• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.107-131
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• 2010

The goals of the present study are two-fold: 1) to examine NNS teachers' needs for training period in improving their general communicative competence and classroom communicative competence, and 2) to explore the relationships of teachers' needs for the training period, and their current levels of general/classroom communicative competence and other background variables. Data was collected from seventy primary and secondary school English teachers (N=70) who participated in the six-month intensive teacher training program in South Korea. The teacher trainees responded to four questionnaires of 1) the self-diagnosis of their current levels of four language skills (L/S/R/W) in both general/classroom communicative competence, 2) the training period required to improve their general/classroom communicative competence for teaching both English and other subjects through English, 3) the period of their English teaching, and 4) the proportion of their English use in class. The data analysis has shown that there were the strong relationships between trainee needs for the training period and their teaching period, and the proportion of their English use in class. In terms of trainees' communicative competence, the significant relations of both their general/classroom communicative competence and their needs for the training period were found. Implications of the findings are discussed.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.131-153
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• 2019

Purpose This study examines the roles of firm-level IT competence in the relationship between marketing orientation and marketing performance in the context of Chinese SMEs. To achieve this goal, this study presents and empirically tests a model of how competitor orientation and customer orientation can be exploited to positively influence marketing performance through IT competence. Design/methodology/approach The competitor orientation and customer orientation are based on the market orientation construct developed by Trainor et al. (2011). IT competence re based on the market orientation construct developed by Reitz et al. 2018) and the marketing performance are based on the performance construct developed by Hooley et al., (2005). To complete the investigation, we conducted a survey in China from February 2019 to April 2019. Randomly contacted 150 Chinese SMEs, including SMEs of all sizes and types. To test our hypotheses, partial least squares (PLS) method was employed. Findings The findings indicate that customer orientation is antecedent to IT competence, while competitor orientation has no significant relationship with IT competence. This study provides a better understanding of the connection between IT competence and firm performance. So companies should focus on shaping customer-oriented culture and training IT competence.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.48-62
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• 2013

Purpose: As Korean society has rapidly become multicultural in the last few decades, it is essential for nurses to become culturally competent to provide effective care for ethnically and culturally diverse populations. Considering the advantages of standardized instrument, there is a need to evaluate current cultural competence instruments to assess adaptability to Korean nurses. Methods: Using Macdowell's instrument evaluation guideline, a review and evaluation was done of the Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence among Healthcare Professionals (IAPCC) and Cultural Competence Assessment (CCA), which were both developed based on cultural competence theoretical models and have been commonly used in nursing research. Two other Korean instruments were also evaluated. Results: The instruments reviewed have limitations in reliability and validity, as well as cultural background and development process, for measurement of cultural competence in Korean nurses. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to discuss and agree on a definition of what cultural competence is and to develop instruments to measure cultural competence in Korean nurses.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.71-89
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• 2012

This study examined the characteristics of early child care teachers and the ways this influences their abilities to promote the parent-teacher partnerships. 266 early child care teachers participated in this study. Parent-teacher partnerships, communication competence, interpersonal competence, and teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement were measured by means of The Caregiver-Parent Partnership Scale, Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale, Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire and selected elements of the Teacher Self-efficacy Scale. The results indicated that parent-teacher partnerships were significantly different in terms of the characteristics of teachers. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that the communication competence, interpersonal competence, and teacher self-efficacy significantly predicted the type and quality of parent-teacher partnerships. In conclusion, improving the effectiveness of parent-teacher partnerships seems heavily dependent upon the quality and personal abilities an beliefs of early child care teachers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.366-374
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was designed to identify a path model that anticipates the interpersonal competence of nurses by anticipating factors that explain interpersonal competence within an organization, and analyzing the effects of these factors. A hypothetical model was formulated based on a literature review of interpersonal competence. For the study, influential factors were divided into two variables: exogenous variables including communication style, coaching leadership, and social support, and endogenous variables of self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Methods: The sample included 202 hospital nurses. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. Results: The overall fitness was good ($x^2=74.707$, p<.001), d.f=19, $x^2/df=3.932$, GFI=.940, AGFI=.826, RMR=.009). Social support, self-efficacy, horizontal communication and organizational commitment directly affected the interpersonal competence of the nurses, and informal type of communication, horizontal, upward communication and coaching leadership indirectly effected the interpersonal competence of the nurses. Horizontal communication, social support, self-efficacy, and organizational commitment explained 46.5% of the variance in interpersonal competence of nurses. Conclusion: Based on the study results, nurses in hospitals need informal types of communication, horizontal, upward communication and coaching leadership to increase their interpersonal competence.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical competence and to analyze influencing factors on clinical competence for second year college nursing students. Methods: The data were collected from 183 students by means of self reported questionnaires with clinical competence, satisfaction of clinical practice experience, critical thinking disposition, and self-directed learning, on June 18th 2007 and June 25th 2008. Results: The influencing factors on clinical competence of nursing students were satisfaction of clinical practice experience and critical thinking disposition. The more adaptable a student's major was, the higher the clinical competence and satisfaction of clinical practice experience. The score of self-directed learning was the highest in the well adapted group of a major. For clinical competence categories, the level of basic nursing was the highest followed by psychosocial nursing, patient education, nursing process, monitoring and patient physical assessment. The level of direct nursing care was the lowest among nursing students. Conclusion: In conclusion, results of this study suggest that constructing a cooperative system between colleges and educational hospitals, intensifying preceptors' and professors' clinical instruction, and developing a multimedia learning module and practice using simulators or standardized patient care is necessary to promote clinical competence of nursing students.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.299-313
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• 2020

This study investigated the relationship among fathers' parenting involvement, mothers' parenting competence, and young children's self-control. Participants consisted of 325 mothers and young children (169 boys and 153 girls) from the Seoul area who completed questionnaires on fathers' parenting involvement, mothers' parenting competence, and young children's self-control. Data were statistically analyzed using basic descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Baron and Kenny's method was examined. Subsequently, the Sobel test was performed to check the mediating model's significance and was adapted to SPSS version 21.0 for Windows. The major findings were as follows. First, fathers' parenting involvement was positively correlated with young children's self-control and mothers' parenting competence. Second, mothers' parenting competence was positively correlated with young children's self-control. The mothers' parenting competence indicated a tendency to play a perfectly/partially play a mediating role between fathers' parenting involvement and young children's self-control; consequently, a fathers' parenting involvement had a direct effect as well as an indirect effect through the mothers' parenting competence on young children's self-control. The results indicated that a mothers' parenting competence plays a crucial role in the relationship between a fathers' parenting involvement and the young children's self-control.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to identify the level of knowledge and competence of nurses with regard to cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods: The participants were 360 nurses who worked in 3 general hospitals affiliated with universities in K-province. The study was done in May and June, 2005. Analysis was done using SPSS 12.0 and descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that nurses’knowledge and competence levels vary. Mean scores for knowledge were 19.64. Using a score of 1, the mean was 0.65. Mean scores for competence were 96.29. Using a score of 5, the mean was 3.57. Correlation between total knowledge and total competence was r=.49 (p=.00). Conclusion: Lack of knowledge and low competence in nurses should be addressed in cardiopulmonary resuscitation education programs. For more effective education, the type of education should not be limited to lectures only, but should include both lectures and practice. As knowledge and competence were affected by work experience, it is important to provide nurses not only with knowledge but with work experience to increase levels of knowledge and competence in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.161-178
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parenting stress of mothers, warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behaviors on children's social competence. Methods: A total of 1515 mothers of young children(780 boys, 735 girls), who had participated in wave 7 of the Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC), answered the questionnaires. The questionnaires included items about mothers' parenting stress, parenting behaviors, and their children's social competence. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and structural equation models using SPSS 23 and AMOS 22. Results: First, there was a significantly negative correlation between mothers' parenting stress and children's social competence. Also, there was a significantly positive correlation between mothers' warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behavior and children's social competence. Second, mothers' parenting stress showed a direct negative effect on children's social competence. Third, mothers' warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behaviors showed partial mediating roles in the relationship between mothers' parenting stress and children's social competence. Conclusion/Implications: In order to develop positive social competence of children, programs and social support are needed to reduce mothers'parenting stress and induce positive parenting behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.199-214
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of siblings, emotional intelligence (E.I.), and conflict solving strategies (integrating-compromising strategy/ dominating strategy) on children's social competence. The subjects were 421 6th graders (231 boys, 190 girls) in Seoul. The children filled out questionnaires on their siblings, E.I., and conflict solving strategies. Their teachers were asked to rate the children's social competence. Mediational analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling. Both integrating-compromising strategies and dominating strategies mediated the relationship between E.I. and social competence. Children with higher E.I. reported that they used more integrating-compromising strategies, which in turn was related to higher social competence. Those who scored low on E.I. reported that they used more dominating strategies, which in turn was related to lower social competence. Although the effects of siblings did not have any direct effects on social competence, it was found to be related to the type of conflict solving strategies most frequently used. Compared to the children with siblings, the children without siblings used more dominating strategies, which in turn contributed to lower social competence.