• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.455-460
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• 2004

The Fuel cell Rubber tired Train (FRT), which is now getting the attention as the next generation vehicle with its environment-friendliness, is the transportation for smooth connections of city traffic. It is the revival of the surface-car system with its revaluation of the function and technological development. Accordingly, fixed time operation and high speed driving became possible. FRT is operated together with other vehicles on the regular drive way. While this vehicle can solve the problem of traffic congestion in the urban area, it also can be cost-effective when it is compared to the cost of subway construction. It is also designed to minimize the underground or elevated traffic lane, to introduce the new construction technology, to reduce a term of works, and to cut down the operation cost by unmanned automatic driving system. Furthermore, it is considered as the alternative measure of other transportation due to its potential for the ecological way of speed improvement and the accessability to the disabled, elderly and children by developing the vehicle with folding steps or by building the high boarding platforms. In this research, I concentrated on the user oriented interior design of the FRT to make it passenger-friendly and safe in order to maximize the utilization of the vehicle so that all users including wheelchaired, user with baby carriage, elderly and children can conveniently use this vehicle.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1528-1533
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• 2009

Infrastructure is provided to the user through long-term project period and large-scale working expenses. Existing facilities are getting old as time goes by. Accordingly, proper maintenance is required and generally more maintenance cost than initial invested cost is needed during life cycle. Therefore, a specific plan that just increases the value of facilities is required by evaluating performance of facilities and inputting minimum maintenance cost. Value engineering that increases the value of object by systemically analyzing Life Cycle Costs and function is actively promoted at the design phase of construction. These efforts can increase the performance of facilities at the maintenance phase of infrastructure. This study is to search how to evaluate the performance of Roadway by utilizing function analysis, as a core part of VE in the maintenance phase. In order to this a new evaluation criteria were proposed by adding an evaluation items to the existing criteria through the research of old documents, status of roadway maintenance and function analysis of VE. The results of this study may promote the effective performance evaluation to determine a resolution of roadway congestion in future. A succeeding study using the proposed evaluation criteria will be required.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.159-174
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• 2013

This paper mainly deals with the appropriation of ship voyage allocation, using a heuristic regression model, in order to reduce total costs incurred in port, yard and at sea under the specific port condition. Because of different behavior of costs incurred in port, yard and at sea, an effort to minimize these costs by adjusting the number of voyages for three ship classes(50,000, 100,000, and 150,000-ton) should be made. For instance, if the port managers attempt to reduce the sea transport cost by increasing the annual allocated number of ship voyages classed 150,000-ton for economies of scale, they have no choice but to suffer a significant increase in queueing cost due to port congestion. To put it differently, there are trade-off relationships among the costs incurred in port, yard, and at sea. We utilized a computer simulation result to perform a couple of regression analyses in order to figure out the appropriate range of allocated number of voyages of each ship class using a heuristic approach. The detailed analytical results will be shown at the main paper. We also suggested a net present value(NPV) model to make a proper investment decision for an additional berth of 200,000-ton class that alleviates port congestion and reduces transport cost incurred both in port and at sea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.1 s.87
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• pp.59-72
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• 2006

In spite of continuous implementation of the transportation demand management (TDM), the profuse use of car at the peak-time has caused chronic traffic congestion in the Seoul downtown area. This study makes a comparative analysis on the effectiveness of commuting cost subsidy system for public transit user with other policy instruments such as an increment in fuel tax and park cost. This study not only follows standard guidelines of stated preference methodology to guarantee objectivity, but also uses sample enumeration method and non-Parametric bootstrapping method to secure reliability of empirical results. As a result of empirical studies, the conversion effect of car to public transit is superior to other two Policy instruments. Also. an increment in fuel tax and park cost is income-regressive from the equity aspect in a wage bracket, but commuting cost subsidy system for Public transit user is Income-progressive As a fundamental research on commuting cost subsidy system for public transit user, this study is likely to Provide Policy-makers with quantitative information useful in establishing Public transport Policy to Promote the use of the public transit.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2002

The time cost of ship end cargoes is one of the most important data for decision-making of port investment and operational efficiency. Studies in this area were initiated internationally by Goss and Mann in late 70's and also done in Korea 10 years ago using the same methodology as Goss. The main purpose of this paper is to revisit to estimate the time cost using updated data. The estimation was undertaken sampling data on various investment and operating costs by vessel from 205 vessels, comprising 47.5％ of the notional fleet in Korea as well as on cargoes from international trade statistics. Compared with the study of 10 years ago, major finding of this research is that time costs of liquid and dry bulk carriers have increased, in case of the former type, showing almost doubled cost increase. The increase is deemed to be caused by very expensive LNG carriers. Lowered social discount rate in this study compared with 10 years ago, in general, has mused the costs to stay at similar level to the previous study. Sensitivity tests were conducted using various social discount rates.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.843-845
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• 2003

Shortest Path Problems are among the most studied network flow optimization problems, with interesting applications in various fields. One such field is the route determination service, where various kinds of shortest path problems need to be solved in location-based service. Our research aim is to propose a route technique in real-time locationbased service (LBS) environments according to user’s route preferences such as shortest, fastest, easiest and so on. Turn costs modeling and computation are important procedures in route planning. There are major two kinds of cost parameters in route planning. One is static cost parameter which can be pre-computed such as distance and number of traffic-lane. The other is dynamic cost parameter which can be computed in run-time such as number of turns and risk of congestion. In this paper, we propose a new cost modeling method for turn costs which are traditionally attached to edges in a graph. Our proposed route determination technique also has an advantage that can provide service interoperability by implementing XML web service for the OpenLS route determination service specification. In addition to, describing the details of our shortest path algorithms, we present a location-based service system by using proposed routing algorithms.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 1998

As of July 1997, the registered number of automobiles exceeded 10 million and Korean auto industry produced 2,850,000 cars. Many environmentalists warn that the passenger cars are not sustainable urban transportation system in large cities. The cars produce about 80% of air pollutants, and consume 30% of petroleum imported. For the past 30 years the administration increased the road system, but the length of road per car is decreased from 813m in 1965 to 9m in 1995. The cost of traffic congestion was estimated to be \14.7 trillion in 1996, and is feared to increase without changing the present transportation system. The undesirable impact of cars include the casualties from traffic accidents, insurance loss, and separation of human relatioships. To construct sustainable urban transportation system, three principles should be followed. The first principle is to make the urban streets walkable for the people. The second principle is to encourage bicycling. Roads and traffic systems should be designed to let bicylces travel safely. The third principle is to supply more buses and construct integrated transportation system based on buses. The subway system is too expensive to construct and without the support of a well-organized bus system it may not work efficiently. The Brazilian city of Curitiba has constructed a very efficient bus system only with 1/80 of the estimated cost of subway system. The car-oriented transportation system does not seem to be an envrironmentally sustainable transportation system in most of the Korean cities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.1302-1313
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• 2010

The west express way is notorious for extremely heavy traffic area in the west of Seoul, South Korea. Hence, the city government recently initiated a new underground BTO (Build-Transfer-Operate) road project to solve traffic congestion and a high construction cost. The proposed underground express road being designed is the first double-level tunnel ever designed in South Korea and using Conventional tunnelling method (NATM). A total length of tunnel for light vehicles is 10.91km long including both open cut structures and concrete lining with middle-deck in bored tunnel. There are also 4 ventilation shafts for ventilation and evacuation on emergency. Many design issues had been aroused during the preliminary design phase and detail design phase is currently going on. This paper discusses design focuses including excavation methods, ground water issues, a deck slab installation, and a construction cost etc. for the double level road tunnel design of urban area.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.58-63
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• 2003

This study shows the functional contribution into the public transportation system for congestion area. And there is a introduction for the rapid bus transit developed in Europe community. It can be classified the public transportation as urban transit, subway and bus. For a few years, it has been introduced the AGT system as a role of the alternative and lengthening system of subway line. Recently, there is going on construction of AGT system in some regional cities. The AGT system has advantages in terms of accessibility and cost-effective rather than subway. But the bus system is advantageous at the points rather than AGT system. It is obvious that the bus system is most cost-effective for infrastructure and system rather than any other public transports. If the bus system has punctuality and precise docking, that becomes best choice for public transportation scheme. There are tries to develop new systems by means of the f1les up the advantages in bus and AGT system, which can be classified as BRT(Bus Rapid Transit}. The idea is simple; 'Thirik rail, use advanced buses.' It is introduced the IRISBUS system at this article, which was developed in Europe community. And it is introduced the project architecture to develop the similar system to IRISBUS in KRRI through National Transportation Key Technology R&D Project

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.48-55
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• 1997

Advances in VLSI technology have brought us completely new design principles for the high-performance switching fabrics including ATM switches. From a practical point of view, port scalability of ATM switches emerges as an important issue while complexity and performance of the switches have been major issues in the switch design. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective approach to modular ATM switch design which provides the good scalability. Taking advantages of both time-division and space-division switch architectures, we propose a practically implementable large scale ATM switch architecture. We present a scalable shared buffer type switch for a building block and its expansion method. In our design, a large scale ATM switch is realized by interconnecting the proposed shared buffer switches in three stages. We also present an efficient control mechanism of the shared buffers, synchronization method for the switches in each stage, and a flow control between stages. It is believed that the proposed approach will have a significant impact on both improving the ATM switch performance and enhancing the scalability of the switch with a new cost-effective scheme for handling the traffic congestion. We show that the proposed ATM switch provides an excellent performance and that its cell delay characteristic is comparable to output queueing which provides the best performance in cell delay among known approaches.