• 한국항만학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.3-33
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• 1989

The amount of the Korean export & import in 1987 reached $88.3 billion which was 1.75% of the total world trade and the proportion of foreign dependence to G.N.P was 74.5%. From these facts, we can infer that the development of national economy is largely dependent upon trade. Therefore the role of transportation, especially Ocean transportation, as a basis of economic development through trade is one of the main factors that can not be passed over. Here, We can define that a port as a subsystem of transportation determines the efficiency of the total transportation system. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to contribute in improvement of the efficiency in port, reinforcement of the international competitiveness for exporting goods by the analysis of the cargo handling charges. In order to do this, this paper deals the case of B.C.T.O.C. Furthermore, this study gives some important informations related to the level of tariffs for establishing an autonomous port administration. The Summary of the conclusions of this paper is as follows ; 1) The object of port administration in Korea has been emphasized on the maximization of efficiency in using the port facilities. Nowadays, however, it should be moved to a direction that port is operated under the compound aims considering the public interests and economy. 2) For a criterian of tariff calculation, A tariff system based on the cost accounting is desirable. In general it is recommended that the cost for construction, management, and operation of port is compensated by the revenue from port operation. Therefore, it is necessary for the administration bodies of each port to establish a tariff system on the basis of the independent profit system. 3) For the investigation of actors of tariff adjustment by the Break-even point analysis, (1) When we conducted the B.E.P analysis using total cost as cost term, we got 3.8% discount in tariff at 12% of target profit rate and 1.5% discount at 15% of rate. when we set the target profit rate as 17% we could have the proper tariff level. (2) When using operating cost as cost term, we got 13.1% discount in tariff at 12% of target profit rate and 10.9% discount at 15% of rate. When setting the target profit rat as 28%, we could have the proper tariff level. 4) Comparing with the tariffs of foreign ports for the basic terminal rate, The tariff level of B.C.T.O.C showed 33% of stevedoring charge and 80% of marshalling charge incurred at Kobe port. The comparison with Singapore port gave 50% of transhipment charge and 17% - 20 % of stevedoring charge. 5) We found that the financial structure of B.C.T.O.C was better than those of other companies and the worth fixed assets ratio was too low. The fact of low worth fixed assets ratio implies that the cargo handling facilities should be increased. Moreover, The return of assets for B.T.T.O.C was good but non-operating expenses were still contained too much in. Therefore, we think that it is necessary for B.C.T.O.C. to rationalize business management. Although the present cargo handing charge for B.C.T.O.C is a proper level in terms of a public corporation, for the final recommendation in connection to the results, It is required to take the rationalization process for business management.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기설비전문위원
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• pp.67-70
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• 2005

HVAC transmission lines must be designed to satisfy environmental regulations. Therefore it is necessary to pre-evaluate environmental problems for transmission line designer using prediction program. In this study, environment design software, TLCALC 2001 for transmission lines was developed as a comprehensive window program. It has 6 modules that are audible noise, radio noise, television noise, magnetic field, electric field and conductor surface gradient. TLCALC 2001 solved a few problems in use of the existing foreign tools and took several advantages. Experienced designers can get the results of calculation within about 15 minutes. Because the use of TLCALC 2001 is easy and practical, this program will be usefully applied to the environmental friendly design and construction of HVAC transmission lines. In the future, it is expected that public complaints and social environmental cost will be reduced by the use of TLCALC 2001.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.905-910
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• 2006

본 연구는 강원도의 환경기초시설 설치에 따른 주민지원금의 현황을 파악하고 처리형태에 따른 합리적인 주민지원금을 산정하기 위하여 수행되었다. 강원도에 지원된 주민지원금은 환경기초시설 설치비용에 $1.6{\sim}75.0%$로 과도하게 지원된 것으로 조사되었다. 합리적 주민지원금 산정방안은 평균 인구분포, 주민지원금 지원현황, 법적기준 및 전문가 설문조사 결과를 적용하여 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 산정한 처리형태별 주민지원금 범위는 폐기물 처리시설은 설치비용의 20% 범위, 음식물류 폐기물처리시설은 10% 범위, 하수 분뇨합병처리시설은 $3{\sim}5%$ 범위로 산정되었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.469-471
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• 2002

HVAC transmission lines must be designed to satisfy environmental regulations. Therefore it is necessary to pre-evaluate environmental problems for transmission line designer using prediction program. In this study, environment design software, TLCALC 2001 for transmission lines was developed as a comprehensive window program. It has 6 modules that are audible noise, radio noise, television noise, magnetic field, electric field and conductor surface gradient TLCALC 2001 solved a few problems in use of the existing foreign tools and took several advantages. Experienced designers can get the results of calculation within about 15 minutes. Because the use of TLCALC 2001 is easy and practical, this program will be usefully applied to the environmental friendly design and construction of HVAC transmission lines. In the future, it is expected that public complaints and social environmental cost will be reduced by the use of TLCALC 2001.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.281-293
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• 2014

Although there have been a lot of BIM R&Ds in the civil engineering and their applications to the real projects, BIM in the field is still known to be behind the other areas. One of the reasons for this should be that the civil projects is generally too public for private participants to try new technologies, but it is mainly because the projects are so huge and complex that we still have the working environment where the systematic information sharing or exchanging is not smooth enough. In this paper, we are verifying the possibility and proposing the direction of BIM information standardization technology in civil engineering based on the integrated BIM information standard framework. For this purpose, after reviewing the introduction plan for BIM information framework, we applied it to an actual civil structure for test. The implementation result proved that the framework has possibility and effectiveness for the takeoff and construction cost calculation, which confirmed the standard framework needs to be extended consistently. This study is expected to contribute to the standard system establishment and its technology propagation for BIM development in the civil engineering.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.770-771
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 발전소 전기설비 및 구축비용의 상당부분을 차지하는 케이블의 손실자원을 최소화하고, 효율적인 케이블 자재관리가 가능한 케이블 드럼 스케줄링 자동화를 제안하고 구현하였다. 구현된 케이블 드럼 스케줄링은 기존 수기방식의 케이블 드럼 계산에 소요되는 소비시간을 최소화하고, 종류별 케이블들을 케이블 드럼 총용량에 최적화함으로써 전기설비 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.776-781
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• 2007

Optimized capacity of equipments are essential for energy saving and low cost construction and operation. So we must use proper design data for HVAC system design. We investigated for architectural data, equipment capacity, cooling and heating load design criteria of 52 office buildings. Following research results were obtained by carrying out each task. Office building effective area rate is 63%. The average building cooling load of South Korea is $140W/m^2$ and average heating loads in Seoul and Pusan area are $120{\sim}130W/m^2$ and $70{\sim}80W/m^2$. We also analysised HVAC design criteria. Person ratio in effective building area is $0.2person/m^2$, sensitive and latent heat loads of a person are 60W and 65W, light and equipment loads of office buildings are $25W/m^2$ and $20W/m^2$.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2022

Purpose - This paper empirically investigates via a spatial lag model from the perspective of space economy to find the influencing factors of South Korea's OFDI along with 60 countries. Design/methodology - In the study of regional economic phenomena, we must first test the corresponding spatial correlation, and on this basis, complete the construction of the spatial model. For the target research object, after testing the spatial correlation, if there is spatial correlation, a spatial measurement model is needed. This paper uses the global Moran's I index for calculation. Based on the characteristics and research needs of the research object, this paper selects the spatial lag model to verify the existence of the spatial effect and factors affecting OFDI. Findings - Our results show that export scale, infrastructure, technology level, political stability, resource endowment, market size, distance and labor cost have a certain impact on Korea's OFDI, but at present the distance and market size factors are the most important influencing factors for South Korea's OFDI, The technical level and political stability have little effect on South Korea's OFDI, and are not main factors determining South Korea's OFDI. Originality/value - Through spatial measurement verification, it was found that the spatial effect has a significant impact on OFDI, along with more than 60 countries. On this basis, relevant suggestions are put forward, which have strong practical significance for South Korea's OFDI to achieve healthy and sustainable development.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1149-1160
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• 2005

일반적으로 네트워크 설계 문제는 네트워크의 크기가 늘어남에 따라 지수적으로 복잡도가 증가하여 전통적인 방법으로는 풀이하기 힘든 NP-hard 조합 최적화 문제 중의 하나로 분류될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 신뢰도 제약을 고려하면서 네트워크 구축비용을 효과적으로 최소화하는, 높은 신뢰도의 네트워크 토폴로지 설계 문제를 풀기 위해 스패닝 트리를 효율적으로 표현할 수 있는 $Pr\ddot{u}fer$수(PN) 기반의 진화 연산법과 2-연결성을 고려하는 휴리스틱 방법으로 구성된 두 단계의 효율적인 해법을 제안한다. 즉, 먼저 스패닝 트리를 찾아내기 위해 진화 연산법 중에 보편적으로 널리 알려져 있는 유전자 알고리즘(GA)을 이용하고 그 다음으로 첫 번째 단계에서 발견한 스패닝 트리에 대해 최적의 네트워크 토폴로지를 찾기 위해서 2-연결성을 고려한 휴리스틱 방법을 적용한다. 마지막으로 수치예의 결과를 통해 제안한 해법의 성능에 대해서 살펴보도록 한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2005

Over the past twenty years, the maintenance system has been developed and its importance has been increased. For the effective maintenance of the urban transit, we have developed the maintenance system based on the concept of RCM(Reliability Centered Maintenance). RCM analysis is a systematic approach to developing a cost-effective maintenance strategy based on the various components's reliability of the system in question. It is performed according to process that includes the following steps; definition of function and functional failures of the systems, construction of RB D(Reliability Block Diagram), performance of FMEA(Failure Modes & Effects Analysis) and calculation of the reliability index. The final process of RCM is to determine appropriate failure maintenance strategies. This paper aims to define the procedure of maintenace based on the concept of RCM for urban transit. The key for a successful maintenance system is an automated scheduling to the maximum extent possible and timely executions. The developed system issues maintenance plan and repair request based on analyzed data and maintenance experience.