• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.772-778
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• 2002

A numerical analysis of turbulent gas-particle two-phase flow is performed in conjunction with the experiments of Fackrell ＆ Robins and Raupach & Legg that considered ground-level source and/or elevated source flat plate flow. K-$\omega$ turbulence model is used in order to analyze fully turbulent flow field and the concentration equation with settling velocity is adopted for the concentration field. The model of Einstein and Chien is applied that couples the velocity field and the concentration field. Turbulent eddy viscosity is re-evaluated in this model. The present numerical results have good agreement between the simulation and the experimental data for the mean flow velocities and particle concentrations. While the previous study shows about 27% error in the vicinity of the source of particle concentration, the .present study allows about 14% error. A new turbulent gas-particle flow model developed by this study is able to cut down error by 13% at a near source.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2007

For self-developed alkali-alkaline earth-silicate and commercial glass melts for plasma display panel substrate, the corrosion behavior of fused casting refractory consisting of $Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-SiO_2$ was examined at the temperature corresponding to $10^2\;dPa{\cdot}s$ of melt viscosity by static finger methode. The corroded refractory specimens showed a typical concave shape due to interfacial convection of melts at their flux line. However, the corrosion thickness by commercial glass melts was $6\sim10$ times comparing to that by the self?developed melts. From the view point of the glass composition and the role of alkaline earth in glass network, it was discussed the effect of alkali/alkaline earth diffusion and temperature on the refractory corrosion.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.210-222
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• 1994

축방향의 균일한 자장이 Czochralski 도가니에 가하여졌을 때의 유동장, 온도장 및 산소의 농도장이 수치적으로 연구되었다.Czochralski 유동장과 농도장에 작용하는 부력, thermocapillarity, 원심력, 자성력, 산소의 확산계수, 산소의 segregation coefficient, SiO형태의 evaporation, 도가니벽의 ablation 등이 고려되었다. 회전방향으로의 대칭성으로부터 자오면에서의 속도성분과 회전방향의 속도성분, 온도, 전류의 흐름 등이 먼저 정상상태에 도달하였다고 가정하고 초기에 일정한 산소의 농도가 주어진 상황에서 비정상 상태의 산소의 농도장이 해석되었다. Czochralski 유동장에서의 대류와 확산에 의한 산소의 전달현상이 파악되었으며 결정성장 표면으로 흡수되는 산소의 농도가 연구되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2002

The tunnels built in recent years are equipped with traffic counters and pollution sensors (mostly, CO and Vl sensors). Utilizing these built-in sensors, it is possible to develop an algorithm to estimate the amount of pollutants exhausted from the each class of cars passing through the tunnel. These estimated data can be effectively utilized not only for ventilation control but also for designing ventilation facilities. The diffusion of pollutants in a tunnel can be described with one-dimensional diffusion-convection equation. This equation is approximated with interpolation functions and weighted residual method converting to adequate form for standard state estimate algorithms. With this converted equations, a least square optimization based algorithm is developed, whose outputs are the estimated amounts of pollutants emitted from each class of cars. In order to verify the feasibility of the developed algorithms, simulations are performed with the real data acquisitioned from the Tunnae tunnel located in Young-Dong highway in Korea.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.1015-1020
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• 2003

$\rho$-알루미나 결합 진동성형용 알루미나 캐스터블 내화물의 매트릭스부분과 용응 슬래그와의 침식거동을 젭센(Jabsen)이 주장한 이론을 기초로 하고 킹거리(Kingery)가 제안한 반응 기구를 통해 규명하였다. 매트릭스 부분의 초기침식이 분자확산거동에 의하여 지배되며, 아레니우스 관계식과 잘 일치하고 있어 온도의존성 활성화 과정으로 받아들 수 있다. 슬래그와 경계층의 Ca 농도차이가 23.2%로서 경계층을 형성하기 위한 물질이동의 구동력이 되었다. 매트릭스의 침식정도가 뮬라이트 소결체보다 심하지만 킹거리의 침식반응 기구와 잘 일치하고 있어 캐스터블의 수명예측이 가능하다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.725-730
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• 2008

In this study, we found out charged particle's deposition characteristic by experiments of $0.5{\mu}m$, $1.0{\mu}m$, $3.0{\mu}m$ size particle's concentration decay. We carried out the experiments on charged particle deposition onto the vertical cleanroom wall panel and some other fundamental experiments. The particle deposition mechanism is consist of sedimentation, convection, diffusion, thermophoresis, electrostatic and so on. Particle size determines mainly working deposition mechanism. The charged particle is made with corona discharge that are constituted field charging and diffusion charging. In addition, this combinational mechanism is called combined charging. The type of corona discharge determines quantity of particle electrical charge. In conclusion, we assumed that quantity of particle electrical charge accelerations deposition velocity onto the vertical cleanroom wall panel and proved it. And we figured out particle's deposition characteristic through compared between our experiment's results.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2013

This paper describes a new simulation technique for advection-diffusion phenomena over the sea surface using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), capable of predicting oil dispersion from tankers. The LBM is used to solve the pollutant transport problem within the framework of the ocean environment. The sea space is represented by the lattices, where each lattice has the information on oil transportation. Since dispersed oils (i.e., oil droplets) at sea are transported by convection due to waves, buoyancy, and turbulent diffusion, the conservation of mass and many physical oil transport rules were used in the prediction model. Since the LBM is modeled using the uniform lattices and simple rules, it can be easily accelerated by the parallel mechanism, for example, GPU-accelerated method. The proposed model using the LBM is used to simulate a simple pollution event with the oil pollutants of 10,000 kL. The simulation results indicate that the LBM method accelerated with the GPU is 6 times faster than that without the GPU.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1284-1293
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• 1997

The electrostatic effect on particle deposition onto a heated, Horizontal free-standing wafer surface was investigated numerically. The deposition mechanisms considered were convection, Brownian and turbulent diffusion, sedimentation, thermophoresis and electrostatic force. The electric charge on particle needed to calculate the electrostatic migration velocity induced by the local electric field was assumed to be the Boltzmann equilibrium charge. The electrostatic forces acted upon the particle included the Coulombic, image, dielectrophoretic and dipole-dipole forces based on the assumption that the particle and wafer surface are conducting. The electric potential distribution needed to calculate the local electric field around the wafer was calculated from the Laplace equation. The averaged and local deposition velocities were obtained for a temperature difference of 0-10 K and an applied voltage of 0-1000 v.The numerical results were then compared with those of the present suggested approximate model and the available experimental data. The comparison showed relatively good agreement between them.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.357-363
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• 2021

Eco-friendly hybrid railroad propulsion system with fuel-cell and battery was suggested to reduce carbon dioxide gas and replace retired diesel railroads. Lithium-ion battery with high energy/power density and long lifetime is selected as the energy source at the battery side due to its excellent performance. However, the performance of lithium-ion batteries was affected by temperature, current rate, and operating condition. Temperature is known to be the most influential factor in changing battery parameters. In addition, appropriate thermal management is required to ensure the safe and effective operation of lithium-ion battery. Electro-thermal coupled model with varying parameter depends on temperature, and state-of-charge (SOC) is suggested to estimate battery temperature. The electric-thermal coupled model contains diffusion current using parameter identification by adaptive control algorithm when considering thermal diffusion effect. An experiment under forced convection was conducted using cylindrical cell and 18 parallel-connected battery module to demonstrate the method.

• 청정기술
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2013

굴패각과 석고를 대상으로 고형화시킨 후 포름알데히드 및 벤젠으로 대표되는 휘발성 유기화합물(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)를 흡착챔버 내에서 노출시켜 흡착특성을 관찰하였다. VOC를 챔버에 노출 후 굴패각과 같은 친환경재료를 혼입한 모르타르를 각각 개별적으로 주입한 후 180분간 흡착특성을 고찰하였다. 굴 패각분말을 0, 10, 30, 50%로 혼입한 시험체를 대상으로 포름알데히드와 VOC(벤젠, 톨루엔, 자일렌)를 $27.7{\sim}28.5mg/m^3$의 고농도 조건과 $175{\sim}150{\mu}g/m^3$의 저농도 조건에서 각각 노출시켜 흡착성 실험을 수행한 결과, 전반적으로 노출된 조건과 무관하게 굴패각의 혼입 함량이 많을수록 흡착성이 증가함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 대류-확산-흡착이 고려된 모델을 사용하여 실험과 비교하였다. 확산계수 및 확산 길이(diffusion length)로 대변되는 흡착재의 친화력(affinity)을 고려한 모델을 시험한 결과, 피흡착제의 종류와 흡착재의 친화성에 따른 차이를 잘 표현하였으며 전반적으로 실험데이터와 일치하는 경향을 보였다.