• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.15 no.2 s.95
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• pp.161-168
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• 2005

The absorbing material is mostly used to changing the acoustic energy to the heat energy in the passive control, and that consists of the porous media. That controls an air borne noise while the stiffened plates, damping material and additional mass control a structure borne noise. The additional mass can decrease the sound by mass effect and shift of natural frequency, and damping material can decrease the sound by damping effect. The passive acoustic control using these kinds of control materials has an advantage that is possible to control the acoustic in the wide frequency band and the whole space at a price as compared with the active control using the various electronic circuit and actuator. But the space efficiency decreased and the control ability isn't up to the active control. So it is necessary to maximize the control ability in the specific frequency to raise the capacity of passive control minimizing the diminution of space efficiency such an active control. Therefore, the characteristics of control materials and the optimum layout of control materials that attached to the boundary of structure-acoustic coupled cavity were studied using sequential optimization on this study.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.190-201
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• 2024

This study examined the effect of the distance Infection Control Education Program (ICEP), developed based on the ADDIE model, on infection control knowledge, attitude, and performance among care workers in long-term care facilities nationwide. The program, developed based on the ADDIE model, was applied to 173 care workers directly responsible for nursing care of elderly residents in lomg-term care facilities. The distance ICEP for care workers was conducted through the website and lasted 30 minutes for each of the eight topics. To determine the effectiveness of the education, infection control knowledge, attitude, performance, and satisfaction were surveyed before and four weeks after the program. Differences in infection control knowledge, attitude, and performance before and after the distance ICEP were assessed by a t-test. A significant difference was observed in knowledge and infection control performance after the distance ICEP was administered to care workers. In the sub-domains of infection control performance, overall understanding of infection, regular infection control education, infection control by special pathogen (multidrug-resistant bacteria, tuberculosis, tick-borne infectious diseases), and detailed infection control education by infection site (pressure ulcers and urinary tract infections) were significantly improved. Infection control knowledge and performance improved through the distance ICEP applied to care workers. Satisfaction also displayed high scores on most items and indicated that it was helpful for infection control in facilities, confirming the effectiveness of infection control education. Based on the survey of care workers nationwide, the infection education program can be effectively used for care workers in the future.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.165-180
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• 2006

Objective : This study has been carried out to understand the effect of several herbal medicine concentrated solution on the hyperglycemic mice Induced with streptozotocin(STZ). Methods : The 60 mg/kg of STZ injection into mice twice by 24 h interval and then 120 mg/kg of STZ injection again 3 days after the earlier injection. Control group was subjected to natural recovery, however, treated groups were fed 0.2 ml of several herbal medicine-concentrated solution (PA (x2, several herbal medicine-concentrated solution 1 group); PB (x4 several herbal medicine-concentrated solution 2 group) daily for 6 weeks. Result : The weight of PA was higher than that of control, but weight of PB was lower than control. The blood level of control increased continuously, reaching to 350mg/dL after 6 weeks, however, PA and PB showed a fast reduction of blood glucose. In blood glucose tolerance test, PA and PB showed better resistance than control. The GOT level in significantly(p<0.05) decreased in PA and PB compared with control group. The BUN and creatinine levels are significantly(p<0.01) decreased in PA compared with control group. Feeding of several herbal medicine-concentrated solution in a concentration of PA had an efficient effect on regeneration or recovery of Langerhans islet and ${\beta}-cell$ damaged by STZ. More Langerhans islet and high insulin-immunohistochemical resistance were observed in PA compared with control, but they were higher in PB than in PA. The number of Langerhans islet ${\beta}-cell$ and Langerhans islet. Conclusions : The result from the six weeks of observation demonstrates that the several herbal medicine concentrated solution have a positive effect of lowering the level of blood sugar and they increased insulin concentration. They have an effect for recovery of pancreas tissue and recovery of kidney, liver function from a diabetes mellitus.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 2009

This paper focuses on vehicle fuel economy improvement using D-Range neutral control of automatic transmission. The system objected to reducing of fuel consumption during idle. Usually, turbine of conventional auto transmission is mechanically linked to wheel during idling condition. Therefore speed ratio of torque converter is zero for that period. This causes needless power loss by the torque converter slip. To improve this inefficiency automobile makers develops electronically-controlled D-range neutral control system. The D-range neutral control system minimizes slip on the torque converter by shifting gear to a neutral position during vehicle stoped with D-range gear position. However there's insufficient study about the effect of D-range neutral control system on vehicle fuel economy. In this paper, researches are performed on effect of D-range neutral control system on vehicle fuel economy by experiment with two different vehicle. And it is also estimated the effect on vehicle fuel economy using computer simulation. As a result, 1.8% of LA-4 mode fuel economy improvement can be achieved in a vehicle by D-range neutral control system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.1 s.53
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• pp.5-10
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• 2005

Studies on effect of Decyl alcohol EC and Butralin EC on tobacco sucker control were conducted in the tobacco field of Agro-tech Research Group of KT&G Central Research Institute, in 2004. Control effects of two chemicals were highest at the sucker length of 1$1\~2cm$. This indicates that the first application of Decyl alcohol should be conducted before button stage in the flue-cured and at the button stage in the burley tobacco. Effects of Decyl alcohol and Butralin on sucker control were $89.6\%\;and\;90.7\%$, respectively at 14 days after application in the variety KF118. But that of sequential application of two chemicals was $81.9\%$ at 30 days after application in the variety KF118 and $86.1\%$ in the variety KB303. Effect of two applications of Yellow ribbon or Butralin was highest in two varieties. The central downward spray showed a little higher control effect than the pouring of two chemicals. There was not significant difference of sucker control effect between forty and fifty times solution of Decyl alcohol in the variety KB303.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.200-209
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• 2017

This study examined the mediating effect of depression on the relationship between over-control parenting styles and mobile phone dependency among children. The 5th-year longitudinal data from the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) were collected from 4th grade elementary school students. The data were analyzed by the structural equation modeling and bootstrapping. The results of this study were as follows. First, there is a positive path from over-control parenting styles to depression, from depression to mobile phone dependency, and from over-control parenting styles to mobile phone dependency. Second, depression had a mediating effect on the association between over-control parenting styles and mobile phone dependency. Based on these results, more study of elementary school students' reliance on cell phones is needed.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.171-185
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• 2007

1. Objectvies This experimental study was designed to investigate the effect of cheongpesagan-tang extract on the obstruction of the lipase activity and weight, plasma, UCP1, 2 mRNA in db/db mouse. Material and Methods: The body weight loss, food intake, feeding efficiency ratio, weight of the internal organs (liver, kidney, epididymal fat, brown adipose tissue), plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, white adipose tissue, adipocyte size distribution, expression of UCP1, 2 mRNA were measured in db/db mouse administered Cheongpesagan-tang extract for 6 weeks. These were then compared with those of control groups administered the diet. 2. Results 1) Inhibitory effect against lipase activity was Kilgyung(81.7%), Nabokja (73.1%), Seungma(73.0%), Daewhang (68.4%), Kalgeun (55.3%), Kobon(34.5%), Hwanggeum(4.2%). 2) In the sample group, the body weight was significantly decrease than that of control group. 3) In the sample group, the weight of epididymal fat showed significantly decrease than that of control group. 4) In the sample group, triglyceride showed significantly decrease than that of control group. 5) In the sample group, distribution of adipose tissue showed significantly larger than that of control group. 6) In the sample group, UCP1, 2 mRNA in BAT showed significantly increase than that of control group. 3. Conclusions These results show that cheongpesagan-tang has an effect on the treatment of obesity.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.403-424
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• 1999

To evaluate the antitumor activity, antimetastatic and radioprotective effects of Kamisasammaekmundongtang(KSMT), studies were done experimentally. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In cytotoxicity against P388, A549 and B16-F10, KSMT was not showed satisfiable cytotoxicity as compared with control. 2. In Inhibitory effect on activity of DNA topoisomerase I, KSMT has strong inhibitory effect. 3. The inhibitory effect on adhesion of A549 to complex extracellular matrix was significantly increased at 0.5mg/ml, 1mg/ml of KSMT. 4. The T/C% was 122 in KSMT treated group in S-180 bearing ICR mice. 5. In antiangiogenetic effect on CAM assay, inhibitory rate was 33% in KSMT treated group. 6. In pulmonary colonization assay, a number of colonies in the lungs were decreased significantly in KSMT treated group as compared with control group. 7. By FACS analysis of splenic leukocyte after exposure to radiation by linear accelerator, T-helper cell, B cell and macrophage in KSMT treated group were significantly increased while splenocytes were decreased in control group. 8. In histological changes of jejunum of $Bald{\setminus}C$ mice after exposure to radiation by linear accelerator, exclusion and fusion of villi were decreased as compared with control group. But in duodenum and ileum, exclusion and fusion of villi were not decreased as compared with control group. 9. WBC, PLT were increased in KSMT treated group as compared with control group after exposure to radiation by linear accelerator, but the increasing effect was not significant. Above results suggest that KSMT may be useful in prevention of cancer metastasis and protection from damage by radiotherapy. But the further study of KSMT would be demanded.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 1996

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of long-term(6 Month) aquatic exercise through home nursing care demonstration on body weight, body fat, pain, muscle strength, self-efficacy and quality of life. Twenty-one women with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled in the study. The sample was restricted to women in order to increase homogeneity. All patients were stable medication regimens in rheumatism center. The data was collected from October, 1994 to November, 1995. The data were analyzed Mean, Standard Deviation, $x^2$ Test, Mann-Whitney U-Wilcoxon Rank Sum W Test, Wilcoxon Matched-pairs signed-ranks test using SPSS $pc^+$ program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There was no significant difference between the control and the experimental group on body weight. 2. There was no significant difference between the control and the experimental group on body fat. 3. There was no significant difference between the control and the experimental group on pain(RAI). 4. There was no significant difference between the control and the experimental group on muscle strength. 5. There was no significant difference between the control and the experimental group on quality of life. But in the experimental group, finding from additional analysis showed significant difference in the score of quality of life between pre and post experiment. 6. There was no significant difference between the control and the experimental group on self-efficacy. The findings in this study were not support the positive effect of long-term aquatic exercise in women with rheumatoid arthritis. A further study is necessary to determine the pure effect of aquatic exercise except the effect of home nursing care.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.1266-1276
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• 2018

In this paper, three-dimensional neutronic calculations were performed in order to calculate the dependency of CRW on the temperature of fuel and moderator and the moderator void. Calculations were performed using the known MTR_PC computer codes in the core configuration 61 of TRR. The dependency of CRW on the fuel temperature in the range of $20-340^{\circ}C$ and the moderator temperature of each control rods were studied. Based on the positions of the control rods, the calculations were performed in three different cases, named case A, B and C. By the results, the worth of each control rods increases by increasing of the coolant temperature in all methods, however, the total CRW is somewhat independent of the fuel temperature. In addition, the results showed that the variation of CRW versus density depends on the positions of the control rods and the most change in CRW in the coolant temperature, $20-100^{\circ}C$ (279 pcm), belongs to SR4. Finally the effect of void on CRW was studied for different void fraction in coolant. The most worth change is about $2 for 40% void fraction related to SR1 and SR3 in case B. For 40% void fraction, the total CRW increases about $7.5, $6 and $7 in cases, A, B and C, respectively.