• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.260-265
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• 2010

Purpose: To report the clinical results of two cases of coronoid process fractures that were treated with volar plating through a medial approach. Materials and Methods: Two fractures of the coronoid process that needed to be fixed were managed with open reduction and internal fixation through a medial approach using 2.4 mm locking compression plates (Compact Hand set$^{(R)}$, Synthes, Switzerland). The patients were followed up for 14 months and 17 months and were evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Results: The MEPS was 95 for Case 1 and 100 for Case 2. Active elbow joint motions were $5^{\circ}-120^{\circ}$ (Case 1) and $0^{\circ}-130^{\circ}$ (Case 2). Supination and pronation fully recovered. Conclusion: Satisfactory results can be obtained in cases of coronoid process fractures because volar plating through a medial approach allows sound fixation and early mobilization of the elbow joint.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.146-149
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• 2017

In this study, we compared the standardized value of each signal intensity, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) that digitizes the diffusion of water molecules, and the signal to noise ratio (SNR) using b value 0 400, 1400 ($s/mm^2$). From March 2013 to December 2013, patients with suspicion of simple compound fracture and metastatic spine cancer were included in the MR readout. We used a 1.5 Tesla Achieva MRI system and a Syn-Spine Coil. Sequence is a DWI SE-EPI sagittal (diffusion weighted imaging spin echo-echo planar imaging sagittal) image with b-factor ($s/mm^2$) 0, 400, 1400 were used. Data analysis showed ROI (Region of Interest) in diseased area with high SI (signal intensity) in diffusion-weighted image b value 0 ($s/mm^2$) Using the MRIcro program, each SI was calculated with images of b-value 0, 400, and 1400 ($s/mm^2$), ADC map was obtained using Metlab Software with each image of b-value, The ADC is obtained by applying the ROI to the same position. The standardized values ($SI_{400}/SI_0$, $SI_{400}/SI_0$) of simple compression fractures were $0.47{\pm}0.04$ and $0.23{\pm}0.03$ and the standardized values ($SI_{400}/SI_0$, $SI_{400}/SI_0$) of the metastatic spine were $0.57{\pm}0.07$ and $0.32{\pm}0.08$ And the standardized values of the two diseases were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The ADC ($mm^2/s$) for b value 400 ($s/mm^2$) and 1400 ($s/mm^2$) of the simple compression fracture disease site were $1.70{\pm}0.16$ and $0.93{\pm}0.28$ and $1.24{\pm}0.21$ and $0.80{\pm}0.15$ for the metastatic spine. The ADC ($mm^2/s$) for b value 400($s/mm^2$) was statistically significant (p < 0.05) but the ADC ($mm^2/s$) for b value 1400 (p > 0.05). In conclusion, multi - b value recognition of signal changes in diffusion - weighted imaging is very important for the diagnosis of various spinal diseases.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.222-229
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcomes after fixation using a 3.5-mm locking compression plate (LCP) hook plate for isolated greater tuberosity (GT) fractures of the proximal humerus. Methods: We evaluated the postoperative radiological and clinical outcomes in nine patients who were followed up at least 1 year with isolated GT fractures. Using the deltopectoral approach, we fixed the displaced GT fragments with a 3.5-mm LCP hook plate (Synthes, West Chester, PA, USA). Depending on the fracture patterns, the hook plate was fixed with or without augmentation using either tension suture or suture anchor fixation. Results: All the patient showed successful bone union. The mean time-to-union was 11 weeks. The radiological and clinical outcomes at the final follow-up were generally satisfactory. The mean visual analogue scale for pain, the University of California at Los Angeles score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, and the subjective shoulder value were 1.4, 30.3, 84.3, and 82.2%, respectively. The mean active forward flexion, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation of the shoulder were $156.7^{\circ}$, $152.2^{\circ}$, $61.1^{\circ}$, and the 10th thoracic vertebral level, respectively. Only one patient presented with a postoperative complication of shoulder stiffness. The patient was treated through arthroscopic capsular release on the 5th postoperative month. Conclusions: We conclude that fixation using 3.5-mm LCP hook plates for isolated GT fractures of the proximal humerus is a useful treatment method that provides satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.419-422
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• 2006

Objective : Radiofrequency facet rhizotomy[RFFR] has been widely performed for treatment of chronic neck pain caused by cervical dorsal ramus syndrome[CDRS]. To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of RFFR in the patients with CDRS, we analyzed patients with various cervical pathologic conditions. Methods : The therapeutic results in forty-four patients who underwent RFFR for CDRS from January, 2000 to December, 2002 were analyzed according to the underlying pathologic conditions causing CDRS. The pathologic conditions were sprain [33 cases], herniated nucleus pulposus [6], foraminal stenosis [4], and compression fracture [1]. The therapeutic results were evaluated one month after the operation and graded as excellent, good, fair of poor. Treatments were considered successful if the therapeutic results were graded as either excellent of good. Results : The overall success rate in all patients was 72.7%. The success fate for treatment of cases with cervical sprain was 87.9%, but treatment of cases with herniated nucleus pulposus, foraminal stenosis, and fracture showed unsatisfactory results [mean success rate was 27.3%]. Some patients complained of transient hypesthesia [4 cases] of transient dull pain at the electrode insertion sites [2 cases]. Conclusion : RFFR is an effective and safe treatment for CDRS caused by cervical sprain, regardless of the patient's age, the duration of the symptoms, and the presence of radiating pain.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.416-421
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• 2005

Objective: Despite general agreement on the goals of surgical treatment in thoracolumbar burst fractures, considerable controversy exists regarding the choice of operative techniques. This study is to evaluate the efficacy of short-segment fixation for thoracolumbar burst fractures after long-term follow-up and to analyze the causes of treatment failures. Methods: 48 out of 60 patients who underwent short-segment fixation for thoracolumbar burst fractures between January 1999 and October 2002 were enrolled in this study. Their neurological status, radiological images, and hospital records were retrospectively reviewed. Simple radiographs were evaluated to calculate kyphotic angles and percentages of anterior body compression (%ABC). Results: The average kyphotic angles were $20.0^{\circ}$ preoperatively, $9.6^{\circ}$ postoperatively, and $13.1^{\circ}$ at the latest follow-up. The average %ABC were 47.3% preoperatively, 31.2% postoperatively, and 33.3% at the latest follow-up. The treatment failure, defined as correction loss by $10^{\circ}$ or more or implant failure, was detected in 6 patients (12.5%). 5 out of 6 patients had implant failures. 2 out of 5 patients were related with osteoporosis, and the other 2 were related with poor compliance of spinal bracing. 3 patients with poor initial postoperative alignment had implant failure. 4 patients with screws only on the adjacent vertebrae and not on the injured vertebra itself showed poor initial and overall correction. Conclusion: With proper patient selection, adequate intraoperative reduction with screw fixation involving the injured vertebra, and strict postoperative spinal bracing, the short-segment fixation is an efficient and safe method in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.13-20
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• 2005

Interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of environmentally friendly natural fiber reinforced polymer composites plays a very important role in controlling the overall mechanical performance. The IFSS of various Ramie and Kenaf fibers/epoxy composites was evaluated using the combination of micromechanical test and nondestructive acoustic emission (AE) to find out optimal conditions for desirable final performance. Dynamic contact angle was measured for Ramie and Kenaf fibers and correlated the wettability properties with interfacial adhesion. Mechanical properties of Ramie and Kenaf fibers were investigated using single-fiber tensile test and analyzed statistically by both uni-and bimodal Weibull distributions. An influence of clamping effect on a real elongation for both Ramie and Kenaf fibers were evaluated as well. Two different microfailure modes, axial debonding and fibril fracture coming from fiber bundles and single fiber composites (SFC) were observed under tension and compression.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this review is to analyze results of case studies and controlled studies about Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture. Based on the review, authors desire to suggest the study model including precise information and evident the effect of Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture objectively in treating clinical disorders. Methods We search 44 studies about Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture from 6 Korean web databases, using words 'Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture' in Korean alphabet. This study had been conducted throughout 1 month (July, 2017). We selected case studies and controlled trials in investigated 44 thesis, excluding experimental research and thesis not using the Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture for major treatment. Results We analyze 13 case reports and 7 controlled trials. As a result, Carthmi-Flos Pharmacopuncture was used mostly in musculoskeletal, neurological diseases. But this can be applied to internal diseases. Disorders reported effectively were carpal tunnel syndrome, degenerative knee joint arthritis, posterior neck pain, low back pain, radial nerve palsy, shoulder pain, lumbar compression fracture, alopecia areata, chronic daily headache, duverney fracture, oligomenorrhea, cervical disc herniation, rheumatoid arthritis and cervical headache. Conclusions As we analyzed, Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture is specifically effective in musculoskeletal and neurologic diseases. But there are various problems in study design. To design accurately, the study design should include much more specific information. And the result can be more precise by excluding other methods.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 1999

Fractures of the tibial pilon are the severe injuries to the ankle joint resulted from axial compression, shear and/or rotational forces. The pilon fractures have been difficult in management due to the severe comminution of articular surface and frequent soft tissue problem. Among many treatment options, limited internal fixation of the tibia with long screws and multiple pins augmented with external fixation or casting provide adequate stabilization without soft tissue compromise. Among the patients of pilon fracture admitted to our hospital from March 1993 to March 1997 who treated by limited internal fixation and external fixation or casting, 25cases are included who could be follow up for more than 10months. According to Ruedi and Allgower, typeI 3cases, typeII 14cases, typeIII 8cases. The authors analyzed the clinical and radiological results of the tibial pilon fractures according to Magnusson. The results were as follow. 1. 10cases at Ruedi-Allgower typeII were obtained above fair and 5cases at Ruedi-Allgower typeIII were obtained above fair. 2. The postoperative complications were skin problem(3cases) and infection(2cases), which were treated by antibiotics and flap surgery.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.358-364
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• 2007

Purpose: A life-threatening hemorrhage resulting from a severe facial fracture is rare, but it needs a prompt and aggressive treatment. Especially, a massive oronasal bleeding combined with midfacial fracture which may result from the rupture of the internal maxillary artery. With the recent advances in the radiologic intervention, its use has increased for managing these life threatening case. We reviewed its usefulness with our experiences and literatures. Methods: A retrospective review was performed to determine the usefulness of the transcatheter arterial embolization in patients with panfacial trauma. If the vital signs were unstable, cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed. Oronasal bleeding was controlled with nasal packing and electrocautery. All injured regions were studied by radiologic study including CT. Even after primary management, if the oronasal bleeding was persistent, radiologic intervention was performed 10 patients were treated with transcatheter arterial embolization and the bleeding focus controlled by embolization with polyvinyl alcohol and gelfoam. Results: After the intervention, the vital signs became stable and there were no complications from embolization in the follow-up for 6 months. Also patients could recover through appropriate operations. Conclusion: Transcatheter arterial embolization for maxillofacial injury has many advantages for both, the doctor and the patient. First, less pain is induced than a compression device or an operation, which is another way to treat oronasal bleeding. Second, it does not need general anesthesia. And through a single procedure not only we can know the accurate bleeding point, but we can also bleeding by embolization.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.56-59
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• 2016

Patients with pelvic bone fractures with gastrointestinal perforations are reported in 4.4% of the cases and in very rare cases jejunum (0.15) is involved. However, intestinal perforations are often undiagnosed on the first examination before peritonitis is evident. We are presenting a report where a patient with anteroposterior compression injury, who was expected to undergo an internal fixation procedure, did not show any jejunum perforations on abdominal CT or other physical exams but was found on abdominal CT 1 week after right before surgery, therefore excision and anastomosis surgery, pelvic open reduction and internal fixation was simultaneously done with favorable results. In our case, we present a 61 year old male patient with liver trauma, adhesion at the abdominal cavity, with a past history of gallbladder excision, but without abdominal pain, fever, or infection symptoms. Therefore, this was a case that was difficult to initially diagnose the patient with jejunum perforation and peritonitis. The diagnosis was further supported during laparotomy when peritonitis around the area of intestinal perforation was observed. Generally, it is understood that pelvic bone fracture surgery is not immediately done on patients with peritonitis. However, this kind of patient who had peritonitis with intestinal adhesion and other complications could undergo surgery immediately as infection or other related symptoms did not coexist and the patient was rather stable, and as a result the treatment was successful.