• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.183-199
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• 2012

Since the Framework Act on Healthy Families came into effect in 2005, family policy has become a primary field of social policy, and 'family' has emerged as an important keyword for solving Korean society's various phenomena and problems. In order to seek practical plans for reforming social policy through family policy, this thesis has analyzed the transitional characteristics of Korean families in relation to where Korean families currently stand and the situation they are facing. This thesis has also reviewed the content of family policy in the master plan of healthy families, the starting point of the actual family policy, and other related policies. It also has analyzed the key content of child care support policy. From these various analyses and discussions, this thesis has emphasized "family care" as the keyword of family policy, family effect analysis as the means of reinforcing family perspective, and family integrity for policy effectiveness.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.847-864
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• 2015

This study aimed to develop models of sulfate diffusion and ettringite content profile in cement paste for the predication of the damage behavior in cement paste subject to external sulfate. In the models, multiphase reaction equilibrium between ions in pore solution and solid calcium aluminates phases and the microstructure changes in different positions of cement paste were taken into account. The distributions of expansive volume strain and expansion stress in cement paste were calculated based on the ettringite content profile model. In addition, more sulfate diffusion tests and SEM analyses were determined to verify the reliability and veracity of the models. As the results shown, there was a good correlation between the numerical simulation results and experimental evidences. The results indicated that the water to cement ratio (w/c) had a significant influence on the diffusion of sulfate ions, ettringite concentration profile and expansion properties in cement paste specimens. The cracking points caused by ettringite growth in cement paste specimens were predicted through numerical methods. According to the simulation results, the fracture of cement paste would be accelerated when the specimens were prepared with higher w/c or when they were exposed to sulfate solution with higher concentration.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.731-737
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• 2015

This study was conducted to compare the meat qualities of loin (m. longissimus dorsi) and top round (m. semimembranosus) from Hanwoo and Holstein veal. Ten Hanwoo and Holstein calves were randomly selected from a local cattle farm and raised. They were slaughtered when they were 8 mon old and weighed. Weight and percentage in primal cuts and slaughter performance of Hanwoo and Holstein veal calves are obtained. Immediately after weighting, slices of loin and top round muscles were sampled. After vacuum packaging, the samples were subjected to proximate composition, physicochemical and microbiological analyses. Dressing weight and percentage were heavier and greater (p<0.05) in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo. Water contents of the top round muscle was higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo (p<0.05). Water-holding capacity, protein content and CIE L* (lightness) of both muscles were higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo veal, whereas fat content, pH, cooking loss, a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) were higher in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal (p<0.05). Thiobarbituric acid and volatile basic nitrogen values of both the muscles were lower in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal during the first 10 d of storage (p<0.05).

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to improve the drying quality and drying rate of ginseng slices by combining microwave and far-infrared drying techniques. Methods: Based on single-factor experiments and analyses, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design was adopted to study the effects of the moisture content at the conversion point between the microwave and far-infrared techniques, the ginseng slice thickness and the far-infrared drying temperature on the chip drying time, the surface color difference value, the nutritional composition and the surface shrinkage rate index. Results: Compared to the far-infrared drying alone, the combined microwave and far-infrared drying resulted in an increase in the saponin content of the ginseng slices and reductions in the drying time, surface color difference, and shrinkage rate. Conclusions: We established a mathematical model of the relationships between the surface shrinkage rate index and the experimental factors using the multi-objective nonlinear optimization method to determine the optimal parameter combination, which was confirmed to be the following: microwave and far-infrared moisture contents of 65%, a ginseng slice thickness of 1 mm, and a far-infrared drying temperature of $54^{\circ}C$.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.160-169
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• 2009

This study was performed to examine the quality characteristics of red ginseng wet noodles prepared with additions of carrageenan, xanthan gum, or guar gum. The quality characteristics of the samples were estimated in terms of their general composition, color differences, cooking characteristics, textural attributes, sensory qualities, and microbial growth during storage. The results were as follows. Protein content was significantly decreased in the guar gum added group and ash content was significantly increased in the carrageenan added group (p<0.05). Lipid, water, and Na contents were not significant different among the groups. However, water binding capacity was significantly increased in the group with added xanthan gum. Over 10 weeks of storage, water contents did not differ significantly between the xanthan gum and guar gum added groups. In all the added gum groups, L- and a- values were significantly increased whereas b- values decreased (p<0.05). In texture profile analyses, chewiness, cohesiveness, hardness, and springiness were significantly increased in the carrageenan and xanthan gum added groups (p<0.05). According to sensory evaluations, surface color, red ginseng flavor, red ginseng taste, softness, chewiness, and overall acceptability were considered very good in the xanthan gum and guar gum added groups (p<0.05). Therefore, the red ginseng noodles containing xanthan gum and guar gum were deemed most preferable and presented the safest shelf-life during 10 weeks at -$10^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

Hyperspectral reflectance and fluorescence scattering have been researched recently for measuring fruit post-harvest quality and condition. And they are promising for nondestructive detection of fruit quality. The objective of this research was to develop a model, which measure the quality of apple by using hyperspectral reflectance and fluorescence. A violet laser (408 nm) and a quartz tungsten halogen light were used as light sources for generating laser induced fluorescence and reflectance scattering in apples, respectively. The laser induced fluorescence and reflectance of 'Golden Delicious' apples were measured by using a hyperspectral imaging system. Fruit firmness, soluble solids and acid content were measured using standard destructive methods. Principal component analyses were performed to extract critical information from both hyperspectral reflectance and fluorescence data and this information was then related to fruit quality indexes. The fluorescence models had poorer predictions of the three quality indexes than the reflectance models. However, the prediction models of integrating fluorescence and reflectance performed consistently better than the individual models of either reflectance or fluorescence. The correlation coefficient for fruit firmness, soluble solid content, and tillable acidity from the integrated model was 0.86, 0.75, and 0.66 respectively. Also the standard errors were 6.97 N, 1.05%, and 0.07% respectively.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.984-989
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• 2011

Electrical insulation is one of the most important part in a high voltage apparatus. Recently, researchers are interested in the environmental friendly vegetable oil from environmental viewpoint. Accelerated aging transformer insulating material in vegetable oil was compared to that of mineral oil. Accelerated aging oil samples produced in the oven at $140^{\circ}C$ for 500, 1000, 1500, 2000hours. And Real transformer insulation oils samples of vegetable oil and mineral oil were aged by thermal cycles repeating from $30^{\circ}C$ to $120^{\circ}C$. Samples were analyzed at 42, 63, 93, 143, 190, 240, 300 cycles. The mineral and vegetable insulating oils were investigated for breakdown voltage, water content, total acid number, viscosity, volume resistivity, insulating paper and oil permittivity, and dissolved gas analyses. The breakdown voltage of the vegetable insulating oil is higher than that found for the mineral oil; the accelerated aging progress decreased the breakdown voltage. The vegetable oil had a higher water saturation than the mineral oil; the vegetable oil has the superior water characteristics and breakdown voltage. And high viscosity of vegetable oil, care has to be taken, especially when designing the cooling system for a large transformer.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.683-696
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• 2000

To examine the blood lipids, muscle strength and flexibility at low back, and muscle strength in the knee joint, 44 women, who were diagnosed as chronic low back pain patients and aged between 40 to 50 years old, were recruited as the subjects. The women were divided into two groups: 1) body fat content less than 25% and 2) body fat content more than 30%. The results were: 1) No differences were found between two groups in blood lipids status. 2) The total cholesterol were less 3.78% in the normal group than the obese group. 3) The HDL-cholesterol were higher 4.85% in the normal group than the obese group. 4) The TG were less 13.1% in the normal group than the obese group. 5) No differences were found between two groups in muscle strength and flexibility 6) No differences were found between two groups in the peak torque of knee joint 7) The total work of the knee joints were higher in the normal group than the obese(P<.05). 8) The abdominal strength were higher 34.04% in the normal group than the obese group. 9) The flexibility of low back were higher 44.54% in the normal group than the obese group.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.191-208
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• 2011

The quantitative study investigated perceptions of evaluative criteria in L2 writing between two groups - learners (N=212) and instructors (N=52) in Korea. Specifically, the purpose of the study is (1) to examine learners' and instructors' perceptions on evaluative criteria in L2 writing and to provide empirical evidence concerning how they respond to a list of them and (2) to ultimately devise appropriate rating criteria applicable to an EFL context like Korea. Analyses of evaluative criteria were conducted using factor analysis and yielded the following results: learner and instructor groups perceived the evaluative criteria differently and weighted them in a different way. For the learner group, the combined elements of grammar and language in use were identified as Factor 1 and mechanics as Factor 2. The results may infer that learners' response patterns are primarily linked to their instructors' writing practice in class, which may largely focus on grammatical knowledge based on lexical use and mechanical accuracy. Similarly, the instructor group acknowledged grammatical knowledge as Factor 1 and lexical use as Factor 2. The first two factors found in both learner and instructor groups indicate that in an EFL context like Korea, the form-then-content way of teaching and learning is still being considered more effective in L2 writing than any other method. Taking into consideration these perceptive similarities and differences between learners and instructors, the categories of evaluative criteria in writing include content and organization, grammar, mechanics, language in use, and flow of the essay, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2015

The objective of the study is to verify a new calibration equation of dry density and water contents with TDR. Since the traditional calibration equation was proposed, some research to develop a new calibration equation has been conducted by several researchers. As traditional calibration equation is difficult to be applied for loose soil and fine-grained soil at high water contents, this study developed a new calibration equation. Thus, this study introduces a new calibration equation and its applicability by comparing TDR test results with conventional test results. Based on the analyses, the calibration equation for water content has large error. A new calibration equation was proposed and it showed more than 95% accuracy for estimating water content of soil.