• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1211-1217
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• 2010

For an accurate rainfall-runoff simulation in the river basin, it is important to consider not only evaluation of runoff model but also accurate runoff component. In this study long-term runoffs were simulated by means of watershed runoff model and the amounts of runoff components such as upstream inflow, surface runoff, return flow and dam release were evaluated based on the concept of water budget. SSARR model was applied to Daecheong basin, the upstream region of Geum river basin, and in turn the monthly runoff discharges of main control points in the basin were analyzed. In addition, for the purpose of providing the basic quantified water resources data the conceptual runoff amounts were estimated with water budget analysis and the reliability of the observations and the monthly runoff characteristics were investigated in depth. The yearly runoff ratios were also estimated and compared with the observations. From the results of the main control points, Yongdam, Hotan, Okcheon and Daecheong, the yearly runoff ratios of those points are consistent well with data reported previously.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.88-107
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• 2021

Purpose - Using a model that highlights Ricardian comparative advantage and Cournot competition, I derive theoretical predictions on how bilateral measures of trade intensity, specialization, and intra-industry are interrelated, and how Ricardian productivity differences affect these measures. We test the predictions using trade and production data, and confirm them. Design/methodology - A simple two-country general equilibrium model is constructed to derive theory-based bilateral indexes. We then test the relationships among them using panel data for 35 countries and 14 industries between 1996 and 2008. Findings - Bilateral trade intensity is increasing in specialization, as in the classical trade theory, and in intra-industry trade, as in the new trade theory. However, productivity differences positively affect specialization, and negatively affect intra-industry trade. These effects cancel each other; thus productivity differences have little impact on trade intensity. Originality/value - This paper provides a comprehensive conceptual framework for understanding the relationship among trade intensity, specialization, intra-industry trade, and productivity differences. We derive theory-consistent measures of specialization, intra-industry trade, and productivity differences. Moreover, we reevaluate the empirical relevance of these variables for the study of gravity equations. This paper is also an effort to capture oligopolistic competition in a general equilibrium framework, interests in which recently resurged.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.667-678
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• 2021

The industrial life cycle theory was extended to the product life cycle theory and the corporate life cycle theory, but a conceptual life cycle was presented, and quantitative empirical evidence for this was insufficient. It is intended to improve appropriate resource planning and resource allocation by quantitatively predicting the industrial cycle and its position (age) in the cycle. Human resources, tangible assets, and industrial output analysis were conducted based on 28 years of actual data of 39 industries in Korea by applying the Gompertz model, which is a population ecology prediction model. By predicting with the Gompertz model, the coefficient of determination R2 value was 97% or more, confirming the high suitability with the actual cumulative sales value of the industry. A numerical model for calculating the life cycle of each industry, calculating the saturation of input resources for each industry, and diagnosing the financial stability of the industry was presented. These results will contribute to the decision-making of industrial policy officers for budget planning appropriately for each stage of industry development. Future research will apply the numerical model of this study to foreign national industries, complete an inter-industry convergence diagnostic model (e.g. ease of convergence, suitability of convergence, etc.) for renewal of fading industries.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.187-199
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to offer a new conceptual framework based on a combination of the TPB model, the TAM model, and two additional constructs consisting of eWOM and pricing value called the E-P-TAM-TPB model, and to assess the model's implications on hotel selection behavior. This study empirically examines the E-P-TAM-TPB model to evaluate and validate domestic tourists' online hotel booking intentions by using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. The data was collected from 355 domestic tourists who booked the room via the hotel website. The major findings of this study indicated that the E-P-TAM-TPB model has a positive significant influence on online hotel selection behavior. The results revealed that all proposed hypotheses were declared supported. Future studies should build on the framework by incorporating potential moderators to better understand how different groups of customers behave online in different segments of the hospitality industry. Managers must not only develop an easy booking process but also provide price value information to attract or impress clients. Tourists can compare room rates with other hotel websites and OTAs.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.224-244
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• 1993

This study was designed to develop and test a model of the theoretical structure of factors influencing womens’ attitudes toward menstruation, specifically, premenstrual discomfort or pain, negative affect, disability and role acceptance. The conceptual framework was built through a review of the literature. For the purpose of testing the model, data were collected from April to June, 1992 with the use of Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire, Sex Role Acceptance Scale. Data analysis was done with the SPSS PC/sup +/ for descriptive statistics and PC-LXSREL 7.13 for covariance structure. The study subjects consisted of 320 women college students in 2 three-year nursing junior colleges and 1 department of nursing of a college of medicine. The mean age of the subjects was 19, the mean age at monarch was 13.7, the mean menstrual cycle was 29.7 days and the mean menstrual duration was 5.3 days. The amount of menstrual discharge was moderate and the menstrual cycle variability was within 3 days. The score for pain, negative affect and disability were higher during the perimenstrual period than intermenstrual period. The fit of the hypothetical model with the six paths and the empirical data was high [X²(df=4)=. 57 (P=.966), GFI =.999, AGFI =.997, RMR=.008]. The hypotheses were supported on acceptable level of significance. 1) The higher the pain and negative affect, the stronger the disability. 2) The higher the pain, negative affect and disability, the more negative the attitudes toward menstruation. 3) The lower the women's role acceptance, the more negative the attitudes toward menstruation. The model was supported by the empirical data, and thus these results may help nurses and nursing scientists to understand and support these phenomena of womens’ health experience.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2019

Purpose - This study explores the relationships between e-Marketing and perceived service quality with brand trust and loyalty towards the brand of mobile telephone operators in Kosovo. Research design, data, and methodology - The conceptual model of four constructs was developed, while each construct consisted of the set of variables measured by using five-point Likert scale. The primary data was collected via an online survey through SurveyMonkey, distributed via Facebook and email. The collected data were cleaned, validated and tested for its consistency through Cronbach's Alpha; ensured that five assumptions of multiple linear regression are met. To assess the relationships between outcome variable and dependent variables of the model, performed the bivariate correlation, simple, multiple linear and hierarchical regression. Results - Perceived service quality has a positive significant effect on brand trust and loyalty. e-Marketing presents moderating direct effect on brand loyalty, and slightly higher effect through brand trust of the mobile telephone operators in Kosovo. Conclusions - The perceived service quality and brand trust are key determinants in achieving brand loyalty in telecommunication industry, followed by e-Marketing as means to creating expectations, delivering on promise to meet customers' perceptions for service quality with a purpose of building trust, that leads to loyalty towards the brands of mobile operators in Kosovo.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between cue utilization and perceived website quality and purchase intention for an online store. To achieve this, we suggest a conceptual model that examines the relationship among product introductions, online communications, online reviews, perceived quality, and online purchase intention. Research design, data, and methodology - This research utilizes SPSS 19.0 and AMOS17.0 to analyze the data. We used factor analysis to shape the structure of the original data and saved the information with multiple dimensions. We then deployed the AMOS software to analyze the model. We performed both factor analysis and structural equation analysis. Results - The findings of this study show that graphic and word descriptions, online chatting, and online reviews have a positive influence on perceived quality. Furthermore, perceived quality has a positive influence on purchase intention. Conclusions - First, detailed product information should be added to influence quality perception. Second, consumers expect a certain level of service while shopping. Simultaneously, online products reviews from consumers deserve attention as they can impact consumer purchase intention.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2017

Purpose - In order to achieve the organizational objectives, the behavior of the employees and their collaboration with management should be taken into account. It has been shown that strategic behavior depends on a number of different factors. The aim of this article was determining the relationship between factors related to the strategic behavior. Research design, data, and methodology - Accordingly, a conceptual model was developed and tested in the form of a survey. Participants of the study were the employees working in the social Insurance company of Tehran. Data was collected using a questionnaire conducted among managers and the staff. A correlation model was used for data analysis by employing the SPSS software. Results - The findings showed there was a relationship between employees' engagement and the strategic behavior. Conclusions - Our research has demonstrated the effect of employees' engagement on the strategic-driven behavior, emphasizing the role of employees' engagement in health-care service firms. Although previous service research has focused on the factors that drive employees' performance, it seems that most of this research has been inspired by the idea of the service profit chain, focusing on the effect of employees' satisfaction on performance.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.341-363
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• 2017

This case study contributes to the efforts on identifying the essential features of responsive teaching practice where students' mathematical thinking is central in instructional interactions. We firstly conceptualize responsive teaching as a type of teachers' instructional decisions based on noticing literature, and agree on the claim which teachers' responsive decisions should be accounted in classroom interactional contexts where teacher, students and content are actively interacting with each other. Building on this responsive teaching model, we analyze classroom observation data of a 7th grade teacher who implemented a lesson package specifically designed to respond to students' mathematical thinking, called Formative Assessment Lessons. Our findings suggest the characteristics of responsive teaching practice and identify the relationship between noticing and responsive teaching as: (a) noticing on students' current status of mathematical thinking by eliciting and anticipating, (b) noticing on students' potential conceptual development with follow-up questions, and (c) noticing for all students' conceptual development by orchestrating productive discussions. This study sheds light on the actual teachable moments in the practice of mathematics teachers and explains what, when and how to support teachers to improve their classroom practice focusing on supporting all students' mathematical conceptual development.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 위해성평가 과정의 중요한 부분으로서 수행되는 오염물질의 지중(subsurface) 거동 모델의 이용에 관한 전반적인 내용을 고찰하였다. 모델의 종류, 그리고 모델을 선택하고 이용하기 위하여 선행되어야 할 부지조사 및 개념적 모델 수립에 대해서 살펴보았다. 모델 선택의 기준을 정리하였고 대표적 모델과 각 모델의 모의 가능한 부지 조건들을 소개하였다. 모델의 보정, 검증, 민감도 분석 등 모델 이용에 필요한 일련의 과정과 각 과정에서 유의하거나 고려하여야 할 점을 살펴보았다. 본 연구에서 검토한 바에 의하면, 모델 선택의 주요 기준은 모델링의 목표와 수준, 그리고 모델이 오염부지의 주요 현상을 모의할 수 있는지 여부지만, 모델이 실제 시스템을 적절히 모의할 수 있는지는 이러한 기준으로 판단할 수 없으며 모델 입력변수 등 부지 자료의 가용성 및 질적 수준에 따라 결정된다. 한편, 추정된 입력변수에 대하여 높은 민감도를 보인다거나 선택한 모델의 보정 및 검증이 만족스럽지 않은 경우 자료 측정으로 대신하거나 다른 모델로 전환하는 등 전략 수정을 할 필요가 있다.