• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to understand the consumer non-ethical behavior and the interaction with salespersons and their relationships. For this purpose, adults in Chunlabuk-do were surveyed and 675 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS statistical program. The results of the analysis were as follows: 1. Three dimensions of the consumer non-ethical behaviors were the unconscience, the illegality, and the deception. Two dimensions of the interaction with salespersons were the passive and the assertive interactions. 2. There were two clusters respectively; ethical and non-ethical groups for the consumer non-ethical behavior/ passive and assertive groups for the interaction with salespersons. 3. Generally, the more educated and the older persons were, the less they tended to be ethical and the more passively they tended to interact with the salespersons. 4. There were significant differences between the clusters of consumer non-ethical behavior and those of interaction. The non-assertive interaction group were found more in the non-ethical group and the assertive interaction group more in the ethical groups.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.891-901
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• 2004

This study is to investigate the degree of consumers' non-ethical perceptions and behaviors, and to explore related variables such as demographic variables, idealism and relativism. The data used in this study were obtained by surveying 237 college students from 10th through 24th of October, 2002 in Kimhae city. We conducted a statistical analysis of the data, using percentiles, frequencies, means, t-test, ANOVA, and Multiple Regression. Consumers' non-ethical perceptions and behaviors were measured by modifying Consumer Ethics Scale(CES, Muncy & Vitell, 1992). The CES scale comprises 4 sub-factors: actively benefiting from illegal activity(CES1), passively benefiting(CES2), actively benefiting from questionable action(CES3), no harm/no foul(CES4). Average scores of consumers' non-ethical perceptions and behaviors marked below a mid-value, which means that most of the students are basically ethical. The related variable of consumers' non-ethical perceptions was idealism. The related variables of consumers' non-ethical behaviors were idealism and the amount of discretionary money. The results show that most of the participants are basically ethical as a consumer. However, the results related with the CES4 sub-factor which includes consumer attitudes toward copyrights of consumer softwares and music CDs tell us that they are relatively non-ethical. This claims an importance of consumer education to college students in regards to intellectual property.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1438-1447
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• 2004

The purpose of this study were to examine if the buyers of counterfeits tend to care less about ethical beliefs than non-buyers among Korean, Japanese, and Hong Kong consumers, and if they have more supportive attitudes toward counterfeit products. 573 female college students living in Seoul, Tokyo, and Hong Kong were surveyed. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and t-test were used. As the results, 65.8% of respondents had experiences of purchasing fashion counterfeits. Handbags among fashion counterfeits were the most frequently purchased by the respondents. The buyers of counterfeits tended to purchase counterfeit goods as more alternative of genuine products than non-buyers, and did not feel guiltier toward purchasing of counterfeits than non-buyers. Also, the buyers of counterfeits tended to have more positive attitudes toward the legality of manufacturing, selling, and buying of counterfeits than non-buyers. In addition, they tended to consider much more purchasing of counterfeits as a way to fight against big-firms than non-buyers. Finally, the buyers of counterfeits tended to have lower consumer ethics than non-buyers. Based on these results, global marketing strategies for fashion goods were suggested.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.417-423
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the consumers' ethics depending on consumers' characteristics. From the exploratory factor analysis, consumers' ethics were composed of four sub-factors such as actively benefiting from non-ethic behavior, actively benefiting from illegal behavior, benefiting from passively illegal behavior, and benefiting from others' costs. As results of this study, followings were found: 1) non-city residents, females, and 20's aged group tended to be more non-ethical rather than city residents, males and other aged group, respectively. 2) Group of middle school education tended to behave actively illegal compared with that of the graduate school education. 3) Religious values influenced on consumers' ethics. 4) While the lower income group tended to be actively benefiting more from non-ethic behaviors, the upper income group from actively illegal ones.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1015-1023
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• 2006

This study examined the levels of consumers' non-ethical behaviors in the marketplace and the factors affecting each category of them. The data were collected from 222 adults in Busan and Gyeongnam areas through a self-administered questionnaire. Frequencies, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analyses were conducted by SPSS Windows. The results from this study were as follows: First, respondents showed the highest level of non-ethical behavior in the no harm/no foul category, while the lowest level in the actively benefiting from questionable behavior category. Second, as the results of multiple regression analyses, age was significant in all categories of non-ethical behaviors. In addition, religion, consumer knowledge and consumer role attitudes were found to be significant in some categories. These results imply that the consumer ethics should be included in the consumer education for more effective consumer behaviors of young generation.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2009

Counterfeiting is a fast growing market worldwide. The purposes of this study were to examine adolescents' attitudes toward counterfeits, their ethical beliefs, and reference group influence on purchasing counterfeits. Two hundred thirteen high school students in Seoul and subside, South Korea, voluntarily participated in the study. As the results, approximately 30% of the adolescents had purchased counterfeits. Also, the adolescent buyers of counterfeits tended to purchase counterfeit goods as more alternative of genuine products than non-buyers, and did have more positive feeling toward counterfeits than non-buyers of counterfeits. In addition, adolescent buyers of counterfeits had lower consumer ethics than non-buyers. Finally, adolescents who have purchased counterfeits were more influenced by their peer group than those who have not. The findings would benefit marketers and educators in understanding of adolescents' purchasing counterfeit products, and contribute to develop strategies regarding counterfeits. Based on these results, some strategies for marketers and educators would be suggested.

• 복식
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• 제63권7호
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• pp.148-163
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the attributes and internal structure of fashion brand authenticity, which is a new concept of brand association. For quantitative research, a total of 591 samples of consumer survey were taken from 24th of August to 7th of September, 2009. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The scale for the fashion brand authenticity was developed, which consisted of 33 questions. These questions estimated a total of 8 dimensions, including heritage, authority, relationship to place, consistency, non-popularity, trend leading, originality, and ethics. 2) The internal structure of the fashion brand authenticity was confirmed. The internal structure was constituted into core attributes and promoted attributes. 3) The relationship between the fashion brand authenticity and consumer related variables were found. The core attributes of authenticity were putting positive influence directly on brand loyalty. However, paths through brand attachment or brand commitment were not found. The promoted attributes showed that it had a direct negative influence on brand loyalty, but it has also showed positive influence on paths, which underwent brand attachment and commitment.

• 의료법학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.385-411
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• 2008

The goal of medicine is to contribute to promoting national health by preventing diseases and providing treatment. The scope of modern medicine isn't merely confined to disease testing, treatment and prevention in accordance to that, and making experiments by using the human body is widespread. The advance in modern medicine has made a great contribution to valuing human dignity and actualizing a manly life, but there is a problem that has still nagged modern medicine: treatment and healing for terminal patients including cancer patients. In advanced countries, pain care and hospice medicine are already universal. Offering a helping hand for terminal patients to lead a less painful and more manly life from diverse angles instead of merely focusing on treatment is called the very hospice medicine. That is a comprehensive package of medical services to take care of death-facing terminal patients and their families with affection. That is providing physical, mental and social support for the patients to pass away in peace after living a dignified and decent life, and that is comforting their bereaved families. The National Hospice Organization of the United States provides terminal patients and their families with sustained hospital care and home care in a move to lend assistance to them. In our country, however, tertiary medical institutions simply provide medical care for terminal patients to extend their lives, and there are few institutional efforts to help them. Hospice medicine is offered mostly in our country by non- professionals including doctors, nurses, social workers, pastors or physical therapists. Terminal patients' needs cannot be satisfied in the same manner as those of other patients, and it's needed to take a different approach to their treatment as well. Nevertheless, the focus of medical care is still placed on treatment only, which should be taken seriously. Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs and Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service held a public hearing on May 21, 2008, on the cost of hospice care, quality control and demonstration project to gather extensive opinions from the academic community, experts and consumer groups to draw up plans about manpower supply, facilities and demonstration project, but the institutions are not going to work on hospice education, securement of facilities and relevant legislation. In 2002, Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs made an official announcement to introduce a hospice nurse system to nurture nurse specialists in this area. That ministry legislated for the qualifications of advanced nurse practitioner and a hospice nurse system(Article 24 and 2 in Enforcement Regulations for the Medical Law), but few specific plans are under way to carry out the regulations. It's well known that the medical law defines a nurse as a professional health care worker, and there is a move to draw a line between the responsibilities of doctors and those of nurses in association with medical errors. Specifically, the roles of professional hospice are increasingly expected to be accentuated in conjunction with treatment for terminal patients, and it seems that delving into possible problems with the job performance of nurses and coming up with workable countermeasures are what scholars of conscience should do in an effort to contribute to the development of medicine and the realization of a dignified and manly life.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.27-48
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• 2011

불법 위조품은 아이디어를 내어 제품을 개발하고 투자하는 건전한 기업에 손해를 입히고 신제품 개발에 의지를 꺾는 등 사회적으로 큰 해악을 끼치고 있다. 특히 중국의 경우, 경제 성장과 동반 성장한 위조품의 규모와 내용 때문에 중국 위조품은 세계적인 문제가 되었다. 위조품은 판매자나 구매자나 모두에게 문제가 있다. 그러나 본 연구는 위조품거래 참여자 중 위조품을 구매하는 소비자에 초점을 맞추어 중국의 시장 환경에서 위조품을 구매하는 중국소비자를 대상으로 문화를 포함한 가치체계적인 관점에서 이해하고 분석하였다. 연구결과는 예상했던 것처럼 중국 소비자의 경우, 집단에 의해 영향을 받는 성향이 큰 소비자일수록 제품의 소비를 통해 자신의 가치를 알리는 명품에 대한 인지도가 높았다. 그리고 제품에 대해 인지도가 높을수록 제품에 대한 관여도도 높았으며, 관여도가 높은 소비자일수록 진품을 구매하는 경향이 높았다. 그리고 진품을 선호하는 소비자가 오히려 위조품도 선호한다는 의외의 결과도 보여 주었다. 본 연구에서 집단에 의해 영향받는 정도, 인지도, 관여도는 명품위조품의 구매행동을 설명하는 중요한 변인임을 확인하였다. 이는 중국의 문화가 유교의 영향을 받아 인간의 상호관계 속에서 사회적 지위, 신분을 과시하고자 하는 문화 현상 속에서, 명품을 소비하는 행동으로 이어지고 있으며 이러한 인식 중에 일부 왜곡된(윤리의식 부재로)인식이 위조품의 구매로 이어지고 있다고 말할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구 결과는 위조품이 소득이 낮은 소비자가 위조품을 소비할 것이라는 인식이 틀렸음을 의미한다. 위조품은 오히려 진품의 가치를 알고 있는 소비자들에 의해 구매가 이루어지고 있으며, 이러한 경우 가격의 높고 낮음은 절대 가격이 아니라 소비자가 제품을 어떻게 인식하고 있느냐에 의해, 즉 소비자가 느끼는 가치에 의해 결정된다는 사실을 확인하였다. 이는 위조제품의 구매는 가격보다 비가격요인이 더 영향을 미친다는 기타 연구결과와도 일치한다. 위조품은 자국 내의 문제에 국한되는 것이 아니라 글로벌 시대에 전 세계 유통질서를 어지럽혀 세계 여러 나라와 통상마찰을 일으키고 국가 신용도에도 악영향을 줄 수 있는 매우 심각한 사안이다. 그런 의미에서 세계 위조품 시장에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있는 중국, 그리고 중국의 위조품 소비자를 대상으로 위조품의 구매과정을 이해한 본 연구의 결과는 위조품과 관련된 중국 소비자의 의사결정과정을 이해하였다는 것 뿐만 아니라 기업의 마케터와 정책입안자에게 도움이 될 것이다.