• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.129-139
• /
• 2017

The necessity of selecting food based on correct information through nutrition ingredients included in the food is being emphasized due to the recent increase in interest of restaurant users in healthy and safe food. This study verified the structural causal relationship among consumer attitude, use reason and health-consciousness regarding nutrition information labeling and their satisfaction and revisit intent. A total of 266 surveys conducted over restaurant users residing in the Busan area was used for the final analysis of the study to attain this study's objective. The suitability of the Structural Equation Modeling and organic causation relationship was verified through the statistics programs SPSS (V 23.0) and AMOS (V 21.0) in order to attain this study's objective, and the control effect of age has been verified. The results showed that a meaningful causal relationship was confirmed in all elements excluding consumer attitude. A control effect was also confirmed in the influential relationship between use reason and satisfaction level. The results of the study suggested that the nutrition information labeling system of restaurants provides practical implications and marketing strategies for restaurant managers and government policy makers.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.75-85
• /
• 2011

This study aims to understand the experiences as consumers of Thai students studying in Korea. "Study Korea Project" which is a drive to globalize local universities by attracting more oversea students as a pull factor, and economic growth, values on education and Hallyu as push factors contribute to the increase the number of Thai students in Korea. In order to understand the experiences of Thai students as consumers studying in Korea, individual interviews were conducted. A total of 5 participants were asked about meaning of consumption in everyday life in Korea or any changes in consumption behavior compared to living in Thai. Three themes were identified through wholistic and selective approaches. First, all participants in the study said that they were surprised because of high living expense in Korea. Consequently, survival itself is too much for them and they have become more conscious of prices of goods. Secondly, since most participants in this study can control their own budget, they feel some degree of freedom and power of control of their own lives. This experience may help them to accomplish their developmental tasks during the transition to adulthood. Thirdly, they are easily imbued with Korean consumer culture. It causes various conflicts between buying and not-buying or friends gathering and saving money. Sometimes it makes them in stuck excessive consumption and financial problems. For a deeper understanding of oversea students' lives in Korea as consumers, further studies should take into consideration of not only their culture of origins, but also misconceptions that have accumulated around these students.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.390-393
• /
• 2011

The effects of differing baking ingredient formulations on physicochemical qualities and consumer preferences were investigated using sponge cakes incorporated with tomato powder, a healthy and beneficial food ingredient, as a model system. Tomato powder was incorporated into cake batter at four different amounts (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, w/w) by replacing equivalent amount of wheat flour. After appropriate mixing, sponge cakes were baked and cake quality attributes were evaluated after cooling. Specific volume decreased with an increase in the tomato powder substitution, although not significantly (p>0.05). On the other hand, baking loss increased from 10.3 (control) to 13.4 (30% sample) as the tomato powder level increased in the formulation. Lightness ($L^*$) decreased significantly from 79.5 to 74.1 whereas the firmness significantly increased with the higher incorporation of tomato powder (p<0.05). The consumer preferences on color, taste, and flavor, but not softness, were significantly affected by the amount of tomato powder incorporated in the sample (p<0.05). With respect to overall acceptability, the 20% sample received the highest mean score of 5.1, although this was not significantly different from the 10% sample or control (p>0.05). The incorporation of tomato powder, up to 20%, in the formulation of sponge cakes did not significantly influence the consumers' acceptability in all attributes tested.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Korean Wave on consumer intentions by adjusting the Korean image and image of Korean company to counterbalance the hostility through the control effect of Korean Wave. Research design and methodology - This paper measure individual and national hostility and suggest that the effect of the adjustment of Korean culture satisfaction on corporate image, product image and consumer's purchase intention. Results - This study suggests the subjects to be studied empirically by presenting research themes and models, but it is necessary to verify the model through statistical verification since it is not verified empirically. In addition, it is necessary to further control factors and identification of anti-marginal or anti-marginal products. Conclusions - This study suggests research topics that investigate how hostility affects Korean Wave in consideration of the current special situation, while conventional researches mainly focus on ethnocentrism and patriotism. In this way, this study suggests research direction that helps to enhance corporate image and product image by eliminating hostility and actively utilizing Korean Wave. The Proposal will be helpful to provide a frame for empirical analysis in future and to develop strategic means to further utilize it in international marketing.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.63-77
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and objectified body consciousness on male consumer' appearance management behavior. The subjects were 648 males aged from 20 to 59 years old, and the questionnaire consisted of sociocultural attitude toward appearance, objectified body consciousness, appearance management behavior, and subject' demographic characteristics. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, factor analysis, and regression analysis. The results were as follows. Three dimensions(appearance importance awareness, slimness importance awareness, and internalization) were emerged on sociocultural attitude toward appearance. Three dimensions(body shame, body surveillance, and control belief) were emerged on objectified body consciousness. Five dimensions(skin, hair, body, fashion, and plastic surgery management) were emerged on appearance management behavior. In sociocultural attitude toward appearance dimensions, appearance importance awareness and internalization had important effects on appearance management behavior. In objectified body consciousness dimensions, body shame and control belief had important effects on appearance management behavior. This results concluded that sociocultural attitude toward appearance and objectified body consciousness are important variables to understand on male consumer' appearance management behavior.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2006

In this paper, a novel prototype of auxiliary switched capacitor assisted voltage source soft switching PWM Single-Ended Push Pull (SEPP) series capacitor compensated load resonant inverter with two auxiliary edge resonant lossless inductor snubbers is proposed and discussed for small scale consumer high-frequency induction heating (IH) appliances. The operation principle of this inverter is described by using switching mode equivalent circuits. The newly developed multi resonant high-frequency inverter using trench gate IGBTs can regulate its output AC power via constant frequency edge-resonant associated soft switching commutation by using an asymmetrical PWM control or duty cycle control scheme. The brand-new consumer IH products which use the newly proposed edge-resonant soft switching PWM-SEPP type series load resonant high-frequency inverters are evaluated using power regulation characteristics, actual efficiency vs. duty cycle and input power vs. actual efficiency characteristics. Their operating performance compared with some conventional soft switching high-frequency inverters for IH appliances is discussed on the basis of simulation and experimental results. The practical effectiveness of the newly proposed soft switching PWM SEPP series load resonant inverter is verified from an application point of view as being suitable for consumer high-frequency IH appliances.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.83-107
• /
• 1996

The concern of external environment is growing up in the field of channel distribution. In the former channel distribution, the channel distribution environment is little bit unmoveable owing to a powerful manufacture control against poor distributor. Therefore intra-efficiency is channel member's core interest. The structure of channel governance, however, come to be changable because of the mature distributor power against manufacturer such as a Price Break, JIT of channel governance, and a serial of change. Accordingly, it is acceptable that the interest of external-environment of channel members' is more and more enlarged, and external-environment change in the channel distribution make the serious problems in intraorganizational system. Thus, it is meaningful that this study try to discover the consumer power as external environment factor and to find the best strategy to overcome this consumer power. Resource dependence theory, Transaction cost theory, Political Economic Approach, and Working partnership Approach are the theory foundation of the reasearch. Apparel franchise is a sample to analyse the hypothesis and correlation and multi-regression are a chief tools to estimate the hypothesis. Thus, the above results imply that a flexible governance is appropriate to consumer power, conflict is not intervening value between consumer power and channel governance, and the channel member's satisfaction can be confirmed in the flexible governance better than control governance.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.13-26
• /
• 2014

The theory of planned behavior proposed by Ajzen predicts that certain behaviors are determined by behavioral intentions which are affected by an attitudinal belief toward the behavior, the subject norms, and the individual's perception of their control over the behavior. This study's aim is to examine consumers' inappropriate complaint behaviors, using the theory of planned behavior. Consumers' inappropriate complaint behaviors are defined by two types, which are low -and high-intensity inappropriate complaint behavior based on the primary data collected from a group of consumer affairs professionals in the business field. The survey questionnaire was administered to 1,000 consumers via an on-line survey. The two models were assessed with path analysis in order to predict consumers' inappropriate complaint behaviors, using the theory of planned behavior. The results are as follows: First, two types of inappropriate compliant behaviors were identified according to the results of an exploratory study conducted by professionals who had been employed at the department of consumer affairs. Second, the theory of planned behavior is adequately fitted to examine the factors related to consumers' inappropriate complaint behaviors. Also, all three variables based on the theory of planned behavior, -perceived behavior control, subjective norm, and attitude-had a significant effect on inappropriate complaint behavior intention. Third, consumers' inappropriate complaint behavior intention played the most significant role in low-intensity inappropriate complaint behavior, whereas attitude was found to play a significant role in high-intensity inappropriate complaint behavior. The significance and implication were discussed in terms of effective customer management strategies.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.873-890
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among consumer's perceived risk of apparel purchase in internet shopping mall, control, and impulse buying. The subjects were 319 female college students in Gyeongsang provinces. The obtained data were analyzed by reliability analysis, analysis of frequency, factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, correlation analysis, and t-test. The major results of this study were as follows: First, three factors of consumer's perceived risk of apparel purchase in internet shopping mall were identified: size risk, trust risk, and social/psychological risk. Second, the subjects were categorized into three different types of groups according to perceived risk: high perceived risk type, middle perceived risk type, and low perceived risk type. Third, three control(self-control, goal-control, and desire for control) and three impulse buying(impulsive buying for showing off, impulsive buying for excitement, and impulsive buying due to memory) were identified. Fourth, there was significant difference between strong control group and weak control group on three factors of impulse buying. Fifth, a significant positive correlation was found size risk and three factors of control and a significant negative correlation was found self-control and three factors of impulse buying.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2006.07a
• /
• pp.264-265
• /
• 2006

This paper presents direct load control algorithm based locational and electric load characteristics. Direct load control is defined that demand-side management program activities that can interrupt consumer load at the time of annual peak load by direct control of the utility system operator by interruption power supply to individual appliances or equipment on consumer premises. Korean power system is divided into 14-areas considering branches operating in KEPCO, and electric loads are classified into 19 load groups considering interruption costs in this paper. The purpose of proposed method is to decrease social losses by controlling electric loads mainly whose interruption costs are low. It is expected that the proposed algorithm can be used as the countermeasure for the emergency state of the electric power dispatch in a operation point of view.