• Laboratory Medicine Online
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 2017

배경: 혈액은행 자동화 검사장비는 혈액은행 검사 결과의 질 향상에 도움이 될 것이다. 최근 자동화 장비 DAYMATE M이 개발되어, 이에 대한 성능을 검증하였다. 방법: 서울성모병원과 인천성모병원에서 수집한 300개의 혈액 검체를 가지고 ABO와 RhD 검사를 실시하였다. 또한, 336개의 검체를 이용해 항체선별검사(AST)를 진행하였고, 골수 이식을 받은 82명의 환자에 대해서도 동일한 검사를 진행하였다. DAYMATE M와 비교하기 위한 수동검사는 DS-SCREEING II (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Switzerland)와 Selectogen (Ortho-Clinical diagnostics Inc., USA)을 사용하였다. 결과: 전체 300개의 혈액 검체는 A형 87개, B형 73개, O형 79개, 그리고 AB형 61개로 이뤄져 있다. DAYMATE M과의 일치율은 혈구형 검사에서는 99.9%, 혈청형 검사에서는 97.0%였다. 혈구형 검사에서 불일치한 검체 1개는 수기법에서는 AB형으로 나왔지만 DAYMATE M에서는 B형으로 나왔고, 혈청형 검사에서 나온 불일치 결과 6개는 모두 A형 검체가 DAYMATE에서 anti-B가 검출되지 않은 경우였다. 336개의 항체선별검사의 일치율은 93.2%였다. 136개의 양성 검체 중 불일치 결과는 6개였다. 골수 이식을 받은 82명의 환자들을 대상으로 한 검사 결과, ABO 검사결과의 일치율은 92.2%였다. 6개의 불일치 결과 중 4개는 DAYMATE M에서만 공여자형으로 판독되었고, 나머지 2개는 수기법에서만 공여자형으로 판독되었다. 결론: 혈액은행 자동화 검사 장비 DAYMATE M은 ABO, RhD 검사, 항체선별검사에서 기존의 수기법과 높은 일치율을 보였고, 조혈모세포이식을 받은 환자를 대상으로 검사할 때에도 좋은 성능을 나타냈다.

• 대한영상의학회지
• /
• 제81권1호
• /
• pp.166-175
• /
• 2020

목적 간세포암의 화학색전술에 사용되는 조영제인 Ioversol 320과 Iopamidol 250을 영상 화질과 유해반응에서 차이가 있는지 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법 경동맥 화학색전술을 시행 받은 113명의 간세포암 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 분석하였고, Iopamidol 250은 44명, Ioversol 320은 69명에게 주입하였다. 영상 화질은 혈관인지도 및 일치도로 평가하였다. 혈관인지도는 두 명의 영상의학과 전문의가 간동맥 혈관조영술에서 간세분엽동맥, 췌십이지장동맥, 우위동맥, 우위대망동맥이 보이는 인지도와 명확도에 따라 3단계로 점수화하였다. 일치도는 혈관조영술과 전산화단층촬영에서 발견된 간세포암 수를 비교하였다. 시술 전후 임상증상을 조사하여 조영제 유해반응을 평가하였다. 결과 혈관인지도의 평균 점수는 Iopamidol 250은 2.92점, Ioversol 320은 2.94점이었다. 일치도는 Iopamidol 250은 31명(70.5%), Ioversol 320은 46명(66.7%)이 일치했으며, 혈관인지도와 일치도는 통계적 유의한 차이가 없었다(p > 0.05). Iopamidol 250은 1명, Ioversol 320은 6명의 환자가 오심을 호소하였으며, 유해반응 빈도의 유의한 차이는 없었다(p = 0.24). 결론 간세포암 화학색전술에서 Iopamidol 250은 Ioversol 320과 영상의 화질 및 유해반응에 유의한 차이가 없이 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.180-189
• /
• 2016

The widespread occurrence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis places importance on the detection of TB (tuberculosis) drug susceptibility. Conventional drug susceptibility testing (DST) is a lengthy process. We developed a rapid enzymatic color-reaction-based biochip assay. The process included asymmetric multiplex PCR/templex PCR, biochip hybridization, and an enzymatic color reaction, with specific software for data operating. Templex PCR (tem-PCR) was applied to avoid interference between different primers in conventional multiplex-PCR. We applied this assay to 276 clinical specimens (including 27 sputum, 4 alveolar lavage fluid, 2 pleural effusion, and 243 culture isolate specimens; 40 of the 276 were non-tuberculosis mycobacteria specimens and 236 were M. tuberculosis specimens). The testing process took 4.5 h. A sensitivity of 50 copies per PCR was achieved, while the sensitivity was 500 copies per PCR when tem-PCR was used. Allele sequences could be detected in mixed samples at a proportion of 10%. Detection results showed a concordance rate of 97.46% (230/236) in rifampicin resistance detection (sensitivity 95.40%, specificity 98.66%) and 96.19% (227/236) in isoniazid (sensitivity 93.59%, specificity 97.47%) detection with those of DST assay. Concordance rates of testing results for sputum, alveolar lavage fluid, and pleural effusion specimens were 100%. The assay provides a potential choice for TB diagnosis and treatment.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2017

Objective: The perioperative management of antithrombotic therapy is often challenging and it requires a fine balance between the risk of hemorrhage and thrombosis. We aimed to evaluate the antithrombotic management for moderate to high risk patients in real world setting. Methods: Among the patients who were consulted to the neurologist for the evaluation of perioperative risk from 2010 to 2012, patients undergoing moderate to high risk surgery and taking antithrombotics within 30 days were identified. We analyzed the timing of discontinuation and reinitiation of antithrombotic drugs before or after surgery as well as the status of bridging therapy. In addition, the conformity with the guideline suggested by American College of Chest Physicians was assessed. The rate of thromboembolic event and major hemorrhage were also investigated. Results: A total of 329 patients were included. The concordance rate of warfarin stop and restart time with guideline was 23.4% and 10.3%, respectively. Continuing aspirin in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery or non-cardiac surgery in patients with high risk for cardiovascular events were 59.2% and 2.6%, respectively. Bridging therapy was adopted in 92.9% and 81.2% in patients who had received anticoagulant before surgery and who were at high and low risk thromboembolism, respectively. In entire cohorts, 30-day incidence of major bleeding and thromboembolic event were 31.9% and 3.0%. Co-morbid renal disease were shown as independent predictor for major bleeding (adjusted OR 2.65. 95% CI 1.33-5.28). Conclusion: The concordance rate with guideline regarding perioperative antithrombotic use was low and bridging therapy was prevalent in patients undergoing moderate to high risk surgery.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2008

The in vitro cell transformation assays (CTA) were performed using BALB/3T3 murine fibroblasts and HaCaT human keratinocytes in order to evaluate concordance between both in vitro CTAs and carcinogenicity with compounds differing in their genotoxic and carcinogenic potential. Six test articles were evaluated, two each from three classes of compounds: genotoxic carcinogens (2-amino-5-nitrophenol and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide), genotoxic noncarcinogens (8-hydroxyquinoline and benzyl alcohol), and nongenotoxic carcinogens (methyl carbamate and N-nitrosodiphenylamine). Any foci of size $\geq$2 mm regardless of invasiveness and piling was scored as positive in CTA with BALB/3T3. As expected, four carcinogens regardless of their genotoxicity had positive outcomes in two-stage CTA using BALB/3T3 cells. However, of the two genotoxic noncarcinogens, benzyl alcohol was positive CTA finding. We concluded that, of the 6 chemicals tested, the sensitivity for BALB/3T3 system was reasonably high, being 100%. The respective specificity for BALB/3T3 assay was 50%. We also investigated the correlation between results of BALB/3T3 assay and results from HaCaT assay in order to develop a reliable human cell transformation assay. However, evaluation of staining at later time points beyond the confluency stage did not yield further assessable data because most of HaCaT cells were detached after $2{\sim}3$ days of confluency. Thus, after test article treatment, HaCaT cells were split before massive cell death began. In this modified protocol for this HaCaT system, growing attached colonies were counted instead of transformed foci 3 weeks since last subculture. Compared to BALB/3T3 assay, HaCaT assay showed moderate low sensitivity and high specificity. Despite these differences in specificity and sensitivity, both cell systems did exhibit same good concordance between in vitro CTA and rodent carcinogenicity findings (overall 83% concordant results). At present the major weakness of these in vitro CTA is lack of validation for regulatory acceptance and use. Thus, more controlled studies will be needed in order to be better able to assess and quantitatively estimate in vitro CTA data.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.495-510
• /
• 2018

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the possibility of quantification of the diagnosis of abdominal coldness (AC) in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods: Forty-four patients with FD were enrolled in this study. Three Korean medicine doctors each randomly examined all abdomens. Diagnosis of AC was made by consensus of at least two of the doctors. Body temperature (oral by digital oral thermometer) and skin temperature (by digital infrared thermal imaging [DITI]) were measured, followed by administration of the Cold and Heat questionnaire (CHQ) and the Instrument of Pattern Identification for Functional Dyspepsia (IPIFD). Results: Of the 44 patients with FD, 22 were assigned to the AC group and 22 to the non-AC group. The concordance rate of diagnosis among the three doctors was 63.6% (28/44), with a ${\kappa}$ of 0.504, indicating means moderate agreement). Neither the oral nor the skin temperatures showed statistically significant differences between the AC and non-AC groups. However, the CHQ scores and 'Simultaneous Occurrence of Cold and Heat Syndromes pattern' scores of the IPIFD were higher in AC group and showed statistically significant differences (p=0.010 and 0.009). Conclusions: This is the first study conducting quantitative measurements of abdominal coldness in patients with FD. Although oral and skin temperature showed no statistical significance between AC and non-AC groups, the concordance rate of diagnosis of AC among the three Korean Medicine doctors was moderate. The CHQ scores and 'Simultaneous Occurrence of Cold and Heat Syndromes pattern' scores of the IPIFD also suggest that diagnosis of AC is relevant to cold and heat patterns, and these questionnaires could be utilized as supportive data for the diagnosis of AC. Further studies should be conducted for the purpose of quantifying and standardizing abdominal examinations in Korean Medicine.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 2016

목적: 국내와 같이 결핵의 유병률이 높은 지역에서 결핵을 정확하게 진단하는 것은 중요하다. 본 예비연구는 국내의 소아청소년에서 결핵진단 시 TST 및 2가지 IGRA 검사법 (QFT-G 및 T-SPOT.TB) 간의 일치도를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2014년 1월부터 2015년 4월까지 잠복결핵감염 또는 결핵질환의 진단을 위해 서울아산병원을 방문한 20세 이하 환자 중, TST, T-SPOT.TB 및 QFT-G 검사 중 최소 2가지 이상의 검사를 동시에 시행한 경우를 연구에 포함하였다. 이들의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 각 검사 간의 일치도를 평가하였다. 결과: 연구에 포함된 총 20명의 연령의 중앙값은 13.3세(범위: 3.8-18.1세)이었고, 이 중 11명은 면역저하와 관련된 기저질환이 있었다. T-SPOT.TB와 QFT-G 결과의 일치도는 90%였으며, TST와 T-SPOT.TB의 일치도는 50%, TST와 QFT-G의 일치도는 42.9%였다. T-SPOT.TB, QFT-G 및 TST의 결핵질환에 대한 특이도는 93.3%, 86.7% 및 58.3%였다. 결론: T-SPOT.TB과 QFT-G 간의 일치도는 높으나 TST와 T-SPOT.TB 또는 QFT-G 간의 일치도는 낮았다. 추후 국내 소아청소년의 정확한 결핵의 진단을 위한 각 검사들의 일치도 및 진단적 유용성에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.777-786
• /
• 2014

일본의 온타케 산은 일본에서 두 번째로 큰 규모의 화산으로, 2014년 9월 27일 02:52 UTC 에 예고 없는 대규모 분화가 발생했다. 이번 분화로 인해 최소 55명이 사망하였고, 70여 명의 부상자가 발생했다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 온타케 화산 분화에 따른 화산재 피해영향을 분석하기 위하여 화산재 확산 수치실험을 수행하였다. HYSLPLIT 확산모델과 UM 기상자료를 이용하여 화산재 확산 경로를 예측하였고, 화산재 확산 영역에 대한 정량적인 평가를 위해서 천리안 위성영상을 이용하여 화산재 확산 범위를 탐지하였다. 본 연구의 모의실험 결과와 GOCI 탐지 결과와의 비교를 통해 검증을 수행하였다. 그 결과, HYSPLIT 기반의 화산재 확산 예측결과와 GOCI 위성영상 간의 유사도가 높음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 수행한 화산재 확산 결과와 GOCI 간에는 38.72% 및 13.57%가 일치도가 계산되었고, JMA 결과와 GOCI는 9.05%와 11.81%가 일치하였다. 본 연구에서 수행한 바와 같이 화산재 확산 경로를 예측하는 연구는 그 피해를 감소할 수 있는 중요한 방법의 하나라고 판단할 수 있다. 따라서 화산 분화 시 기상 모델을 이용한 화산재 확산 수치실험은 시간에 따른 화산재 확산 분포를 이해하는데 유용한 기법으로 자리매김 할 것이며, 화산재 확산에 따른 피해 면적을 정량적으로 산출할 수 있는 중요한 기술이 될 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권11호
• /
• pp.6605-6611
• /
• 2013

Background: WEE1 is a G2/M checkpoint regulator protein. Various studies have indicated that WEE1 could be a good target for cancer therapy. The main aim of this study was to asssess the tumor suppressive potential of WEE1 silencing in two different breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 which carries the wild-type p53 and MDA-MB468 which contains a mutant type. Materials and Methods: After WEE1 knockdown with specific shRNAs downstream effects on cell viability and cell cycle progression were determined using MTT and flow cytometry analyses, respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were conducted to assess the effect of WEE1 inhibition on the expression of apoptotic (p53) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl2) factors and also a growth marker (VEGF). Results: The results showed that WEE1 inhibition could cause a significant decrease in the viability of both MCF7 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell lines by more than 50%. Interestingly, DNA content assays showed a significant increase in apoptotic cells following WEE1 silencing. WEE1 inhibition also induced upregulation of the apoptotic marker, p53, in breast cancer cells. A significant decrease in the expression of VEGF and Bcl-2 was observed following WEE1 inhibition in both cell lines. Conclusions: In concordance with previous studies, our data showed that WEE1 inhibition could induce G2 arrest abrogation and consequent cell death in breast cancer cells. Moreover, in this study, the observed interactions between the pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and decrease in the angiogenesis marker expression confirm the susceptibility to apoptosis and validate the tumor suppressive effect of WEE1 inhibition in breast cancer cells. Interestingly, the levels of the sensitivity to WEE1 silencing in breast cancer cells, MCF7 and MDA-MB468, seem to be in concordance with the level of p53 expression.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of interpretation and reproducibility of a pulse analyser (MAXMAC27-Plus). Methods : 38 of 40 volunteers completed the pulse analysis consecutively. Three Korean medical doctors who had at least 2 years of clinical experience interpreted the pulse waves for 3 aspects of size, depth and shape, then inter-rater reliability and crude agreement was obtained. Reinterpretation was done 2 weeks later and intra-rater reliability and crude agreement was obtained. Intra-rater reliability and crude agreement between 1st and 2nd measurement was calculated. Cohen's weighted kappa for size, Cohen's kappa for depth and shape were used as statistical analysis. Results : Inter-rater reliability of size, depth and shape among 3 raters was 0.598, 0.604, and 0.312, respectively, showing moderate to substantial agreement. Average intra-rater reliability between 1st and 2nd interpretation of size, depth and shape was 0.806, 0.705, and 0.638, respectively, showing substantial to almost perfect agreement. However, intra-rater reliability between consecutive measurements of size, depth and shape was 0.221, 0.121, and 0.194, respectively, which showed only poor to fair agreement. Conclusions : Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of one pulse wave showed relatively high concordance. Training by a clinical expert may effect better concordance among raters. Test-retest reliability showed poor agreement. Improvement of measurement technique and device performance will be needed.