• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.237-241
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• 2006

This experiment was carried out comparison with haploid plants productivity by microspore culture among domestic cultivars of Brassica napus L. Isolated microspore from flower buds were cultured on NLN medium supplemented with 13% sucrose, $0.05mg/{\ell}$ BA and $0.5mg/{\ell}$ NAA. Genotype was important factor in haploid embryo productivity 'Tamlayuchae' showed the highest haploid embryo production frequency (176 embryos formed from 1 flower bud). But, 'Hallayuchae' and 'Youngsanyuchae' were not generated embryo even cell division. When suspension culture on NLN liquid medium at 100 rpm, embryos were developed multilobe abnormal embryo cluster. Multilobe abnormal embryos on MS medium basal solid medium were regenerated multiple shoots. Regenerated haploid plant with well developed shoots and roots on MS basal medium were successfully transferred to pots.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate early germination characteristics and germination pattern of new cultivars of creeping bentgrass (CB, Agrostis pall/stris Huds.) under natural room temperature conditions and to analyze differences between alternative and natural conditions. Seven cultivars of CB were tested in the study. Daily and cumulative germination patterns were measured and analyzed on a daily basis. Significant differences were observed in germination pattern, days to the first germination, days to 50% germination, days to 85% germination, and germination rate among cultivars under different environments. The first germination in all entries was initiated between 4 and 5 days after seeding (DAS) under alternative conditions, while between 6 and 8 DAS under natural conditions, being 2 to 3 days later as compared with that of alternative conditions. As for the first germination percentage, it was generally 5 to 25% under alternative conditions. However, 'Penn A-1', 'Penncross', and 'Penn A-4' cultivars showed a vigorous germination, producing 50 to 70%. Under natural room temperature conditions, it was 5 to 10% for the most entries, except 'Penncross', 'L-93', and 'Penn A-4' cultivars which vigorously produced 20 to 50%. Days to the 50% germination in CB resulted in 4 to 10 DAS under alternative conditions, while 6 to 15 DAS under natural conditions, being 2 to 5 days later than under alternative conditions. Days to the 85% germination were 5.90 to 11.75 DAS under alternative conditions and 7.95 to 12.50 DAS under natural conditions. 'Penn A-1' and 'L-93' were the fastest cultivars under alternative and natural conditions, respectively. Regardless of the temperature conditions, the longest cultivar in germination was 'T-1', being over 11 DAS. In-depth comparative data on germination characteristics and germination patterns among CB cultivars would be usefully applied for a practical CB turf establishment in golf course construction etc.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2016

BACKGROUND: Soybeans are the rich sources of isoflavones. To date, the changes of isoflavone contents in various black soybeans cheonggukjang during fermentation by Bacillus subtilis CSY191 has not been investigated.METHODS AND RESULTS: This study investigated the changes of total phenolic and isoflavone contents and antioxidant effects during cheonggukjang fermentation made with four black soybean (BS) cultivars including Cheongja, Cheongja#3, Geomjeong#5, and Ilpumgeomjeong with a potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis CSY191. The total phenolic contents, isoflavone-malonylglycoside and -aglycone contents, and antioxidant activity were increased in cheonggukjang at 48 h fermentation, while the content of isoflavone-glycosides was decreased during cheonggukjang fermentation. In particular, the Cheongja#3 soybean fermented at 37℃ for 48 h displayed the highest antioxidant activities, compared to those of the other BS cultivars tested. Also, the highest levels of total phenolic, daidzein, glycitein, and genistein were present at concentrations of 17.28 mg/g, 283.7 g/g, 39.9 g/g, and 13.2 g/g at the end of Cheongja#3 soybean fermentation.CONCLUSION: The results from this study suggested that the enhanced antioxidant activity of cheonggukjang of BS might be related to increased levels of total phenolic, isoflavon-aglycone, and malonyl-glycoside contents achieved during fermentation. Furthermore, fermented Cheongja#3 soybean showed the highest levels of enhanced antioxidant activities than the other BS cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.391-400
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• 2018

Background: Atractylodes radix is a well-known medicinal crop having many physiological effects. This study was conducted to select useful Atractylodes japonica ${\times}$ Atractylodes macrocephala (AJM) cultivars by comparing anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory efficacies. Methods and Results: Seven extracts from AJM cultivars were used to treat lipopolysacchride (LPS)-treated BV2 cells, and the effects on cell viability and inhibition on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production were analyzed. In vitro scavenging activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and peroxynitrite ($NOO^-$) radicals were also investigated. Contents of total phenol, atractylenolide I, and atractylenolide III in the AJM extracts were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or spectrophotometry. The experiments show that none of the seven extracts was cytotoxic above 89.2% at $20-250{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Extracts of Gowon, Dawon, Sangchul, and Huchul inhibited ROS generation in a dose-dependent manner, and Sangchul extract showed the highest inhibition on ROS production. All the AJM extracts showed effective inhibitory activity after on NO release in the LPS-treated BV2 cells, and Sangchul extract showed the highest activity. Sangchul extract had the most potent scavenging activities for $NOO^-$ and had some DPPH radical scavenging effect. Sangchul extract also had the highest content at total phenol and atractylenolide I content. Atractylenolide III was not detected in the AJM extracts. Conclusions: The results suggested that Sangchul was the most useful anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory resource among the AJM cultivars.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2015

This study was conducted from 2013 to 2014 to explore the feasibility of the cultivation of warm-season grass as an annual Korean forage crop, while concurrently evaluating the characteristics and forage production of warm-season grass in Korea. The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Five bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] cultivars, two teffgrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) cultivars, and a Kleingrass [Panicum coloratum L.] cultivar were compared for forage production and quality in the middle region of Korea. After seeding, the numbers of days until seedling emergence for bermudagrass and kleingrass were observed at approximately day 11 and day 12, respectively. The heading dates of teffgrass and kleingrass were on July 12 and July 26, respectively. The dry matter (DM) yield of bermudagrass Tifton 85 was usually greater than the other entries. The crude protein content (CPC) and total digestibility nutrient (TDN) for the teffgrass cultivars were usually greater than the other entries at all study sites. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) and in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) were similar across all cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2000

Relationship among the properties of rice, such as amylose contents of endosperm starch, sugar content and amylogram characteristics, and processing properties for rice bread was studied. The amylose content of the rice cultivars decreased in order of Nampungbyeo, Whachungbyeo>Punchilmi(fl)>Nampung CB243> Whachung du-I, Nampung EM90>Whachung-chalbyeo>shr. Protein contents of rice tested in this study were almost same level, however, shr, the high sugar rice, showed the highest protein content scored as 8.2%. The study showed that the amylose contents of rice cultivars were negatively correlated with their protein contents. The starting temperatures for gelatinization of the flour of Punchilmi(fl) and Shurunken(shr) were low, however, in case of Whachungbyeo and Nampungbyeo plus their mutants derived from the both, the stickiness and the hardness of the flours were shown to be positively correlated with the amylose contents. In addition, loaf volume tested using sensory evaluation and overall quality showed the same tendency. Among the rice cultivars tested in this study, breads made from white rice had good qualities in bread making process than those made from brown rice. The bread made from Nampungbyeo was demonstrated to have highest score e in overall quality, as well as the lowest retrogradation index during storage at $4^{\circ}C$

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2024

Fruit thinning rate and characteristics were investigated for three years on seven promising pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) cultivars, which were treated by lime-sulfur as an eco-chemical thinning substance. Lime-sulfur was treated twice at the second and third days after full bloom by cultivar. Most of pear cultivars were significantly thinned by lime-sulfur compounds. Especially 'Whangkeumbae', 'Supergold' and 'Hanareum' exhibited high flower thinning rates, 41.5%, 40.1% and 39.9%, respectively. As weather conditions at the lime-sulfur treatment, insolation and cloud amount were correlated with flower thinning rate but not significant (r = 0.49 and r = -0.45, respectively). These results suggest that lime-sulfur is suitable for reducing labor force for flower thinning of Korean pears but flower thinning effects of lime-sulfur can vary depending on other factors such as environmental conditions. This information will provide useful data for low labor force cultivation of Korean pear cultivars.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.6 s.86
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• pp.831-835
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• 2007

This study was carried out to obtain information about the valuable combination and concentration to produce good plants of cut gerbera flowers of 19 domestically - bred gerbera cultivars. BA and kinetin combination is more effective than NAA and BA combination to produce good plants and mass propagation of domestically - bredgerbera cultivars. Normally almost of 19 cultivars, mass propagation was more effective on the medium containing 1.0 mg/L BA + 0.5, 1.0 mg/L kinetin. But some cultivars, 'Sunnyeo', 'Oksaem','Piny', and 'Pink Light', vitrified plants were induced on MS medium high level of BA concentration(BA 1.0 mg/L), in comparison with those on the medium with low level of BA(0.1 mg/L).Fresh and dry weight, more effective on the medium containing BA 0.5 mg/L . Kinetin 0.1, 0.5 mg/L. Anatomical investigation of vitrified leaf, stomata of vitrified leaves were circular and inflated, where-as those of normal leaves.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 2008

This study was carried out to evaluate the basic information on ginsenoside contents and pattern similarity in five cultivars of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Among five cultivars the unit content and total content of ginsenosides were the highest in Gopoong cultivar as 18.9 mg/g and 596 mg/root, respectively. The unit content and total content of ginsenosides decreased in the order of Yunpoong, Gumpoong, Seonpoong and Chunpoong cultivar. Ginsenoside pattern similarity between tap root and lateral root was high as 0.95 but that between tap root and fine root was low as 0.72. Correlation of ginsenoside contents between tap root and lateral root exhibited the highest value as 0.843 and decreased in the order of main root, fine root, and rhizome. And the correlation value between unit content and total content of ginsenoside was very high as 0.933.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.398-405
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• 1995

In termperate zone planting rice at different date subjects the crop to different climatic condition. This study aimed at comparison of the change in source-sink relationship of the Japonica(J) and that of Indica Japonica(I$\times$J) type rice cultivars caused by shift of heading date. Two J-and two I$\times$J-type cultivars were made to head on Aug. 16, Aug. 26 and Sep. 5. Percent grain fertility was not changed in response to shift of heading date. Ripening patterns of 4 rice cultivars were similar to sigmoid curve type but when the heading date was delayed to Sep. 5, the form is changed to log type of curve. In J-type, physiological maturity was delayed about 5 day when headed at Sep. 5, in compare to headed at Aug. 16 and Aug. 26. However ripening was continued about 10 days when the diurnal, nocturnal and minimum temperature was above 17, 12$^{\circ}C$ and about 3~8$^{\circ}C$. In I$\times$J hybrid, real ripening was continued when the diurnal, nocturnal and minimum temperature was over 20, 17$^{\circ}C$, but if the minimum temperature was downed bellow 1$0^{\circ}C$, it was impossible. Simulated photosynthetic amount based on photosynthetic ability, temperature, leaf area and day length was varied according to changes in heading date and it was decreased seriously if the minimum temperature was fall down bellow 4$^{\circ}C$ in field, that's why decrease in photosynthetic ability and aging. The temperature range of optimum ripening was 21~26$^{\circ}C$, if there is nothing hindering factor.