Structural Monitoring and Maintenance

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Mode conversion and scattering analysis of guided waves at delaminations in laminated composite beams

  • Soleimanpour, Reza (School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Adelaide) ;
  • Ng, Ching-Tai (School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Adelaide)
  • Received : 2015.03.03
  • Accepted : 2015.08.27
  • Published : 2015.09.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The paper presents an investigation into the mode conversion and scattering characteristics of guided waves at delaminations in laminated composite beams. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model, which is experimentally verified using data measured by 3D scanning laser vibrometer, is used in the investigation. The study consists of two parts. The first part investigates the excitability of the fundamental anti-symmetric mode ($A_0$) of guided wave in laminated composite beams. It is found that there are some unique phenomena, which do not exist for guided waves in plate structures, make the analysis become more complicated. The phenomena are observed in numerical study using 3D FE simulations. In the second part, several delaminated composite beams are studied numerically to investigate the mode conversion and scattering characteristics of the $A_0$ guided wave at delaminations. Different sizes, locations and through-thickness locations of the delaminations are investigated in detail. The mode conversion and scattering phenomena of guided waves at the delaminations are studied by calculating reflection and transmission coefficients. The results show that the sizes, locations and through-thickness locations of the delaminations have significant effects on the scattering characteristics of guided waves at the delaminations. The results of this research would provide better understanding of guided waves propagation and scattering at the delaminations in the laminated composite beams, and improve the performance of guided wave damage detection methods.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Australian Research Council

References

  1. ABAQUS Theory Manual Version 6.7 (2007), ABAQUS Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA.
  2. Alleyne, D. and Cawley, P. (1991), "A two-dimensional Fourier transform method for the measurement propagating multimode signals", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 89, 1159-1168. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400530
  3. Bathe, K J. (1982), Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA.
  4. Benmeddour, F., Grondel, S., Assaad, J. and Moulin, E. (2008), "Study of the fundamental Lamb modes interaction with symmetrical notches", NDT & E Int., 41(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2007.07.001
  5. Castaings, M. and Hosten, B. (2001), "Lamb and SH waves generated and detected by air-coupled ultrasonic transducers in composite material plates", NDT & E Int., 34(4), 249-258 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-8695(00)00065-7
  6. Cawley, P., Lowe, M.J.S., Alleyne, D.N., Pavlakovic, B. and Wilcox, P. (2003), "Practical long range guided wave testing: Applications to pipes and rail", Mater. Evaluation, 61, 66-74.
  7. Chamis, C.C. (1989), "Mechanics of composite materials: Past, present and future", J. Compos. Technol. Res., 11, 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1520/CTR10143J
  8. Demcenko, A., Zukauskas, E., Kazys, R. and Voleisis, A. (2006), "Interaction of the A0 Lamb wave mode with a delamination type defect in GLARE3-3/2 composite material", Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 92(4), 540-548.
  9. Diligent, O., Grahn, T., Bostrom, A., Cawley, P. and Lowe, M. (2002), "The low frequency reflection and scattering of the s0 Lamb mode from a circular through-thickness hole in a plate: Finite element, analytical and experimental studies", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 112(6), 2589-2601. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1512292
  10. Farmer, S.C., Sayir, A. and Dickerson, P.O. (1993), In situ Composites, Science and Technology, TMS, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA.
  11. Fromme, P. (2013), "Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems", Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 8695, San Diego, April.
  12. Guo, N. and Cawley, P. (1993), "The interaction of Lamb waves with delaminations in composite laminates", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 94(4), 2240-2246. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.407495
  13. Hayashi, T. and Kawashima, K. (2002), "Multiple reflections of lamb waves at a delamination", Ultrasonics, 40(1-8),193-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-624X(02)00136-1
  14. Hayashi, T., Kawashima, K., Sun, Z. and Rose, J. (2005), "Guided wave propagation mechanics across a pipe elbow", J. Press. Vessel Technol., 125(3), 322-327.
  15. Hongerholt, D.D., Willms, G. and Rose, J.L. (2002), "Summary of results from an ultrasonic in-flight wing ice detection system", Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 21, 1023-1028.
  16. Karthikeyan, P., Ramadas, C., Bhardwaj, M.C. and Balasubramaniam, K. (2009), "Non-contact ultrasound based guided Lamb waves for composite structure inspection: some interesting observations", Proceedings of the AIP Conference Proceedings, New York, March.
  17. Kazys, R., Demcenko, A., Zukauskas, E. and Mazeika, L. (2006), "Air-coupled ultrasonic investigation of multi-layered composite materials", Ultrasonics ,44, 819-822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.112
  18. Kovic, B. and Lowe, M. (2003), DISPERSE User's Manual Version 2.0.16B, Imperial College, University of London, Non-Destructive Testing Laboratory, London, United Kingdom.
  19. Li, J. and Rose, J.L. (2001), "Guided wave testing of containment structures", Mater. Evaluation, 59(6), 783-787.
  20. Li, Z. and Wanchun, Y. (2008), "Power reflection and transmission in beam structures containing a semi-infinite crack", Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, 21(2), 177-188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10338-008-0821-6
  21. Lowe, M.J.S. and Diligent, O. (2002), "The low frequency reflection characteristics of the fundamental symmetric Lamb wave S0 from a rectangular notch in a plate", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 111, 64-74. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1424866
  22. M. Staudenmann. (1995), "Structural waves in non-destructive testing", Ph.D Dissertation, ETH Zurich, Zurich.
  23. Moreau, L. and Castaings, M. (2008), "The use of an orthogonality relation for reducing the size of finite element models for 3D guided waves scattering problems", Ultrasonics, 48(5), 357-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2008.01.005
  24. Ng, C.T. (2014a), "Bayesian model updating approach for experimental identification of damage in beams using guided waves", J. Struct. Health Monit., 13(4), 359-373. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921714532990
  25. Ng, C.T. (2014b), "On the selection of advanced signal processing techniques for guided wave identification using a statistical approach", J. Eng. Struct., 67, 50-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.02.019
  26. Ng, C.T. (2015), "A two-stage approach for quantitative damage imaging in metallic plates using Lamb waves", Earthq. Struct.", 8(4), 821-841. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.4.821
  27. Ng, C.T., Veidt, M. and Rajic, N. (2009), "Integrated piezoceramic transducers for imaging damage in composite laminates", Proceedings of SPIE, Weihai, October
  28. Ng, C.T. and Veidt, M. (2011), "Scattering of the fundamental anti-symmetric Lamb wave at delaminations in composite laminates", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 129(3), 1288-1296. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3533741
  29. Ng, C.T., Veidt, M., Rose, L.R.F. and Wang, C.H. (2012), "Analytical and finite element prediction of Lamb wave scattering at delaminations in quasi-isotropic composite laminates", J. Sound Vib., 331(22), 4870-4883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.06.002
  30. Ostachowicz, W., Kudela, P., Krawczuk, M. and Zak, A. (2012), Guided Waves in Structures for SHM: The Time - domain Spectral Element Method, John Wiley & Sons, Chicester, United Kingdom.
  31. Peng, H., Meng, G. and Li, F. (2009), "Modeling of wave propagation in plate structures using three-dimensional spectral element method for damage detection", J. Sound Vib., 320(4-5), 942-954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2008.09.005
  32. Ramadas, C., Balasubramaniam, K., Joshi, M. and Krishnamurthy, CV. (2009), "Interaction of primary anti-symmetric Lamb mode with symmetric delaminations: numerical and experimental studies", Smart Mater. Struct., 18(8), 085011H. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/18/8/085011
  33. Ramadas, C., Balasubramaniam, K., Joshi. M. and Krishnamurthy. C.V. (2010), "Interaction of guided Lamb waves with an asymmetrically located delamination in a laminated composite plate", Smart Mater. Struct., 19(6).
  34. Rose, J.L. (1999), Ultrasonic Waves in Solid Media, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
  35. Rose, J.L. and Soley, L.E. (2000), "Ultrasonic guided waves for anomaly detection in aircraft components", Mater. Evaluation, 50, 1080-1086.
  36. Song, W.J., Rose, J.L. and Whitesel, H. (2003), "An ultrasonic guided wave technique for damage testing in a ship hull", Mater. Evaluation, 60, 94-98.
  37. Stewart, J.R., Gullerud, A.S. and Heinstein, M.W. (2006), "Solution verification for explicit transient dynamics problems in the presence of hourglass and contact forces", J. Comput. Method. Appl. Mech. Eng., 195, 1499-1516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2005.05.043
  38. Veidt, M., Ng, C.T., Hames, S. and Wattinger, T. (2008), "Imaging laminar damage in plates using Lamb wave beamforming", Adv. Mater. Res., 47-50, 666-669.
  39. Veidt, M. and Ng, C.T. (2011), "Influence of stacking sequence on scattering characteristics of the fundamental anti-symmetric Lamb wave at through holes in composite laminates", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 129(3), 1280-1287. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3533742
  40. Viktorov, La., Zubova, O.M. and Kaekina, T.M. (1965), "Investigation of Lamb wave excitation by the wedge method", Soviet Physics-Acoustics, 10(4), 354-359.
  41. Zhu, W., Rose, J.L., Barshinger, J.N. and Agarwala, V.S. (1998), "Ultrasonic guided wave NDT for hidden corrosion detection", Res. Nondestruct. Eval., 10(4), 205-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/09349849809409629

Cited by

  1. Sparse and Dispersion-Based Matching Pursuit for Minimizing the Dispersion Effect Occurring when Using Guided Wave for Pipe Inspection vol.10, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060622
  2. Higher harmonic generation of guided waves at delaminations in laminated composite beams vol.16, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921716673021
  3. Delamination Localization in Sandwich Skin Using Lamb Waves by Finite Element Method vol.2018, pp.1687-627X, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9705407