• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.107-107
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• 2012

Recently, large-area synthesis of high-quality but polycrystalline graphene has been advanced as a scalable route to applications including electronic devices. The presence of grain boundaries (GBs) may be detrimental on some electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties of graphene, including reduced electronic mobility, lower thermal conductivity, and reduced ultimate mechanical strength, yet on the other hand, GBs might be beneficially exploited via controlled GB engineering. The study of graphene grains and their boundary is therefore critical for a complete understanding of this interesting material and for enabling diverse applications. I present that scanning electron diffraction in STEM mode makes possible fast and direct identification of GBs. We also demonstrate that dark field TEM imaging techniques allow facile GB imaging for high-angle tilt GBs in graphene. GB mapping is systematically carried out on large-area graphene samples via these complementary techniques. The study of the detailed atomic structure at a GB in suspended graphene uses aberration-corrected atomic resolution TEM at a low kV.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.60.2-60.2
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• 2010

본 연구는 상온 상압하에서 미세구조 패턴을 갖는 대용량의 CaCO3 박막을 제조하고 여러 가지 첨가제를 이용하여 박막 표면의 형상제어를 수행하였다. 또한 형상 제어된 CaCO3 박막을 템플릿으로 이용하여 고분자 및 금속 박막 형상 제어 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 LACS(Large Area CaCO3 Stamping)법을 통해 흡착능과 소수성의 특성과 같은 다양한 기능성을 갖는 박막의 제조가 가능하였다. 기존의 박막제조 기술은 주로 저압조건에서 이루어지기 때문에 대면적화가 어렵고 형상을 제어 하는데 여러 가지 단점이 있었던 반면 LACS는 에너지의 소모가 적고 다양한 형상제어를 통해 기존의 박막제조 기술의 단점을 보완할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.961-971
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• 2006

Shape controlled synthesis of inorganic nanocrystals is one of the important issues in materials chemistry due to their novel shape dependent properties. Although various shapes of nanocrystals have been developed, a systematic account on the shape control of these nanocrystals still remains an important subject in materials chemistry. In this article, we will overview the recent developments in the geometrical shape evolution of semiconductor and metal oxide nanocrystals obtained by nonhydrolytic synthetic methods. Many structurally unprecedented motifs have appeared as zero-dimesional (D) polyhedrons, one-D rods and wires, two-D plates and prisms, and other advanced shapes such as branched rods, stars, and inorganic dendrites. Important parameters which determine the geometrical shapes of nanocrystals are also illustrated. In addition, as a possible application of such nanocrystals for biomedical sciences, we further describe their utilizations for cancer diagnosis through nanocrystal-assisted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.1545-1553
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• 2008

Using a one-pot reaction technique, monodisperse $\gamma-Fe_2O_3$ nanoparticles were prepared by thermal decomposition of Fe$(CO)_5$ in the presence of a long alkyl chain terminated dendron surfactant. The size of the particles is controlled by adjusting the concentration of the dendron ligands in the reaction solution. Spherical, 2 nm sized nanoparticles were obtained with a 3:1 ratio of dendrons to Fe$(CO)_5$, while 4.6 nm sized particles were formed with a 1:3 ratio. Superparamagetic properties of 2 nm, 4 nm, and 4.6 nm sized particles were measured using a SQUID magnetometer.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 1985

The modulo PLL was applied to the implementation of frequency synthesis with the narrow channel spacing, many channels and three different frequency bands. So , VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) designed In this paper is suitable for the device with three different frequency bands 10Hz, 40Hz, 400Hz channel spacing, and 512 channels.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.39-49
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• 1999

This paper describes a 1 GHz, low-phase-noise CMOS fractional-N frequency synthesizer with an integrated LC VCO. The proposed frequency synthesizer, which uses a high-order delta-sigma modulator to suppress the fractional spurious tones at all multiples of the fractional frequency resolution offset, has 64 programmable frequency channels with frequency resolution of $f_ref/64$. The measured phase noise is as low as -110 dBc/Hz at a 200 KHz offset frequency from a carrier frequency of 980 MHz. The reference sideband spurs are -73.5 dBc. The prototype is implemented in a $0.5{\mu}m$ CMOS process with triple metal layers. The active chip area is about $4mm^2$ and the prototype consumes 43 mW, including the VCO buffer power consumption, from a 3.3 V supply voltage.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.50-50
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• 1988

The controlled Ti(CO2H5)4 hydrolysis reactions for the synthesis of Spherical Monodispersed Titania powders are described. Increasing the concentration of TEOT and the molar ratio of water to TEOT in alcohol solution decrease the reaction time and the particle size. The reaction time is delalyed by increasing the chain length and the number of carbon branches of alcohol as a solvent. The prepared powders with an average diameter of 0.8μ and the spherical monodispersed transfer to Rutile phase at 550℃.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.415-423
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• 1988

Mixtures of carbon and silica (about 0.46${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) which was synthesized by the hydrolysis of ethyl silicate, the molar ratio of silica/carbon was fixed as 1/10(weight ratio : 1/2), were nitrided in the temperature range 135$0^{\circ}C$~150$0^{\circ}C$. The phse of the product Si3N4 was $\alpha$ phase and the morphology was hexagnoal prism and the nitridation reaction was completed in 5 hrs at 150$0^{\circ}C$ or 7hrs at 145$0^{\circ}C$. The reaction rate above 150$0^{\circ}C$ was diffusion-controlled, following Jander equation. Activation energy Q was derived from the Arrhenius plot and the value was about 101kcal/mol. Axis ratio of Lattice constants(c/a) was 0.726 and unit volume was $\AA$3, the larger the molar ratio of carbon/Alkoxide was, the smaller the particle size of $\alpha$Si3N4 was.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.211-215
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• 2005

Microsystems combine several microcomponents, optimized an entire system, to provide several specific technical functions by the shape of the microstructure. Microfabrication and micromachining techniques have played the key role in the fast development and commercialization of microsystems. Microreaction technology based on microsystems is a powerful tool for the evaluating new process and reaction pathways in chemical engineering. Because of the small characteristic dimensions of microreaction devices, mass and heat transfer processes are enhanced and, in addition, reaction conditions can be precisely controlled for optimizing yield and selectivity. The paper will report on the mixer design principle and explore several application fields of microreaction technology in the chemical synthesis

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.664-669
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• 2004

Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) with pores of various diameter, density, and thickness values was obtained through control of the anodization parameters including voltage, temperature, pore widening time, anodization time, etc. The pore diameter was controlled by a pore widening in an etchant, and alumina templates having stepped nano-channels were fabricated by repetition of anodization and pore widening processes. Stepped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were then grown on the stepped AAO templates by pyrolysis of acetylene without using the catalyst. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images revealed that CNTs have a multi-wall structure made of graphite flakes of several nm sizes. The current-voltage characteristic of the sloped and linear CNTs were also examined.