• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2023

This study compared the nutritional composition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss from different inland-based trout farms. The proximate composition ranges of the fish were 67.10-72.77 g/100 g moisture, 19.13-21.35 g/100 g crude protein, 5.12-11.72 g/100 g crude lipid, and 1.24-1.97 g/100 g ash. In addition, rainbow trout contained significantly different mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acid concentrations, ranging from 1.31 to 4.33 g/100 g and 1.21 to 3.2 g/100 g, respectively. The content of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids ranged from 0.68 to 1.68 and from 0.49 to 1.61 g/100 g, respectively. The n-6/n-3 ratio was in the range of 0.79-1.59. The vitamin content of the rainbow trout from the different farms was 14.83-49.30 ㎍/100 g vitamin A, 922.05-3,179.38 ㎍/100 g alpha-tocopherol, ND-73.59 ㎍/100 g, gamma-tocopherol, 2.97-14.55 ㎍/100 g vitamin D, and 76.63-126.03 ㎍/100 g vitamin B₂. Slight differences were observed in the crude lipid, fatty acid, and vitamins A and E contents among the of rainbow trouts from the different farms. The results suggest that the fish nutrient composition, especially that of lipids, was significantly different among rainbow trouts from different farms, but may not be related to the production area.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.257-268
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• 2007

본 연구는 멧돼지 교잡종육과 재래 흑돼지육, 개량종 돼지육의 냉장저장중 품질을 비교하고자 실시하였다. 방목사육된 멧돼지 교잡종(멧돼지 ♂×Duroc ♀, 평균 113kg, 거세돈 1두 및 미경산돈 3두) 4두와 옥내사육된 재래 흑돼지 5두(평균 64kg, 거세돈 5두) 및 개량종 돼지 5두(Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc, 평균 114kg, 거세돈 5두)를 도축한 다음 등심(M. longssimus) 부위를 2±0.2℃에서 12일 동안 저장하면서 품질분석에 이용하였다. 수분 함량은 멧돼지 교잡종육이 재래 흑돼지육보다 높았으나(p<0.05), 조지방 함량은 낮았다(p<0.05). pH는 멧돼지 교잡종육이 저장기간 동안 개량종 돼지육보다 낮았으며(p<0.05), 그에 따라 낮은 보수력을 보였다(p<0.05). 표면육색은 멧돼지 교잡종육의 L*, a*, b*, C* 값이 저장기간 동안 재래 흑돼지육보다 낮았던 반면(p<0.05), 저장 3, 6일부터는 개량종 돼지육보다 높았다(p<0.05). 지방산 조성은 멧돼지 교잡종육이 타품종 돈육에 비해 포화지방산 함량이 낮고(p<0.05), linoleic acid와 arachidonic acid를 포함한 다가불포화지방산이 높았음에도 불구하고 저장기간 동안 지방산화는 지연되었다. 전자코의 PCA에 의한 향기패턴은 저장 0, 12일에 세 품종의 돈육간에 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the quality of dry-aged beef from cull Hanwoo cows slaughtered at 60 or 80 months old. Methods: A total of eight cull Hanwoo carcasses with a quality grade of 3 (low-grade) were selected and divided into two age groups: 63.5±2.5 months old (n = 4) and 87.8±4.5 months old (n = 4). Whole longissimus thoracis et lumborum from the 11th rib to the last lumbar vertebrae, including the back fat, was removed from the carcass at 24 h postmortem and aged for 50 days in darkness at a temperature of 2℃±1℃, a relative humidity of 85% and an air flow of 2 m/s. The sampling was performed aseptically after 0, 20, 24, 40, and 50 days of aging. Results: Regardless of the aging period, aging increased the lightness (p<0.05), redness (p<0.05) and yellowness (p<0.05) at initial blooming (90 min after slicing) and the overall acceptance (p<0.05). No further tenderization effect was found after 20 days of aging, but aging for 50 days significantly increased the lipid oxidation (p<0.05). The generation of aroma volatiles in the roast steak from aged samples was higher (p<0.05) than that of non-aged samples. No significant effect of age at slaughter was found on the color, pH, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force value, bacterial counts, volatile basic nitrogen, consumer acceptance, lipid oxidation, fatty acid composition or aroma volatiles. Conclusion: The quality of dry-aged beef obtained from cull Hanwoo cows slaughtered at either 60 or 80 months old with similar quality grade was comparable and extending dry aging for more than 40 days is not recommended considering the costs and further lipid oxidation.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.241-249
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• 1993

전보(문, 1993)에 이어 은어의 중성 및 인지질의 class별 조성과 각각의 구성 지방산을 분석${\cdot}$비교 한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 은어의 전 부위의 중성지질은 triglyceride가 주성분으로서 $94.8{\sim}99.5\%$를 차지하였으며, 다른 부위에 비하여 내장부위의 조성비가 가장 높았고, 머리부위가 가장 낮았다. 2. 은어의 인지질은 전 부위에서 phosphatidylcholine 및 phosphatidylethanolamine이 주성분이었으며, 이들 성분은 머리와 근육부위에 많은 양이 함유되어 있었다 내장에 cardiolipin, phosphatidylethanolamine, lyso-phosphatidylcholine이 주성분이었다. 3. 중성지질의 주요 지방산은 16:0, 88:1n-9, 16:1n-7, 18:2n-6, 18:0 및 14:0이었고, 크기와 부위에 따른 차이는 미미했다. 이들 중 16:1n-7 및 14:0의 조성비는 인지질에 비해 특히 높은 반면, polyene산의 조성비는 낮았다. 4. 인지질의 주요 지방산은 16:0, 18:1n-9, 22:6n-3, 18:0 및 18:2n-6 등이었다. 이들 중 22:6n-3 조성비는 머리 및 근육에서 특히 높아, 중성지질의 경우에 비해 6배 정도 높은 함량이었다. 은어의 크기에 따른 중성 및 인지질의 구성지방산 조성의 차이는 거의 없었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1449-1457
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• 2008

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Longissimus muscle (LM) of three cattle genetic groups (Purunã, PUR, 11; 1/2 Purunã vs. 1/2 British, PUB, 6 and 1/2 Charolais vs. 1/2 Caracu, CHC, 10) finished in pasture systems. The field work took place at the Lapa Research Farm of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná, in the city of Lapa, south Brazil. The animals were fed during the winter with corn silage, cottonseed meal, cracked corn, urea, limestone and mineral salts as sources of protein, as well as an energy supplement, in pasture systems of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. The animal groups were slaughtered at 20 months of age, at 50122.6 kg live weight. CHC bulls had higher (p<0.05) final weight than PUR and PUB bulls. Hot carcass weight was similar (p>0.10) between PUR and PUB. Hot carcass dressing percentage was higher (p<0.05) for PUB bulls than for PUR and CHC bulls. On the other hand, hot carcass dressing percentage was similar (p>0.05) between PUR and CHC bulls. Fat thickness was similar (p>0.10) among all genetic groups. However, the Longissimus area of CHC bulls was greater (p<0.05) than in PUR and PUB genetic groups. The genetic groups did not affect (p>0.10) the marbling of Longissimus. There was no observed difference (p>0.10) in moisture, ash, crude protein and total cholesterol contents among the three genetic groups. On the other hand, the total lipid percentage was higher (p<0.05) for the PUB genetic group in comparison with PUR and CHC. CLA percentage was highest for PUR animals. However, total CLA amounts were not altered by the different genetic groups.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2007

This study was done to investigate the health-related habits, dietary intakes and serum lipid levels in overweight and obese women by body mass index(BMI). Subjects were 137 pre-menopausal women aged 19 to 49 years. They were divided by 3 groups, overweight($23{\leqq}BMI<25$), obese($25{\leqq}BMI<30$) and morbidly obese($BMI{\geq}30$) according to their BMI. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) method. Dietary intakes were examined by 3-day record method and nutrient intakes were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional analysis program for professionals(CAN-pro 3.1). Serum lipid levels were measured using automatic biochemical analyzer(Selectra E). The average age, height weight and BMI of subjects were 31.7 years old, 159.3cm, 69.4kg, and $27.4kg/m^2$, respectively. Their average consumption of energy were 1712kca1 and 86.4% of estimated energy requirement(EER). Their mom ratio of carbohydrate:protein:fat was 55.2:14.6:30.2. Particularly, the fat consumption of subjects tended to be elevated with increasing BMI. There was no significant difference in nutrient intakes among 3 groups. But the mom intakes of Ca, Fe, vitamin C and Na of all the subjects were 70.1%, 81.2%, 75.7% of recommended intake(RI) and 258.9% of adequate intake(AI), respectively, The intakes of vegetables and seaweeds were significantly higher in morbidly obese group while the intake of fruits was higher in overweight group compared to the other groups. Serum lipid analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol among the groups. But the serum HDL-cholesterol level of the overweight group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. LDL-/HDL-cholesterol ratio and AI index were significantly higher in the morbidly obese group compared to the other groups. In addition, The systolic blood pressure of morbidly obese group was significantly higher compared to the other groups. Overall data suggest that morbidly obese women have to more concern about reducing systolic blood pressure and nm lipid levels by decreasing their fat consumption and salt intakes as well as loosing body fat. In addition, all the subjects participated in this study have to be careful about their meals and health-related behaviors in order to prevent obesity-related chronic diseases.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.194-199
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• 1999

한국품종 및 중국품종 참깨를 한국 조치원 및 중국 길림성에서 각각 재배, 수확한 참깨 및 이를 볶아 제조한 참기름을 시료로 하여 화학성분을 분석 비교하였다. 참기름의 수율은 한국품종 한국산이 47.8%, 중국품종 중국산이 48.1%, 재배지 교환시는 한국품종 중국산이 48.6%, 중국품종 한국산이 49.3%로 나타났다. 참기름의 색도는 한국품종 한국산이 L값이 다소 낮아 참기름 고유의 암갈색을 띠었다. 참기름의 지방질 조성은 한국품종 한국산은 중성, 당, 인지질의 조성비가 93.1%, 6.6%, 0.2%였고, 중국품종 중국산은 94.7%, 4.6%, 0.8%로 조성면에서 큰 차이는 없었으며, 재배지를 교환시도 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 참기름의 지방산 조성은 모두 7개의 지방산을 확인하였으며, 불포화 지방산인 oleic acid 및 linoleic acid가 한국품종 한국산이 84.6%, 중국품종 중국산이 84.8%로 대부분을 차지하였고, 그 조성면에서는 oleic acid 및 linoleic acid가 한국품종 한국산은 47.1%, 37.5%인데 비해 중국품종 중국산은 40.5%, 44.3%로 다소 차이를 보였다. 참깨의 아미노산 함량은 생시료의 경우 한국품종 한국산이 713mg%로서 중국품종 중국산 238mg%보다 월등히 높았으며, 필수 아미노산 함량 또한 한국품종 한국산이 309mg%로서 중국품종 중국산 99mg%에 비해 월등히 높게 나타났다. 한편 재배지를 교환시 아미노산 함량은 한국품종 중국산은 한국 재배시보다 44% 정도 감소하였고 중국품종 한국산은 중국재배시 보다 63% 정도 증가하였으며, 시료를 볶음처리했을 경우 아미노산 함량은 한국산 및 중국산 모두 현저한 감소를 보였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2002

Cereal grains are rich in phenolic compounds that give beneficial effect in human health. Although several research works have been reported on the effects of phytochemicals of plant origin, such as fruits, vegetables, few studies have examined the antioxidative effects of whole cereal grains. The objective of this study was to determine total antioxidant capacity of 80% ethanolic extracts of cereal grains by testing the ability of the extracts to inhibit UV -induced lipid peroxidation in vitro using linoleic acid in comparison to well-known antioxidant such as ascorbic acid and tannic acid. The total phenolic content of the cereal grain (80% ethanolic extracts) investigated in this study varied from 2.1 mg/g (wheat cv. Olgeurumil) to 10.4 mg/g (barely cv. Seodunchalbori). Highly positive relationship between total phenol compounds and antioxidant activity was found. When the antioxidant activities of all investigated extracts were measured with application of same quantity of phenol compounds, oat grain extracts showed similar antioxidant activity of barely cultivars. However, barely extract appeared as the most potent antioxidant activity of inhibition of UV -induced lipid peroxidation. This indicated that factors such as phenolic compound composition and their individual antioxidant activity could playa crucial role in the total antioxidant activity of cereal grains.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2022

The nutrient composition of the muscle of the hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus×E. lanceolatus, HG) and the hybrid longtooth grouper (E. moara×E. lanceolatus, HLG) was measured as a function of body weight in this study. The crude protein and lipid levels in HG were 21.0-21.2 g/100 g and 1.9-3.4 g/100 g, respectively. HLG contained 20.6-20.7 g/100 g protein, and 3.9-5.5 g/100 g crude lipid. The total amino acid contents of HG were 18,829.7-18,980.2 mg/100 g and that of HLG was 17,793.7-19,293.7 mg/100 g. The mean saturated fatty acid content was 0.61-1.09 g/100 g for HG and 1.27-1.77 g/100 g for HLG. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were 0.59-1.02 g/100 g (Monoene), 0.67-1.11 g/100 g (Polyene) in HG, which were lower than the 1.21-1.78 (Monoene), 1.22-1.69 g/100 g (Polyene) found in HLG. The highest mineral content (K and P) of HG was 510.13-517.05 mg/100g and 231.59-247.67 mg/100 g, while that of HLG was 518.81-523.59 mg/100 g and 257.51-248.84 mg/100 g, respectively. In conclusion, there is potential for expanding the commercial utilization of HG and HLG as food resources as they are both nutrient-rich.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2015

Open raceway ponds are cost-efficient for mass cultivation of microalgae compared with photobioreactors. Although low-cost options like wastewater as nutrient source is studied to overcome the commercialization threshold for biodiesel production from microalgae, a cost analysis on the use of wastewater and other incremental increases in productivity has not been elucidated. We determined the effect of using wastewater and wavelength filters on microalgal productivity. Experimental results were then fitted into a model, and cost analysis was performed in comparison with control raceways. Three different microalgal strains, Chlorella vulgaris AG10032, Chlorella sp. JK2, and Scenedesmus sp. JK10, were tested for nutrient removal under different light wavelengths (blue, green, red, and white) using filters in batch cultivation. Blue wavelength showed an average of 27% higher nutrient removal and at least 42% higher chemical oxygen demand removal compared with white light. Naturally, the specific growth rate of microalgae cultivated under blue wavelength was on average 10.8% higher than white wavelength. Similarly, lipid productivity was highest in blue wavelength, at least 46.8% higher than white wavelength, whereas FAME composition revealed a mild increase in oleic and palmitic acid levels. Cost analysis reveals that raceways treating wastewater and using monochromatic wavelength would decrease costs from 2.71 to 0.73 $/kg biomass. We prove that increasing both biomass and lipid productivity is possible through cost-effective approaches, thereby accelerating the commercialization of low-value products from microalgae, like biodiesel.