• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.1101-1104
• /
• 2005

As intelligence of robot is developed, consumer of robot changes by ordinary people. Intelligent service robot is produced to a target of ordinary people. It is risen that need the most service robot business. Among the control mobile robot because using network by real time. Do to appear on mobile phone LCD screen being transmitted image from device that acquire transmit of mobile phone user interface development and real time mobile robot in this study. Use the BREW that is Qualcomm's Mobile platform for mobile phone user interface development. Mobile phone JPEG compression function chooses excellent camera phone and display transmit image which send connection setting screen and mobile robot on LCD screen by real time. At the same time, materialize to make screen that can process button input that can control transfer of robot. Also, Relay Server used to help processing of protocol to control direction of mobile robot.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 2009

The essence of family health is to make the family stronger, which can be found in the philosophy of coaching that focuses on the individual's own change and development. In this context, this study aims to develop a coaching educational program at the Healthy Family Support Center. The educational program, 'The Happiness Balloon in My Mind' consists of 4 sessions, which are 'Perceiving the Balloon', 'Making the Balloon', 'Blowing up the Balloon', and 'Flying the Balloon'. Through the questionnaires that included open and closed questions, the effectiveness of the program was evaluated. The educators replied that their expectation to the program was met and they were highly satisfied with the program. They reported that the program brought the a change in life, elly, in their own consciousness. Even though the program would need to adjust its level of difficulty and scheduling, the results suggest that coaching educational program showsits own plausibility to the Healthy Family Support Center.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.78-79
• /
• 2011

Tourism demand is expected to continue to rise, actively respond to these demands and customer needs, optimize and differentiated consumer-based content development and delivery that incorporates principals of the need for mediation, is increasing. Smartphone and internet represented SNS collects information based on customer and customer needs by providing differentiated content to meet the cost and the total satisfaction of all tourism is needed to build Platform Company. Platform Company maximize the utilization of natural maritime resources, marine tourism to meet customer demand, profitable and stable income, including job creation are contributing to.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.369-378
• /
• 2018

This study started with the need for transition to competency-based education as well as the witness of fast changes in fashion industry's job environment. The goals of this study were (1) to explore fashion designers' competencies that are necessary for a successful careers in global fashion industry, and (2) to establish fashion designer competency model. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with 15 participants who have charged for design department and moreover have shown high performance in national, licence or designer brands in Korea fashion industry. Grounded theory was adopted to analyze data. As a result of analysis, the 4 core competencies emerged: problem-solving, research, inter-personal, and self-development. Each core competency has sub-competencies. Creativity, commerciality, control, decision making were sub-competencies for the problem-solving competency. Information management, innovation understanding & application, trend analysis & forecasting were sub-competencies for the research competency. Consumer, inside company, and outside company relationships were sub-competencies for the inter-personal competency. Self-awareness, self-management, expertise were sub-competencies for the self-development competency. In order to acquire these competencies, knowledge (academic, practical, multi-discipline), skills (sense, analysis, synthesis, communication), and attitude (interest, enjoyment, perseverance, personality) were essential. Based on these findings, implications for university fashion design education and further research areas were suggested.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.15-29
• /
• 2013

Today's technology enables consumers to trade millions of dollars, conduct online banking, access entertainment, and do countless other activities at the click of a button. Online social networks (OSN) have become a cultural phenomenon that allows for individualistic consumerism. Consumers are increasingly utilizing OSN to share ideas, build communities, and contact fellow consumers who are similar to themselves. The relevance of online communities to the music is immense especially because musicians are now using social media to build global audiences. Not only is information about music and performance disseminated online, but musical commodities are sold and traded online. Online music communities allow consumers to elect and create new identities online through the purchase of subcultural commodities. Given the growing economic importance of online music communities it is important to get a holistic view of subcultural communities online. This study utilized content analysis of online music community websites using the Netnography methodology as developed by Kozinet for data collection to analyze consumers' purchasing and consumption behavior of subcultural commodities online as related to the formation of subcultural identities. Findings showed that subcultural items are predominantly purchased online, especially digital music, and there is a need for more custom craft items. The authors presented a new conceptual taxonomy of online subcultural consumer classifications based on online behavior patterns.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2020.06a
• /
• pp.114-114
• /
• 2020

Water contamination in a water distribution network (WDN) is harmful since it directly induces the consumer's health problem and suspends water service in a wide area. Actions need to be taken rapidly to countermeasure a contamination event. A contaminant source ident ification (CSI) is an important initial step to mitigate the harmful event. Here, a CSI approach focused on determining the contaminant intrusion possible location and time (PLoT) is introduced. One of the methods to discover the PLoT is an inverse calculation to connect all the paths leading to the report specification of a sensor. A filtering procedure is then applied to narrow down the PLoT using the results from individual sensors. First, we spatially reduce the suspect intrusion points by locating the highly suspicious nodes that have similar intrusion time. Then, we narrow the possible intrusion time by matching the suspicious intrusion time to the reported information. Finally, a likelihood-score is estimated for each suspect. Another important aspect that needs to be considered in CSI is that there are inherent uncertainties, such as the variations in user demand and inaccuracy of sensor data. The uncertainties can lead to overlooking the real intrusion point and time. To reflect the uncertainties in the CSI process, the Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS) is conducted to explore the ranges of PLoT. By analyzing all the accumulated scores through the random sets, a spread of contaminant intrusion PLoT can then be identified in the network.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.325-344
• /
• 2014

Technical support of Window XP ended in March, 8, 2014, and it makes OS(Operating System) users fall in a state of confusion. Sudden decision making of OS upgrade and replacement is not a simple problem. Firms need to change the long term capacity plan in enterprise IS management, but they are pressed for time and cost to complete it. Individuals can not help selecting the second best plan, because the following OSs of Window XP are below expectations in performances, new PC sales as the opportunities of OS upgrade decrease, and the potential risk of OS technical support ending had not announced to OS users at the point of purchase. Microsoft as the OS vendors had not presented precaution or remedy for this confusion. Rather, Microsoft announced that the technical support of the other following OSs of Wndow XP such as Window 7 would ended in two years. This conflict between OS vendor and OS users could not happen in one time, but could recur in recent future. Although studies on the ways of OS user protection policy would be needed to escape from this conflict, few prior studies had conducted this issue. This study had challenge to cautiously investigate in such OS user's reactions as the confirmation with OS user's expectation in the point of purchase, three types of justice perception on the treatment of OS vendor, psychological contract violation, satisfaction and the other betrayal behavioral intention in the case of Window XP technical support ending. By adopting the justice perception on this research, and by empirically validating the impact on OS user's reactions, I could suggest the direction of establishing OS user protection policy of OS vendor. Based on the expectation-confirmation theory, the theory of justice, literatures about psychological contract violation, and studies about consumer betrayal behaviors in the perspective of Herzberg(1968)'s dual factor theory, I developed the research model and hypothesis. Expectation-confirmation theory explain that consumers had expectation on the performance of product in the point of sale, and they could satisfied with their purchase behaviors, when the expectation could have confirmed in the point of consumption. The theory of justice in social exchange argues that treatee could be willing to accept the treatment by treater when the three types of justice as distributive, procedural, and interactional justice could be established in treatment. Literatures about psychological contract violation in human behaviors explains that contracter in a side could have the implied contract (also called 'psychological contract') which the contracter in the other side would sincerely execute the contract, and that they are willing to do vengeance behaviors when their contract had unfairly been broken. When the psychological contract of consumers had been broken, consumers feel distrust with the vendors and are willing to decrease such beneficial attitude and behavior as satisfaction, loyalty and repurchase intention. At the same time, consumers feel betrayal and are willing to increase such retributive attitude and behavior as negative word-of-mouth, complain to the vendors, complain to the third parties for consumer protection. We conducted a scenario survey in order to validate our research model at March, 2013, when is the point of news released firstly and when is the point of one year before the acture Window XP technical support ending. We collected the valid data from 238 voluntary participants who are the OS users but had not yet exposed the news of Window OSs technical support ending schedule. The subject had been allocated into two groups and one of two groups had been exposed this news. The data had been analyzed by the MANOVA and PLS. MANOVA results indicate that the OSs technical support ending could significantly decrease all three types of justice perception. PLS results indicated that it could significantly increase psychological contract violation and that this increased psychological contract violation could significantly reduce the trust and increase the perceived betrayal. Then, it could significantly reduce satisfaction, loyalty, and repurchase intention, and it also could significantly increase negative word-of-month intention, complain to the vendor intention, and complain to the third party intention. All hypothesis had been significantly approved. Consequently, OS users feel that the OSs technical support ending is not natural value added service ending, but the violation of the core OS purchase contract, that it could be the posteriori prohibition of OS user's OS usage right, and that it could induce the psychological contract violation of OS users. This study would contributions to introduce the psychological contract violation of the OS users from the OSs technical support ending in IS field, to introduce three types of justice as the antecedents of psychological contract violation, and to empirically validate the impact of psychological contract violation both on the beneficial and retributive behavioral intentions of OS users. For practice, the results of this study could contribute to make more comprehensive OS user protection policy and consumer relationship management practices of OS vendor.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 2012

As the consuming pattern is changing with the expansion of Internet use and the development of communication technology, Internet shopping market is getting bigger and bigger. By product group, clothing and fashion related products occupy the biggest share. Accordingly, in this study it was tried to identify the effects of Internet utilization capability that enables consumers to search for the information that they need in this information flood, variety pursuit trend and product review accommodation status on shopping value, and to analyze the effects of the shopping value on the purchase behavior in online shopping malls. When factor analysis is nude on Internet use level, it was found that Factor 1 was 'Flow Experience,' Factor 2 'Internet Use Capability,' and Factor 3 'Internet Challenge Desire.' When factor analysis is made on Diversity Pursuit Propensity, it was found that Factor 1 was 'Site Diversity Pursuit Propensity,' Factor 2 'Brand Diversity Pursuit Propensity,' and Factor 3 'Brand Value Pursuit Propensity.' When factor analysis is nude on Product Review Accommodation Propensity, it was found that Factor 1 was 'Product Information Provision Propensity,' and Factor 2 'Product Information Receiving Propensity.' Except Internet Use Capability and Product Information Provision Propensity, all other factors showed high correlation. The factor influencing the entertainment value most was Internet challenge desire, while that influencing the practical value most was flow experience. When the effects of the entertainment value and the practical value on product purchase were analyzed, it was found that both of entertainment value and the practical value influenced product purchase and the practical value influenced the product purchase more than the entertainment value.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.53-67
• /
• 2009

For the last decades, service quality has been studied as one of the most important tools for a service company to compete with the other companies. Based on these past researches, it has been agreed that the service quality is a basic and powerful tool to create the competitive advantage. Due to similar reason, many service marketing practitioners have been also focused on the service quality to retain the existing consumers and collect the new consumers. However, service quality is subjectively perceived by individual consumers. Consumer evaluation of service quality can be different from each other. Especially consumers with one life-style may evaluate the service quality differently from the consumers with the other life-styles. Therefore we need to know whether there are differences in service quality perception on the categories of life-style. Life-style refers to a distinctive mode of living in its aggregate and broadest sense. It embodies the patterns that were developed and emerged from the dynamics of living in a society. Since the concept of life-style and its relationship to marketing was introduced in 1963 by William Lazer, methods of measuring the life-style and their application have been developed. Life-style has been usually used to segment the marketplace because it offers marketers a unique and important view of the market. When Life-style is combined with clustering methods, life-style segmentation can generate identifiable whole persons rather than isolated fragment. Life-style segmentation begins with people instead of products and classifies them into different life-style types, each characterized by a unique style of living based on a wide range of activities, interests, and opinions(Plummer, 1974). In this study we applies the life-style segmentation based on the AIO(Activities, Interests, and Opinions) to the consumers of the large discount stores. In Korea, the large discount store market has entered into maturity stage so that the market differentiation strategy is becoming a more critical issue to the marketing practitioners. One of the most important tools to differentiate from the competitors in large discount store market is continuously to provide service of better quality than competitors. This study tries to find answers about the following questions: 1) How can we categorize the consumer life-styles in the large discount store? 2) What are the characteristics of the categorized groups? 3) Are there any differences in service quality perception among the consumers with different life-styles 4) Are there any differences in consumer behavior among them in the large discount store? For the purpose, we collected survey data from consumers and analyzed the data with the SPSS package where we had $X^2$-test, factor analysis, ANOVA, MANOVA, and cluster analysis. The survey was made during one month in the April of 2008. Among the collected 306 copies of questionnaires, 281 copies were chosen as the effective samples for empirical analysis except 25 copies with wrong responses. To identify the life-style patterns, we used the measures employed by Kim and Kwon(1999), where 44 items on a seven-point scale were used to measure factors of the life-style patterns. The Principal Component Method was used for factor extraction, and the VARIMAX orthogonal factor rotation was employed. The 7 items showing low factor loading were eliminated. The results of the factor analysis suggested that nine factors of the life-style patterns were identified as follows: 1) the equality-of-sexes and pursuit-of-independence tendency 2) self-management tendency 3) sociable tendency 4) self-display tendency 5) degree of a dilettante life 6) pursuit-of-information tendency 7) bargain hunter tendency 8) TV preference tendency 9) pursuit-of-leisure tendency. Next, after the K-means cluster analysis was performed with nine factors of the life-style patterns, the life-styles of the respondents were classified into four groups which are named as the 'progressive practicality-oriented group', 'positive success-oriented group', 'sociable ostentation-oriented group', 'stable conservation-oriented group'. The analysis results for usage behavior between the market segments showed statistically significant differences in the frequency of usage, duration time in the store, consumer satisfaction, and loyalty. Also, we tried to investigate whether the large discount store consumers differently perceive the quality of service based upon the types of life-style. To measure the service quality of large discount store, we adapted several measurement models measuring the service quality such as SERVPERF, BCP, R-SERVPERF, R-BCP. MANOVA and One-Way ANOVA were performed to confirm the difference in service quality perception based on the market segments. The results have also shown significant differences between life-style types in service quality perception. These findings show that the large discount store marketers should consider consumer life-style as one of the most important market segments for marketing and understand the difference in service quality perception between life-style types. Our findings give important implications to marketers of large discount stores as well as life-style researchers. First, this study showed there were significant differences in consumer's service quality perception and usage behavior between the types of life-style. It provides evidence that the life-style approach can be a important basis in segmenting the large discount store market and will make consumers perceive the service quality high. Second, most previous researches on service quality have been in aggregate level. However, our results imply that the future research on service quality have to focus on segment level.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2011

One of the major reasons for fierce competition among firms is that they strive to increase their own market shares in the same market with similar and apparently undifferentiated products in terms of quality and perceived benefit. Due to such changes in the marketing environment, differentiated after-sales service and diversified promotion strategies have become more important in the race to gain a competitive advantage. Price discount is one of the popular promotion strategies that most retailers use, especially to increase sales, but offering a price discount does not always lead to the expected result. If marketers apply an identical price-promotion strategy without considering the characteristic differences in products and consumer preferences, the discounted price itself may make people skeptical about the quality of the product. Moreover, the changes in perceived value may appear differently depending on factors such as consumer involvement. This implies that variables such as the level of consumer involvement, brand loyalty, and external reference prices, in reality, would have different effects on how consumers perceive the value of price discounts. The variables that affect consumers' perceived values and buying decisions are diverse and complicated. Several studies have examined the effects of such variables as external reference price, selling price, and brand on consumers' perceived value of products. Results have not shown consistent patterns. Therefore, we must note that the factors affecting consumers' value perceptions and buying behaviors are diverse and that the results of studies on the same dependent variable come out differently depending on what that variable is. This study focused on the level of consumer involvement as a salient variable that supposedly affects the perceived value of a product, willingness to buy, and search intentions. We tried to examine whether a price discount affects the perceived value-such as perceived acquisition value and perceived transaction value-in different ways depending on the level of consumer involvement. In addition, we proposed managerial implications that marketers need to consider as a whole, for instance, product attributes, brand loyalty, and involvement and then established a differentiated pricing strategy, case by case, in order to effectively enhance consumers' perceived values. As a result, we found that perceived transaction value positively affects perceived acquisition value and when discounting the price of a high-involvement product enhances the consumer's willingness to buy, but perceived acquisition value does not affect the search intentions significantly. In the case of discounting prices of low-involvement products, on the other hand, the perceived transaction value has a positive effect on the willingness to buy, but the negative effect of perceived acquisition value on the search intentions was not significant. We suppose that people doubt a product's quality because of a declined perceived quality derived from a price discount. Even though the price discount enhanced the transaction value, people eventually increased their level of searching for additional product information. From the results of this study, we suggest that marketers ought to establish an appropriate value-enhancing strategy based on the understanding of which perceived value consumers rely on more when they conduct purchasing behavior because consumers perceive the degree of importance of acquisition value or transaction value differently, depending on their level of involvement.