• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.63-77
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• 2000

The purpose of this article is to devise the activities based on van Hiele levels of geometric thought using computer software, Geometer\\\\`s Sketchpad(GSP) as a tool. The most challenging task facing teachers of geometry is the development of student facility for understanding geometric concepts and properties. The National Council of teachers of Mathematics(Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, 1991; Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, 2000) and the National Re-search Council(Hill, Griffiths, Bucy, et al., Everybody Counts, 1989) have supported the development of exploring and conjecturing ability for helping students to have mathematical power. The examples of the activities built is GSP for students ar designed to illustrate the ways in which van Hiele\\\\`s model can be implemented into classroom practice.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.62-82
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• 1994

The use of information technology (IT) as a competitive weapon has now become a popular cliche. But there is still a lack of understanding of the driving forces that determine particular types of IT adoption in organizations, the activities that supported by ITs, and ITs that organizations are utilizing now and are planning to introduce in the future. Thus, This study investigates the types of IT adoption and organizations' utilization of IT in the value chain now and in the future. Concepts of IT, driving forces for adoption of IT and organizations' activities in the value chain were defined to facilitate the survey.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.235-245
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• 2010

Mitochondria have long been recognized as ATP engines for the cell and recently as a dynamic and mobile organelles that control cell death and life. This exquisite organelle is the site of reactive oxygen species production and is highly vulnerable to exogenous stresses, resulting in catastrophic damage to the cell. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to a wide range of age-associated degenerative diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of mitochondria-dependent pathogenesis may provide important strategies to treat these diseases. Indeed, mitochondria are emerging therapeutic targets for the mitochondria-related diseases. In this paper, we review the recent concepts of mitochondrial biology and how mitochondria are involved in age-associated degenerative diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the therapeutics which target to improve mitochondrial functions.

• School Mathematics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.415-433
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• 2002

The mathematics education community is seeking to change a teacher-centered class-room culture to a student-centered culture. However, the real transition is not easy, even for teachers who are eager and willing to teach differently. The challenge for teachers is to use the social structure of the classrooms to nurture students' development toward mathematical ways of thinking and communicating as well as their under-standing of mathematical concepts and processes. By introducing an elementary teacher's teaching practice and professional develop-ment along with her classroom episodes, this paper is to make strides toward an enriched understanding of the culture of the elementary mathematics classrooms in which students may have a lot of opportunities to develop conceptual under standing and math-ematical disposition. This paper first provides a detailed description of the classroom flow in terms of general social norms and sociomathematical norms in order to explore how the teacher and the students have established such a student-centered math-ematics microculture. This paper then analyzes the teacher's teaching approach and professional development.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.39-58
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• 2004

The School of Mathematical Sciences at University Sains Malaysia has offered a laboratory course on the integration of hand-held technology into the teaching and learning of mathematics since the beginning of the 2001/2002 academic year. This inquiry-based course highlights the explorations and application of mathematics in a data rich modeling environment. In addition, the course addresses several issues related to the effective integration of such technology into the mathematics curriculum. This paper discusses the appropriate use of graphing technology to present mathematical concepts and to support student's understanding in a student-centered learning environment, shares knowledge on the new mathematics that was made possible by hand-held technology, and summarizes student reactions to this innovative learning mode.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.664-669
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• 2010

All prosthetic and restorative therapies require a healthy periodontium as a prerequisite for success. Understanding of the concepts of periodontal-restrorative interaction, especially with regard to interactions at the gingival margin is important. The aim of this article gives the information about the essential considering factor for successful prosthesis; biologic width, periodontal biotype, width of attached gingiva, margin of restoration. If a restorative margin must be extended below the gingival margin, it is critical that adequate band of attached gingiva is present, the margin does not violate the biologic width, the margin is closed and properly finished.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.1843-1854
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• 2010

The utilization of underground space has recently increased with the complication of road, the rise of the land price, and the development of green technology. Underground space ranges from classical excavations to subway, underground cities, and shopping malls where there are crowds of people. At this time, government has spent a lot of money in installing various types of safety facilities for preparations of increasing potential disasters. Therefore, an effective facility management system is required. In this paper, we propose an information retrieval process to effectively extract the facilities' information based on the ontology and spatial analysis in underground space. The ontology-based searching supports hierarchical and associated results as well as knowledge sharing with hierarchy concepts. The spatial analysis based searching has "Buffer" and "Near" functions to operate on a map without understanding any property of the facility information.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.3-9
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• 2002

Entering into the 21st century, digital culture and the innovation of media technology have drastically changed our understanding of the concept of space. Increased availability of information made possible by technological advancement has, directly or indirectly, contributed to the development of space design, which, in turn, offers a possibility for a new paradigm in space design. Given these fundamental changes, this study seeks to explore how to understand the expansion of the concept of space. In order to answer this question, this study investigates de-materialization tendency in modern architectural design such as transparency, anti-gravity, complexity and simultaneity of space. It examines the interaction-oriented nature of space among human, information and time. Finally, based on concepts such as new hyper-surface, which transcend the limitations of space and time, it explores new emerging trends in space design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.1 s.60
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• pp.91-98
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• 2007

Hotels had main functions of providing lodging and food and beverages in the past but hotels theses days have been changing fast to satisfy changes of social paradigm. Hotels are providing various services and further more they are places to represent certain local culture by various ways including improved entertaintment factors. accommodating combined purpose, enhancing characteristics and unique factors. These new trials can be analyzed as concepts of pursuing variety, sensual expression and pursuing originality. The concept of hotel shows new trend of expressions in design by the changes. These trends of expressions can be characterized with differentiation, sameness, heterogeneity, combination and time frame. In this study, by analyzing cases that these characteristics we applied for expanding the range of understanding toward new application method and expect to be applied to appropriate design concept of hotel culture in the future.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2014

Aging process can be characterized as a spontaneous decrease of function in various organs with age. Muscle, as a big organ of human body, undergoes aging process presenting with loss of muscle mass, "sarcopenia". Recently, several working groups have tried to make consensus about sarcopenia for definition and diagnosis. Muscle mass is known to be closely related with bone, brain, fat, cardiovascular and metabolic systems. With increased understanding, clinical and basic researches about sarcopenia have been also increased rapidly from various areas of health science and technology. In this paper, the history and recent concepts of sarcopenia were reviewed and brief discussion of its prospect in the field of neurosurgery was done.