion from the measured counts to the radiance and the converting methods according to the scanning are investigated to enhance the radiometric accuracy.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제4B권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2004

Modern users demand that the on and off type solenoid actuator should be smaller, lighter in weight, lower in consumption power, and higher in response time. The complete design satisfying such requirements can be achieved when electromagnetic theories and empirical knowledge are combined. This paper presents various types of empirical coefficients essentially needed for optimal design of a solenoid actuator. The values of these empirical coefficients are obtained through extensive experiments over a great length of time for various kinds of solenoid actuators. We have developed a design program that is composed by combination of governing equations and empirical coefficients, and have also manufactured a prototype solenoid actuator based on the final results of the design program. The propriety of the design program and empirical coefficients have been proven by experiments.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.475-485
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• 2017

This paper develops a conversion function and method transforming from daily peak load curve used $LOLE_D$ [days/year] to hourly load curve used $LOLE_H$[hours/year]and describes relationship between $LOLE_D$ [days/year] and $LOLE_H$ [hours/year]. The indices can not only be transformed just arithmetically but also have different characteristics physically because of using their different load curves. The conversion function is formulated as variables of capacity and forced outage rate of generator, hourly load daily load factor and daily peak load yearly load factor, etc. Therefore, the conversion function (${\gamma}={\varphi}$(.)) can not be simple. In this study, therefore, the function is formulated as linear times of separated two functions. One is an exponential formed conversion function of daily load factor. Another is formulated with an exponential typed conversion function of daily peak load yearly load factor. Futhermore, this paper presents algorithm and flow chart for transforming from $LOLE_D$[days/year] to $LOLE_H$[hours/year]. The proposed conversion function is applied to sample system and actual KPS(Korea Power System) in 2015. The exponent coefficients of the conversion functions are assessed using proposed method. Finally, assessment errors using conversion function for case studies of sample system and actual system are evaluated to certify the firstly proposed method.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.213-236
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• 2015

The paper presents an investigation into the mode conversion and scattering characteristics of guided waves at delaminations in laminated composite beams. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model, which is experimentally verified using data measured by 3D scanning laser vibrometer, is used in the investigation. The study consists of two parts. The first part investigates the excitability of the fundamental anti-symmetric mode ($A_0$) of guided wave in laminated composite beams. It is found that there are some unique phenomena, which do not exist for guided waves in plate structures, make the analysis become more complicated. The phenomena are observed in numerical study using 3D FE simulations. In the second part, several delaminated composite beams are studied numerically to investigate the mode conversion and scattering characteristics of the $A_0$ guided wave at delaminations. Different sizes, locations and through-thickness locations of the delaminations are investigated in detail. The mode conversion and scattering phenomena of guided waves at the delaminations are studied by calculating reflection and transmission coefficients. The results show that the sizes, locations and through-thickness locations of the delaminations have significant effects on the scattering characteristics of guided waves at the delaminations. The results of this research would provide better understanding of guided waves propagation and scattering at the delaminations in the laminated composite beams, and improve the performance of guided wave damage detection methods.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2005

광대역에서 PCB 기판의 유전율은 개방 단말 동축선 프로브로 측정된 반사계수를 모멘트 방법에 적용하여 얻을 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 유전율과 반사계수의 관계를 적분식으로 나타내었고, 적분식에 사용되는 서로 다른 두께를 갖는 PCB 기판의 반사계수를 분산 FDTD로 수치 계산하였다. 적분식을 모멘트 방법을 사용하여 해석한 결과 PCB기판의 유전율은 최대 $2.015\%$의 오차 범위 안에서 환산됨을 알 수 있었다.