• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1101-1110
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• 2003

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify the stage of change of smoking cessation behavior and investigate factors associated with the stage of smoking cessation behavior according to the transtheoretical model. Methods. The participants, 297 smokers & quitters were selected by a stratified random sampling from 127 high school sophomore students in B city. Data were collected from April 6th to 16th, in 2002 using the structured self-report questionnaire. Results. The subjects were distributed in each stage of change of smoking cessation behavior: there were 46 subjects (15.5%) in precontemplation, 73 subjects (24.6%) in contemplation, 67 subjects(22.3%) in preparation, 56 subjects (18.5%) in action, 55 subjects (18.5%) in maintenance. Compared to the precontemplation and contemplation, people in preparation tended to smoke daily more and smoked for a shorter time, and as precontemplation progressed to the maintenance, past 1 year smoking cessation frequency increased and friends smoking decreased. Smoking onset age was the earliest in preparation, and the latest in maintenance. Helping relationships and self relationships are used a lot in precontemplation and also in contemplation. In preparation, self liberation and helping relationships are used a lot, in action, self liberation and helping relationships, and in maintenance, self liberation and environmental reevaluation. At each stage, the score of negative affect situation was the highest, but the one of negative affect situation, positive social situation, habitual strength, weight control decreased as precontemplation progressed to the maintenance. While the score of social pros and coping pros decreased with increasing stage, the one of cons tended to increase. Through stepwise discriminant analysis, it was found that social pros, smoking onset age, delf-libration were the most influencing powers among factors associated with the stages of smoking cessation behavior. Conclusions. This study suggested that, in developing an effective smoking cessation intervention for adolescents, all the stage of a client's cessation had to be assessed prior to applying intervention programs. In addition, the results of this study will become a pillar of smoking cessation program planning and application.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.723-733
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• 2011

동시대 예술(Contemporary Art )에서 예술 작품의 감상은 과거 전통적 미술과 뉴 미디어 아트(New Media Art)로 이분법적 감상방식을 요구한다. 이것은 뉴 미디어 아트의 수용방식인 능동적 참여와 소통에서 이루어지는 감상과 작품과 감상자의 물리적 심미적 거리를 갖고 있는 전통적 미술 감상방식과의 차이에서 찾아볼 수 있다. 이 차이는 작품의 완성에 감상자의 물리적 개입유무를 통하여 차이를 들어낸다. 다양한 동시대 예술에서의 감상이 양분화 되어 이해되는 것보다는 주요한 하나의 키워드가 동시대 예술의 감상방식에 중심에 있으면 동시대 예술의 이해가 용의 하지 않을까 한다. 해서 이런 이분화 된 감상이 감상자의 상호 작용성의 정도에 따라 달라지는 것이 아닌 하나의 감상법으로 감상하면 어떨까. 새로운 용어의 등장이 아닌 과거 예술 감상의 중요한 용어인 관조를 재해석을 통하여 전통적 미술과 뉴 미디어 아트의 공동감상 키워드로 제안해 보고자 한다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was performed to identify factors associated with drinking behavior using Transtheoretical Model in workers. Method: The study method was a survey of 216 marine shipping metal workers in Koje city from November 11, 2002 to November 30, 2002. Result: The subjects were divided in four stages of drinking behavior: 38.9% in pre contemplation stage, 38.6% in contemplation stage, 17.6% in preparation stage and 7.9% in action & maintenance stage. The amount of drinking was significantly decreased as the workers progressed through each stage. Helping relationships(HR) and Self reevaluation(SR) were identified as the main processes of change in all stages. Self liberation(SEL), Counter conditioning(CC), Helping relationships(HR), Self reevaluation(SR), Dramatic relief (DR) and Social liberation(SL) were used higher than average. The self efficacy score increased as the workers progressed through each stage, but not significantly. The Pros score of decisional balance was the highest in the pre contemplation stage and decreased as the workers progressed through each stage. but not significantly. The Cons score of decisional balance was the highest in the preparation stage, but not significantly in as the workers progressed through each stage. Conclusion: This study can provide the basis of a staged matching alcohol reducing program using TTM for more effective and useful intervention.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6095-6101
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• 2013

Few studies have examined the relationship between social support and stages of adoption of cancer screening. Here we investigated associations between both structural and functional aspects of social support and stages of adoption of gastric cancer screening in the general population of Korea. The study population was derived from the 2011 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), an annual cross-sectional survey that uses nationally representative random sampling to investigate cancer screening rates. Data were analyzed from 3,477 randomly selected respondents aged 40-74 years. Respondents were classified according to their stage of adoption of gastric cancer screening: precontemplation (13.2%), contemplation (18.0%), action/maintenance (56.1%), relapse risk (8.5%), and relapse stage (4.1%). Respondents with larger social networks were more likely to be in the contemplation/action/maintenance, or the relapse risk/relapse stages versus the precontemplation stage (OR=1.91, 95%CI: 1.52-2.91; p for tend=0.025). Emotional and instrumental supports were not associated with any stage of adoption of gastric cancer screening. However, respondents who reported receiving sufficient informational support were more likely to be in the relapse risk/relapse stages versus the precontemplation, or the contemplation/action/maintenance stage (p for trend=0.016). Interventions involving interactions between social network members could play an important role in increasing participation in gastric cancer screening.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.262-268
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the differences by the stages of change in exercise behaviors of caregivers based on Transtheoretical Model. Methods: The subjects were consisted of randomly chosen 105 caregivers working in a nursing home. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-square test, ANOVA and Duncan test using IBM SPSS Statistics 19. Results: The results showed that in the stages of exercise behaviors, there were most participants in contemplation stage with 24.7%, followed by 22.8% in preparation, 21.9% maintenance, 19.0% action and 11.4% pre-contemplation. As for the process of change by the stages of change in exercise behaviors, it showed statistically significant differences in behavioral strategies (F=7.64, p<.001). In decisional balance, pros (F=3.75, p=.007) showed statistical significance, with higher pros in all stages except pre-contemplation. Self-efficacy was also statistically significant (F=6.25, p<.001), especially in the maintenance stage. Conclusion: This study suggested that in order to encourage caregivers to exercise, a strategic intervention to reinforce the process of change, recognition of positive decision-making and promotion of self-efficacy in exercise behaviors should be developed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.724-733
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• 2022

본 논문의 목적은 미디어의 작용으로 나타나는 수용자의 심리를 몰입과 관조의 상호작용 관점에서 설명하는 것이다. 미디어는 인간에게 특정한 대상이나 의미를 지각하고 사유할 수 있도록 해준다. 아울러 미디어는 지각과 사유의 대상을 확장시키거나 또는 변화시키는 기능을 수행한다. 맥루한이나 루만의 이론은 특히 미디어가 수용자를 몰입시키는 것뿐만 아니라 관조할 수 있도록 하여, 지각의 상태를 변화시키는 미디어의 기능을 강조하였다. 영화의 탄생으로 출발한 영상 미디어 역사를 해석해보면, 이 점을 확인할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 영화와 컴퓨터 게임 미디어를 통해 몰입과 동시에 그와는 대조적인 관조의 심리작용이 발생되는 사례를 살펴보았다. 아울러 최근 기술혁신으로 수용자에게 강한 몰입을 유도하는 VR 미디어를 살펴보면서, VR의 수용자에게도 역시 관조의 심리가 발생할 수 있다는 점을 고찰하였다. 틸트 브러쉬와 VR 페인팅 퍼포먼스의 사례를 통해 VR 미디어가 수용자로 하여금 가상현실을 관조할 수 있는 방향으로도 또한 발전하였음을 알 수 있다. 그리고 이러한 현상에서 핫미디어의 극단화가 내부확산을 일으킨다는 맥루한과 미디어가 자기지시적으로 진화한다는 루만의 이론적 설명을 이해할 수 있다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.164-176
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• 2000

Purpose : This study was done to identify the factors of decisional balance for smoking cessation among middle aged men in Korea. This was composed of a set of variables at the level of decision making when middle aged men decide to stop smoking. It was used to classify and identify the characteristics of the stages of change for smoking cessation to which the middle aged men belong, and was used to identify the variables of decisional balance which influenced the stages of change for smoking cessation in middle aged men. Methods : A convenience sample of 169 men who had smoked and were smoking, were between age 30 and 60 and lived in Seoul(mean age=44), were selected from the community. The data was collected from December 10, 1999 to February 28, 2000. The research instrument was the Decisional Balance Measure for Smoking Cessation (Velicer et al., 1985). and Stage of Change Measure(DiClemente et al., 1991). The data were analyzed using the SAS Program. Results : 1. According to stage of change measure, the 169 subjects were distributed in each stage of change for smoking cessation: in the pre-contemplation stage 63 subjects(32.7%), contemplation stage 60 subjects (35.5%), preparation stage 17 subjects(10.1%), and maintenance stage 29 subjects(17.2%). 2. Factor analysis identified 4 factors of decisional balance as appropriate factors for smoking cessation of middle aged men. There were named by the researchers; 1)'Perceived Burden to Self', 2)'Perceived Benefit to Others' 3)'Perceived Approval to Others', and 4)'Perceived Disapproval to Self'. 3. Analysis of variance showed that the three components, 1)'Perceived Burden to Self(F=8.50, P=.0001)', 2)'Perceived Benefit to Others(F=3.19, P=.025)' and 3)'Perceived DisApproval to Self(F=2.87, P=.038)were significantly associated with stage of change. 4. Through discriminant analysis, it was found that 'Perceived Burden to self' was the most influential variable in discriminating the four stages of change(pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, and maintenance). Conclusion : The results are consistent with the application of the Transtheoretical model, which has been used to understand how people change health behavior. Even though this study is a cross-sectional, not a longitudinal study, the findings of this study give useful information for smoking cessation intervention for the middle aged men.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2008

For the correct dietary habit and balanced dietary intake of aged people, the nutrition management that fits to the dietary behavior change stage has to be accomplished. In order to do so, in this paper, we chose 175 women that are aged more than 65 years old who are rural long life community residents and surveyed the dietary intake for 2 days including a twice depth interview and the 24 hour recall method. Also, for the sake of our aim, using the transtheoretical model, the dietary behavior change stage group was divided into the contemplation stage group, the preparation stage group, the action stage group and the maintenance stage group. The results are as follows: In the intake amount of protein (p < 0.01), vitamin $B_1$ (p < 0.05) and vitamin $B_6$ (p < 0.05), the intake amount of these nutrients in the action stage group and the maintenance stage group were significantly larger than the intake amount in the contemplation stage group and the preparation stage group. The nutrition evaluation according to the dietary behavior change stage, the ratio of subjects who took insufficient amount of energy, protein, vitamin A, and vitamin C were low as the dietary behavior change stage was upgraded. The subjects of maintenance stage group were most likely to consume vegetables more than once a day, and consume fruits and milk and milk products more than 5 times/week. MAR [13], MAR [10] and MAR [4] of subjects in the action stage group and the maintenance stage group were significantly higher than MAR [13], MAR [10] and MAR [4] of subjects in the contemplation stage group and the preparation stage group (p < 0.001). From the above results, there were differences of nutrient intakes according to the dietary behavior change stage. Therefore, it is considered that the intervention for the dietary behavior motivation induction has to be advanced before accomplishing the individually fitting intervention at the time of nutrient management intervention.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.917-917
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• 2006

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.2 (1)
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• pp.679-681
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• 2001

본 연구는, 저작권에 대한 윤리학적 근거를 분석하고 저작권이 지니는 한계를 고찰하여 최근 빈발하고 있는 소프트웨어 불법 복제 문제에 대한 실질적 대안을 모색하고자 한다. 그 주요 내용은 1) 소프트웨어저작권의 윤리학적 근거, 2) 불법 복제 방지에 있어서 저작권의 한계 고찰, 3) 불법 복제 방지를 위한 실질적 대안의 모색으로 이루어져 있다.