• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2010

Response surface methodology was used to predict the optimum conditions of explosive puffing process for ginseng. A central composite design was used to monitor the effect of moisture content and puffing pressure on dependent variables such as functional compounds (extract yield, crude saponin, acidic polysaccharide, and total phenolic content) and sensory properties. Correlation coefficients $(R^2)$ of models for crude saponin, acidic polysaccharide, and total phenolic content were 0.9176 (p<0.05), 0.9494 (p<0.05), and 0.9878 (p<0.001), respectively. Functional compounds increased with decreasing moisture content and increasing puffing pressure. Overall palatability was high at 15-20% moisture content and 98-294 kPa of puffing pressure. On the basis of superimposed contour maps for functional compounds and overall palatability of puffed ginseng, the optimum ranges of puffing conditions were 10-17% moisture content and 294-392 kPa puffing pressure.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.514-517
• /
• 2014

In this paper, alternative dynamic features for speech recognition are proposed. The goal of this work is to improve speech recognition accuracy by deriving the representation of distinctive dynamic characteristics from a speech spectrum. This work was inspired by two temporal dynamics of a speech signal. One is the highly non-stationary nature of speech, and the other is the inter-frame change of a speech spectrum. We adopt the use of a sub-frame spectrum analyzer to capture very rapid spectral changes within a speech analysis frame. In addition, we attempt to measure spectral fluctuations of a more complex manner as opposed to traditional dynamic features such as delta or double-delta. To evaluate the proposed features, speech recognition tests over smartphone environments were conducted. The experimental results show that the feature streams simply combined with the proposed features are effective for an improvement in the recognition accuracy of a hidden Markov model-based speech recognizer.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 2003

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) fungi naturally colonise American ginseng roots and this relationship is highly beneficial to enhance plant productivity. Our goal was to determine the effect of adding two Glomus species (Glomus etuticatum, G. intraradices) on survival, photosynthetic capacity, growth, morphology and root ginsenoside content of one-year-old American ginseng plants grown in a broadleaf forest. While our study revealed that VAM inoculations significantly affected root morphology and Re ginsenoside content, the survival, photosynthetic capacity and root growth of American ginseng plants were not significantly influenced by VAM inoculations. Surface area and volume of rootlets were 16-25% higher for ginseng grown in VAM-inoculated soil compared to those grown in the control plots. Also, Re ginsenoside content was 18 ％ higher in YAM-inoculated roots compared to controls.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.285-291
• /
• 2000

Influence of silane coupling agent, bis-(3-(triethoxisilyl)-propyl)-tetrassulfide, on cure characteristics and bound rubber content of filled styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds and on physical properties of the vulcanizates was studied. Carbon black-filled and silica-filled compounds were compared. Content of the bound rubber increased with increased content of the silane coupling agent and this trend was shown more clearly in the silica-filled compounds. Optimum cure time of the carbon black-filled compound increased with increase of the silane content, while that of the silica-filled one decreased. Cure rate of the carbon black-filled compound became slower as the silane content increased while that of the silica-filled one became faster. By increasing the silane content, the minimum torque decreased and the delta torque increased. Physical properties of the silica-filled vulcanizate were found to be improved by adding the silane coupling agent. However, for the carbon black-filled vulcanizates, the tensile strength and tear resistance decreased with increase of the silane content. The differences between the carbon black-filled and silica-filled compounds were explained by difference in the reactivities of the fillers with the silane.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.423-431
• /
• 2022

Although the influence of moisture content on the mechanical properties of concrete has been studied for a long time, research related to its influence on the damping and energy dissipation property of concrete structure is still very limited. In this paper, the relationship between damping property and moisture content of concrete using cyclic uniaxial compression is firstly presented, and the mechanism of the influence of moisture content on concrete damping and energy dissipation capacity is analyzed. Based on the experimental research, moisture-related damping and energy dissipation model is proposed. Results show that the dissipated energy of concrete and loss factor increase as the moisture content increasing. The energy dissipation coefficient reflecting the influence of stress level of concrete under cyclic load, decreases first and then increases as the moisture content increasing. The mechanism of moisture-related energy dissipation behavior can be divided into the reactive force of water, the development of the internal micro cracks and the pore water pressure. Finally, the proposed moisture-related damping and energy dissipation model are verified.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.130-136
• /
• 2004

Presence of water in the lubricating oils could be one of the first indicators of potentially expensive and possibly catastrophic failure of the machine as it may cause displace the oil films to prevent the lubrication function of the oil or chemically react with many oil additives resulting in the oil degradation. In order to detect water content quantitatively in lubricating oils many methods and sensors has been developed. Among these, capacitive sensors including sensitive layer, whose dielectric factor changes according to the water content absorbed in the layer, are proposed mainly in the market. But these sensors are not sensitive to a high water content. Besides, the absorbing layer soils in time. In this work, an evaporation of water moisture from oil into air volume above lubricant surface and condensation of water vapor at a cooling surface was used to measure water content quantitatively in an lubricating oil. Laboratory test results of a prototype sensor were presented. Test results showed that the proposed method could be avaliable to measure a low levels of oil moisture.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.306-310
• /
• 2007

Setoka (Tangor Norin No.8) is a superior tangor cultivar cultivated in a greenhouse on Jeju Island, and its ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content was determined during the ripening season (September 2005 to March 2006). The ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content of the peel of Setoka fruits was higher than that of the flesh. Also, the ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content in both peel and flesh gradually increased through the ripening season from the beginning of pigmentation, and then decreased slightly late in the ripening season. The ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content in the peel of Setoka fruits varied throughout the season with values of 0.02 (Sep), 0.67 (Nov.), 2.27 (Dec.), 2.88 (Jan.), 2.27 (Feb.), and 2.13 mg% (Mar.). The ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content in Setoka fruit flesh increased throughout the ripening season with values of 0.05 (Sep.), 0.22 (Nov.), 0.57 (Dec.), 0.80 (Jan.), and 0.91 mg% (Feb).

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.235-238
• /
• 2005

A new mesh reconstruction scheme for approximating a surface from a set of unorganized 3D points is proposed. The proposed method, called a shrink-wrapped boundary face (SWBF) algorithm, produces the final surface by iteratively shrinking the initial mesh generated from the definition of the boundary faces. SWBF surmounts the genus-0 spherical topology restriction of previous shrink-wrapping-based mesh generation techniques and can be applied to any type of surface topology. Furthermore, SWBF is significantly faster than a related algorithm of Jeong and others, as SWBF requires only a local nearest-point-search in the shrinking process. Our experiments show that SWBF is very robust and efficient for surface reconstruction from an unorganized point cloud.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.239-246
• /
• 2022

In this study, the dietary fiber content of 33 kinds of agricultural products and seaweeds was compared with that of raw products after heat treatment. To verify the total dietary fiber analysis method, the recovery rate was reviewed by measuring the total dietary fiber content for 4 standard certified substances. As a result, the recovery rate of the analysis value for the true value was 98.8%~103.1%, which was judged to be reliable. The total dietary fiber of vegetables ranged between 0.61~5.36 g/100 g for raw vegetables and 0.55~4.84 g/100 g for heat-treated vegetables. Among the 24 kinds of vegetables used in the analanalysis, the total dietary fiber content of heat-treated Korean radish (3.13 g/100 g) was the highest compared to that of raw radish (0.61 g/100 g). The total dietary fiber of beans was between 13.86~29.69 g/100 g for raw beans and 6.72~18.40 g/100 g for heat-treated beans. In particular, the total dietary fiber content of sword beans was the highest in both raw (29.69 g/100 g) and boiled (18.40 g/100 g) beans. The total dietary fiber content of the three types of seaweed was 1.93~4.85 g/100 g in raw seaweed and 0.99~5.72 g/100 g in heat-treated seaweed.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.18 no.1 s.91
• /
• pp.117-124
• /
• 2006

The effects of binder content and recycling mixed waste plastics(PA) content on the workability, work life and hardening shrinkage of fresh polymer concrete using mixed waste plastics are examined. As a result, the workability of the polymer concretes using mixed waste plastics tend to improve with increasing binder content, PA content and filler content. The work life of the polymer concretes using mixed waste plastics is shortened with an increase in the initiator content and curing temperature. The length change of the polymer concretes using mixed waste plastics tend to increased with Increasing binder content and PA content. The result of the present research is expected to make a contribution to the recycling of final mixed waste plastics and the continuing efforts for the development of use of the recycled products are thought to expand the horizon for the recycling of the final mixed waste plastics.