• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.409-415
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• 2003

Recently, the modular learning are very popular and receive much attention for pattern classification. The modular learning method based on the "divide and conquer" strategy can not only solve the complex problems, but also reach a better result than a single classifier′s on the learning quality and speed. In the neural network area, some researches that take the modular learning approach also have been made to improve classification performance. In this paper, we propose a simple modular neural network for characters recognition of vehicle number plate and evaluate its performance on the clustering methods of feature vectors used in constructing subnetworks. We implement two clustering method, one is grouping similar feature vectors by K-means clustering algorithm, the other grouping unsimilar feature vectors by our proposed algorithm. The experiment result shows that our algorithm achieves much better performance.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.117.1-117.1
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• 2011

We have demonstrated Forst-type resonance energy transfer (FRET) in the quasi-solid type dye-sensitized solar cells between organic fluorescence materials as an energy donor doped in polymeric gel electrolyte and ruthenium complex as an energy acceptor on surface of $TiO_2$. The strong spectral overlap of emission/absorption of energy donor and acceptor is required to get high FRET efficiency. The judicious choice of energy donor allows the enhancement of light harvesting characters of energy acceptor in quasi-solid dye sensitized solar cells which increase the power conversion efficiency. The enhanced light harvesting effect by the judicious choice/design of the fluorescence materials and sensitizing dyes permits the enhancement of photovoltaic performance of DSSC.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.527-538
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• 2014

Let K be a compact Hausdorff space, $\mathfrak{A}$ a commutative complex Banach algebra with identity and $\mathfrak{C}(\mathfrak{A})$ the set of characters of $\mathfrak{A}$. In this note, we study the class of functions $f:K{\rightarrow}\mathfrak{A}$ such that ${\Omega}_{\mathfrak{A}}{\circ}f$ is continuous, where ${\Omega}_{\mathfrak{A}}$ denotes the Gelfand representation of $\mathfrak{A}$. The inclusion relations between this class, the class of continuous functions, the class of bounded functions and the class of weakly continuous functions relative to the weak topology ${\sigma}(\mathfrak{A},\mathfrak{C}(\mathfrak{A}))$, are discussed. We also provide some results on its completeness under the norm defined by ${\mid}{\parallel}f{\parallel}{\mid}={\parallel}{\Omega}_{\mathfrak{A}}{\circ}f{\parallel}_{\infty}$.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.2217-2220
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• 2005

This paper introduces a practical implementation of virtual crowd simulation software. Usual commercial crowd simulation softwares are complex and have program-like script interfaces, which makes an animator hard to learn and use them. Based on the observations that most crowd scenes include walking, running and fighting movements, we have implemented a crowd simulation system that automatically generates movements of virtual characters given user's minimal direction of initial configuration. The system was implemented as a plug-in of Maya which is one of the most commonly used 3D software for movies. Because generated movements are based on optically captured motion clips, the results are sufficiently natural.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.409-415
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• 1988

In this study, an aniline modified Bakelite-A resine was synthesized by polymerizing phenol, formaldehyde and aniline. Structural properties of the polymer were examined by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and vapour pressure osmometry. By visible spectroscopy, it was found that nitrogens of amine groups in the polymer are strongly coordinated to Ni(Ⅱ). Also a nitrate ion-selective PVC membrane electrode based on the polymer-Ni(Ⅱ) complex as ion carrier was preparaed. The electrode gave a linear response with a Nernstian slope within the concentration range $10^{-1}$ M∼$10^{-4}$M $KNO_3$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.548-558
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• 1990

Physiology and genetics of early maturity in cereals are the subject of practical as well as scientific interest for agronomist and plant breeders, Thorough understanding of the true nature of such a complex character requires physiological and genetical knowledge about the internal factors, which are closely bound up with and react to some particular external or environmental factors. From the practical point of view. experiments should be conducted under controlled conditions. especially the day length and temperature, so that the genotypic differences pertaining to these factors may be discerned. Takahashi and Yasuda (1958, 1970) maintained that at least three physiological factors were responsible for determining earliness in barley. namely. (1) spring and winter habit of growth or vernalization requirement, (2) ogitioeruiduc response or sensitivity to short-day, and (3) earliness factor in a narrow sense or minimal vegetative growth. The same situations were true in common wheat also (Yasuda and Shimoyama, 1965), In this report. physiology and genetics of internal factors and their relations to the time of heading in the field will be presented with some problems concerning differences in mechanism of early maturity between barley and wheat.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2002

Regarding efficient development of computer graphic animations, lots of techniques for editing or transforming existing motion data have been developed. Basically, the motion transformation techniques follow optimization process. To make the animation be natural, almost all the techniques utilize kinematics and dynamics in constructing constraints for the optimization. Since the kinematic and dynamic structures of virtual characters to be animated are very complex, the most time-consuming part is known to the optimization process. In order to suggest some guide lines to engineers involved in the motion transformation, in this paper, we analyze the computational complexities for typical motion transformation in quantitative manner as well as the possibility for parallel computation.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.177-180
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of landscape for historical areas in Italy and suggest a planning directions and consideration points for historic landscape in residential complex. This study is consisted of four areas as followings: The first part, as a theoretical study, reviews the research method of this study. The second part, the concept of historic cultural landscape and its scope. The third part, focalizes the characteristics of landscape management and concept of the historic area. The last part, as a field planning, analyses the characteristics of urban landscape planning and architecture. The result of analytical reviews is synthesized and used to suggest the major strategies and guidances for the future landscape in terms of physical, socio-cultural, and institutional aspects under consideration of Korean situations.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2012

Seven species of the genus $Melanaphis$ van der Goot are recognized in Korea, including $M.$ $sorini$ Halbert and Remaudi$\grave{e}$re new to Korea. Morphometric analysis is performed based on 27 major characteristics to determine the morphometric correlation between species and to suggest useful diagnostic characters in this species complex. We provide the identification key based on the results of the morphometric analysis.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.129-136
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• 2014

Using the criteria of previous study, we analyzed the morphological characters of 66 specimens of the Sebastes pachycephalus complex collected from Korea between 2008 and 2013. As a result, the 37 specimens were identified as Sebastes nudus, and the remaining specimens as Sebastes pachycephalus. Sebastes nudus is characterized by the absence of scales below the base of the dorsal fin spines; the absence of dark spots on the dorsal, anal, and caudal fins; and the presence of distinct yellow or brownish-red markings on the dorsum (when fresh). The most similar species S. pachycephalus differs from S. nudus in having minute scales below the base of the dorsal fin spines. We propose the new Korean name "Hwang-jeom-gae-bol-rak" for S. nudus, and redescribe S. pachycephalus.