• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.872-885
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• 2020

Distributed consensus requires the consent of more than half of the congress to produce irreversible results, and the performance of the consensus algorithm deteriorates with the increase in the number of nodes. This problem can be addressed by delegating the agreement to a few selected nodes. Since the selected nodes must comply with the Byzantine node ratio criteria required by the algorithm, the result selected by any decentralized node cannot be trusted. However, some trusted nodes monopolize the consensus node selection process, thereby breaking decentralization and causing a trilemma. Therefore, a consensus node selection algorithm is required that can construct a congress that can withstand Byzantine faults with the decentralized method. In this paper, an algorithm based on the Byzantine agreement among decentralized agents to facilitate agreement between decentralization nodes is proposed. It selects a group of random consensus nodes per block by applying the proposed proof of nonce algorithm. By controlling the percentage of Byzantine included in the selected nodes, it solves the trilemma when an arbitrary node selects the consensus nodes.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.267-271
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• 2020

The emergence of highly contagious viral diseases of livestock and poultry such as foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), African swine fever (ASF) and highly pathogenic influenza (HPAI) have necessitated the formulation of policies and regulatory frameworks for preventing ingress of exotic diseases and controlling dissemination of endemic diseases within the country. The disease control ratings to manage contagious livestock disease in farms have not being widely used because the evaluation parameters were not being considered inappropriate. The purpose of this study was to reinforce the validity of the parameters for evaluation factors and the objectivity of the scoring criteria in the application of the current disease management rating system. The diseases subject to intensive management were improved by reflecting farm situation. For the evaluation based on the disease grading system of farms, the diseases subject to intensive management were realized, the list of diseases for evaluating the vaccination rate was revised, and the quarantine and sanitation management standards were revised. The effectiveness of the improved livestock disease management system was confirmed through the application of actual pig farms. Therefore, this system will be used as a means to evaluation the biosecurity at the farm units. Through this, it will contribute to establish effective biosecurity measures for each farm by improving and supplementing the present disease grading system.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.114-123
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• 2021

Background: Evaluation of the effectiveness of caudal epidural injection on pain, spine mobility, disease activity, and activity of daily living in axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients. Methods: A total sample of 47 patients were registered in this study. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups; Group I received caudal epidural injections, ultrasound-guided, with 1% lidocaine hydrochloride mixed with triamcinolone, whereas Group II did not receive any injections. All participants fulfilled the ASAS criteria for axial SpA. Outcome measures were as follows: visual analogue scale, Oswestry disability index (ODI), modified Schober test, lateral lumbar flexion, and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) with assessment at baseline, 2 weeks, and 8 weeks post-treatment. This clinical trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov under the number NCT04143165. Results: There was a significant difference between both groups regarding pain, ODI, spine mobility and ASDAS scores in favor of group I. This effect was at its maximum after 2 weeks. Despite the decline of this effect after 2 months, the difference between the groups remained significant. Higher disease activity, younger age, and shorter disease duration were associated with better outcomes. Conclusions: Epidural injection of lidocaine and triamcinolone is a cost effective and a practical technique for controlling pain, as well as improving the function of the spine and disease activity scores in axial SpA patients with acceptable complications and relatively sustained effect.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.64-73
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• 2024

This study investigated associations between healthy dietary practices and the odds of prediabetes among Korean adolescents. The data of 1,624 adolescents aged 12 to 18 who participated in the 2017-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Healthy dietary practices were defined according to Health Plan 2030 criteria, and prediabetes was defined as a fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dL. After controlling for confounders, adjusting odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prediabetes were determined for different healthy dietary practices using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Compared with adolescents who engaged in healthy dietary practices, those who did not had a 1.63-fold (95% CI: 1.12-2.37) higher odds of prediabetes. In addition, adolescents who did not consume ≥500 g of fruit and vegetables daily and those who refrained from reading nutritional fact labels, which are both sub-indicators of healthy dietary practices, had a 1.66 (95% CI: 1.05-2.62) and 1.58-fold (95% CI: 1.06-2.37) higher odds of prediabetes, respectively, than those who did. Increasing the proportion of adolescents engaging in healthy dietary practices, such as consuming ≥500 g of fruit and vegetables daily and reading nutritional fact labels when selecting food, is imperative.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2024

뿌리산업의 유해한 작업 환경과 높은 작업 강도는 작업자의 건강에 영향을 미칠 수 있기 때문에 기존에는 유해한 물질로부터 현장 작업자를 보호하기 위해 반년 단위로 작성한 환경을 측정하여 규제하고 있다. 그러나 작업환경 외에 작업자 건강 상태 등에 대해서는 정량화된 관련 기준이 부재하여 상시로 피해를 주는 임계치 이하 유해 물질의 지속적인 노출에 따른 직업병을 예방하는데 어려움이 상존하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기계학습을 이용한 뿌리산업 작업 환경의 위험도 피크레벨 결정방법을 제안하고 이를 토대로 작업장의 실시간 안전 평가를 가능하게 하였다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.132-147
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• 2008

유비쿼터스 서비스(u-서비스) 우선순위 평가에 대한 선행연구는 공급자에 주안점을 두고 있어 결과의 타당성에서 한계를 노출하고 있다. 특히 지금까지 중앙부처 및 지방자치단체에서 제시하고 있는 대부분의 유비쿼터스 추진사업은 u-서비스 사업 우선순위가 정책담당자의 경험이나 직관, 또는 소수전문가들의 경험적 지식 등에 의존하여 선정되고 있다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기위해 u-서비스 공급자 측면과 수요자 측면의 요구를 모두 충족할 수 있는 u-서비스 우선순위 평가모형을 개발하고자 본 연구가 수행되었다. u-서비스 우선순위 모형개발을 위해 선행 연구를 토대로 수요자와 공급자의 서비스 결정요인을 탐색적으로 도출하고, 전문가와의 브레인스토밍을 통해 u-서비스 결정의 확정적 요인을 추출하였다. 도출된 요인들을 계층분석(AHP)모형으로 설정하고 전문가 설문조사를 통해 요인별 가중치와 우선순위를 도출하여 u-지역정보화에서 제시한 대구지역의 특화서비스를 평가하였다. 평가 결과 대구지역은 지역물류지원서비스, 시각장애인 길안내 서비스, u-텔레매틱스 서비스가 상위권을 차지한 반면, u-지역정보화에서 제시한 안전방재지원서비스와 산업특화거리 등의 서비스는 중위권을 차지하고 있어 공급자 위주의 u-서비스 선정결과와는 차별성을 보였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권2A호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2010

이 논문에서는 다중 사용자 무선통신 환경에서 전송률-형평성 트레이드오프를 임의로 제어할 수 있는 계산이 효율적인 전송률-형평성 제어 스케줄링 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안되는 스케줄링 기준은 최대의 전송률 합을 추구하는 스케줄링 기준과 최대의 형평성을 추구하는 스케줄링 기준을 제어 인자에 따라 전송률과 형평성을 조정할 수 있도록 선형적으로 결합한다. 이때, 선형 결합을 통한 전송률-형평성 트레이드오프 제어를 위하여 스케줄링 기준의 단위와 최적화 방향을 일치시키는 것이 필요하다. 제안된 알고리즘은 이러한 조건들을 만족시키기 위하여 순시 전송률과 평균 제공 전송률을 스케줄링 기준으로 결정하고, 이들을 제어 인자를 사용하여 최적화 방향이 일치하도록 선형적으로 결합하여 제어 인자 값에 따라 다양한 전송률형평성 성능을 제공할 수 있도록 한다. 추가적인 계산 간소화를 위하여 순시 전송률에 대한 높은 SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) 근사화 관계를 이용한다. 모의 실험을 통하여 독립적인 레일리 페이딩 다중 사용자 채널에서 제안된 스케줄링 알고리즘에 대하여 제어 인자 값에 따른 전송률과 형평성 성능을 분석하였고, 순시 전송률의 높은 SNR 근사화 관계를 이용한 성능 분석도 이루어졌다. 모의실험 결과, 제안된 스케줄링 알고리즘은 최대 전송률을 추구하는 스케줄링과 최대 형평성을 추구하는 스케줄링 사이에서 전송률-형평성 성능을 임의로 조절할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었고, 근사화 결과도 만족스러운 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 인장강도 800MPa급 고강도강재(HSA800)의 단주 중심압축실험과 편심압축실험을 통해 균등압축과 휨-압축 부재의 강도를 평가하여 현행 강구조기준(KBC2009, AISC2005)의 적용성 여부를 검토하였다. 또한 잔류응력의 계측을 통하여 강재 항복강도와 잔류응력과의 상관성 여부도 검토하였다. 고강도강재와 일반강재의 국부좌굴 거동 차이의 여부를 확인하기 위하여 중심압축실험에 SM490 강재로 제작된 비교실험체도 포함시켰다. 강도로 무차원화한 판폭두께비와 판 단부의 지지조건을 주요변수로 하여 실험을 실시하였다. 편심압축실험은 HSA800 강재만을 대상으로 하였으며, 휨-압축의 조합력을 받는 부재의 P-M 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 가력 편심거리를 조정하여 다양한 P-M 조합에 대해 강도평가 실험을 수행하였다. 잔류응력은 중심압축실험에 사용된 H형단면 실험체를 대상으로 비파괴실험법인 압입법에 의해 가력 이전에 그 크기와 분포를 측정하였다. 실험결과 중심압축을 받는 모든 HSA800 단주는 판 단부의 지지조건 및 판폭두께비 조건에 따른 현행 강구조기준의 설계강도를 충분히 발휘하였다. 편심압축을 받는 실험체 역시 현행 설계기준의 P-M 상관관계를 충분히 안전측으로 충족하였다. 본 연구에서도 잔류응력의 크기는 강재의 항복강도와 무관하다는 선행연구결과와 합치하는 잔류응력 측정값이 얻어졌다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2022

The essence of the definition of "tolerance" is analyzed. Motivational, knowledge and behavioral criteria for tolerance of future teachers are highlighted. Indicators of the motivational criterion are the formation of value orientations, motivational orientation, and the development of empathy. Originality and productivity of thoughts and judgments, tact of dialogue, pedagogical ethics and tact are confirmed as indicators of the knowledge criterion. The behavioral criterion includes social activity as a life position, emotional and volitional endurance, and self-control of one's own position. The formation of tolerance is influenced by a number of factors: the social environment, the information society, existing stereotypes and ideas in society, the system of education and relationships between people, and the system of values. The main factors that contribute to the education of tolerance in future teachers are highlighted. Analyzing the structure of tolerance, it is necessary to distinguish the following functions of tolerance: - motivational (determines the composition and strength of motivation for social activity and behavior, promotes the development of life experience, because it allows the individual to accept other points of view and vision of the solution; - informational (understanding the situation, the personality of another person); - regulatory (tolerance has a close connection with the strong - willed qualities of a person: endurance, selfcontrol, self-regulation, which were formed in the process of Education); - adaptive (allows the individual to develop in the process of joint activity a positive, emotional, stable attitude to the activity itself, which the individual carries out, to the object and subject of joint relations). The implementation of pedagogical functions in the information society: educational, organizational, predictive, informational, communicative, controlling, etc. provides grounds to consider pedagogical tolerance as an integrative personal quality of a representative of any profession in the field of "person-person". The positions that should become conditions for the formation of tolerance of the future teacher in the information society are listed.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.679-688
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the major trends in research studies in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration from 2010 to 2012. Methods: A review using analysis criteria developed by researchers was done of 132 studies published between 2010 and 2012. Research design, participants, research domain, and keywords were analyzed from the Journal of Korean Nursing Administration. Results: Job satisfaction, stress, organizational commitment, safety, turnover, nursing education, and performance were found to be major keywords. Of the research in the Journal, quantitative methods were used in 93.2% of studies. The major setting and participants were hospitals (58.2%) and nurses (65.5%) respectively. Prevalent analysis methods used were t-test, ANOVA, correlation, regression, chi-square, AMOS, and factor analysis. Major domains in the articles were: controlling, directing, staffing, nursing management education, and professionalism & legal principles. Conclusion: Through this study, the research trends in nursing administration were identified, but there is a need to include more of the following topics in future research: new concepts in nursing policy, enhanced deliberations of IRB, rationalization of the effects in sample size calculations, theoretical development of planning and organizing, and development of interventions for management support of the nursing management process.