• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.593-600
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• 2016

본 연구는 알칼리 활성화된 다성분계 시멘트에서 카올린(kaolinite, KA)의 효과에 다른 강도 특성에 관한 것이다. 연구에는 고로슬래그 미분말(GGBFS), 플라이애시(FA), 실리카 퓸(SF) 그리고 카올린(KA)을 결합재로 사용하였다. 시험체는 20% ~ 70% GGBFS, 10% ~ 60% FA, 10% SF(고정 비율) 그리고 10% ~ 50% KA의 범위로 혼합하였다. 물/결합재 비는 0.5이다. 결합재는 수산화나트륨(NaOH)과 규산나트륨($Na_2SiO_3$)을 전체 결합재(GGBFS + FA + SF + KA) 중량의 10% (10% NaOH + 10% $Na_2SiO_3$)비율로 사용하였다. 실험은 압축강도, 물 흡수율, 초음파 속도, 건조수축과 X-ray diffraction (XRD)를 수행하였다. 압축강도는 KA의 양이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 강도감소의 중요한 원인중 하나는 GGBFS 또는 FA와 비교하여 KA의 낮은 활성화 때문이다. 수화가 진행되는 동안 KA는 완전하게 반응하지 않았다. 또한 KA의 양이 증가할수록 UPV는 모든 시험체에서 감소하였다. 건조수축과 물 흡수율은 KA의 양이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 이러한 시험결과를 통해 다성분계 시멘트의 강도 특성은 KA와 GGBFS의 양에 큰 영향을 받는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2007년도 춘계학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.25-28
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• 2007

In this study we measured the changes according to time respectively on the basis of 0, 30, 60 and 90 minutes, taking into consideration the decline in fluidity of concrete according to elapsed time to analyze manufacturing capability of batcher plant according to elapsed time of ready-mixed concrete manufactured in batcher plant, and offer basic data for mixture design of ultra-high strength concrete. The proportion of water-binder was 23.55, water content was 160kg/m3, proportion of replacement of crushed sand was 0, 20 and 40% at 3 level, and we applied to the same condition of triaxial component using blast furnace slag powder and silica fume as admixture. And to meet the demand of certain fluidity, we measured respectively on property before and after hardening of ultra-high strength concrete using superplasticizer. As a result of experiment, before hardening of ultra-high strength concrete showed the best fluidity in conditions of crushed sand replacement rates of 20% and superplasticizer composition of 1.95%, but it appeared that fluidity drops as time goes by in the same composition condition. And it appeared that when it comes to hardened, the changes of compression strength according to elapsed time by crushed sand replacement rates were within 1MPa. Therefore, it turned out that the difference of strength according to elapsed time was low and compression strength of 280dys in composition mentioned above appeared highly as 88MPa.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2020

Photovoltaic (PV) power system prices have been steadily dropping in recent years due to their mass production and advances in relevant technology. Crystalline silicon (c-Si wafers) account for the largest share of the price of solar cells; reducing the thickness of these wafers is an essential part of increasing the price competitiveness of PV power systems. However, reducing the thickness of c-Si wafers is challenging; typically, phenomena such as bowing and cracking are encountered. While several approaches to address the bowing phenomenon of the c-Si solar cells exist, the only method to study the crack phenomenon (related to the strength of the c-Si solar cells) is the bending test method. Moreover, studies on determining the strength properties of the solar cells have focused largely on c-Si wafers, while those on the strength properties of front and rear-side electrodes and SiNx, the other components of c-Si solar cells, are scarce. In this study, we analyzed the strength characteristics of each layer of c-Si solar cells. The strength characteristics of the sawing mark direction produced during the production of c-Si wafers were also tested. Experiments were conducted using a 4bending tester for a specially manufactured c-Si solar cell. The results indicate that the back side electrode is the main component that experienced bowing, while the front electrode was the primary component regulating the strength of the c-Si solar cell.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.695-702
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• 2002

Shotcrete (or Sprayed concrete) has been used as an important support material in New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM). Since the mid of 1990, permanent shotcrete tunnel linings such as Single-shell, NMT (Norwegian Method of Tunnelling) has been constructed in many countries for reducing the construction time and lowing construction costs instead of conventional in-situ concrete linings. Among essential technologies for successful application of permanent shotcrcte linings, high performance shotcrete providing high strength, high durability, better pumpability has to be developed in advance as an integral component. This paper presents the Ideas and first experimental attempts to increase early strength and bond strength of wet-mixed Steel Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete(SFRS) in sump water condition. In order to increase early strength, a new approach using high-early strength cement with liquid alkali-free accelerator has been investigated From the results, wet-mix SFRS with high-early strength cement and alkali-free accelerator exhibited excellent early strength improvement compared to the ordinary portland content and good bond strength even under sump water condition.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.949-954
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• 2011

In this study, the characteristics and error ranges of the mechanical bonding strength were analyzed according to before and after thermal shock test for various chips of automotive application component using Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder. In the after thermal shock test, the mechanical bonding strengths tend to decrease, meanwhile decreasing rates of mechanical strengths were less then 12% at specimen's bonding area below 3.5$mm^2$, and were from 17 to 21% at specimen's bonding area above 12 $mm^2$. On the other hand, Specimen's mean deviation rates were about 5% at specimen's bonding area more than 12 $mm^2$. Inversely, at specimen's bonding area is less then 3.5 $mm^2$, mean deviation rates were increased to about 8%. It means that the smaller device size is, the larger mean deviation rate. In addition, error ranges and deviation rates of the mechanical bonding strengths may differ slightly depending on their bonding area. Furthermore, process conditions as well as method of mechanical reliability evaluation should be established to reduce the error ranges of bonding strength.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1990

본 논문에서는 신뢰도(reliability)에 제한조건을 두어, 부유식 해양구조물의 주요 부재인 보강된 실린서의 최적설계를 다루었다. 기대되는 총비용을 목적함수로 하여 최소화하였다. 그 총비용은 구조적 비용과 파괴로 인해 예상되는 비용(expected failure cost)으로 구성된다. 여러 설계규정에서 요구하는 설계 요구사항을 역시 제한조건으로서 고려하였다. 본 논문에서는 안전성 측면에서 중요한 구조부재만의 신뢰도를 고려하였고, 시스템의 파괴확율은 일반적으로 부재의 파괴확율보다 상당히 작고 또한 시스템 파괴에 의한 비용을 추정하는 것은 매우 어려우므로 시스템의 파괴는 고려하지 않았다. 또한 파괴모드로써 최종파괴만을 다루었고 피로파괴는 고려하지 않았다. 몇가지 최적설계의 예를 본 논문의 결과로서 보여 주었으며 또한 동일한 구조부재의 설계공식에 따른 최적설계를 비교하기 위해 보강된 실린더의 설계시 현재 사용하는 다른 형태의 설계공식을 갖고 최적설계 결과를 유도하였다. 본 논문에서는 그 결과들로부터 신뢰성해석에 기초한 최적화 과정을 통해 다른 구조물의 설계시 보다 많은 비용의 절감을 꾀할 수 있는 가능성으로부터 그 중요성이 강조되었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.87-92
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to use paper sludge ash as a material in manufacturing high strength admixture. The reactivity of paper sludge ash as iteself is low for the crystallized non-reactive $SiO_2$, but when the $SiO_2$ was removed, the phase component is mainly composed of glass phase which could react with cement hydrates. In this study, we manufactured high strength admixture using separated paper sludge ash, and examined the strength of mortar, spun concrete with and without this high strength admixture in steam curing. The strength of spun concrete with high strength admixture including paper sludge ash was more higher than that of spun concrete without admixture. As a result, it was found that paper sludge ash could be used to a pozzolanic material in manufacturing high strength admixture.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1996년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.86-87
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• 1996

IPN (Interpenetrating Polymer Network) is a mixture of two or more crosslinked polymers with physically interlocked network structures between the component polymers. IPN can be classified as an alloy of thermosets and has the characteristics of thermosets such as the thermal resistance and chemical resistance and also has the characteristics of polymer alloys with enhanced impact resistance and amphoteric properties. The physical interlocking during the synthesis restricts the phase separation of the component polymer with chemical pinning process, thus the control of morphology is possible through variations of the reaction temperature and pressure, catalyst concentration and crosslinking agent concentration. Finely dispersed domain structure can be obtained through IPN synthesis of polymer components with gross immiscibility. In membrane applications, particularly for the separation of liquid mixtures, crosslinked polymer component with specific affinity to the permeate is needed. With the presence of the permeant-inert polymer component, the mechanical strength and the selectivity of the membranes are enhanced by restricting the swelling of the transporting polymer component networks.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 학회창립 10주년 기념 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.77-80
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• 1999

Before the field applications, several basic laboratory test were the characteristics of workability and strength of the concrete containing CSA expansive additive. As a result, high strength concrete using CSA expansive additive show similar workability and compressive to that of plain concrete, the optimum replacement ratio of them to plain concrete were obtained for CSA expansive additive 10%. On the other hand, it can be concluded that the use of CSA component is effective to prevent shrinkage crack reducing concrete using superplasticizer and to achive volume stability of concrete structure.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1713-1718
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• 2010

An ultimate strength evaluation of the through plate girder bridge using nonlinear inelastic analysis is presented. In this method, separate member capacity checks after analysis are not required, because the stability and strength of the structural system and its component members can be rigorously treated in analysis. The method captures the inelastic redistribution of internal forces throughout a structural system, and allows an economic use of material for highly indeterminate steel bridges.