• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.123-135
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• 1997

An air pollutant emission inventory system for the input preparations of photochemical dispersion model was developed. Using the system, anthropogenic emissions as well as biogenic emissions in the Seoul metropolitan area were calculated. Anthropogenic emission by fuel combustion using regional cosumption data, and the laundries and so forth was estimated. The biogenic emission was estimated based upon meteorological data and the distribution of land use type in the study area. The anthropogenic emission of pollutants was highest in Seoul, and the second highest in Inchon. TSP and $SO_2$ were found large quantities during the winter due to increased consumption of heating oil. NOx and THC were emitted without seasonal variation. Among biogenic emissions, PAR was very common while NO was the least common. PAR, OLE, and ALD2 were emitted in large volumes in coniferous forest areas, while ISOP was emitted in deciduous forest areas. Generally, most biogenic emissions increased during daytime, and peaked between oen and two o'clock. Because of strong solar radiation, emission during the summer was high. Biogenic NO emissions were found to be lower compared to anthropogenic emissons, and other VOC was indicated relatively high. In the study area, among biogenic emissions PAR was found to be 3 times, OLE 8 times,and ALD2 12 times more common than among anthropogenic emissions.

• 한국재난관리표준학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2008

최근 국내 교량이 장대화 됨에 따라 많은 교량관리시스템(BMS)이 자체적으로 개발되어 운용 중에 있다. 그러나 각 시스템 개발자별로 구축한 상이한 데이터체계는 국가차원의 통합 체계를 구축하는데 큰 문제점으로 지적되고 있다. 본 연구는 교량 유지관리 시스템 개발 시 참조할 만한 공통의 자료모델을 개발하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 법령에 따라 수행되는 교량 유지관리 업무와 기존에 개발된 시스템을 분석하였다. 분석된 내용을 바탕으로 교량 유지관리 활동을 4가지의 기본 업무형태로 구분하였으며, 구분된 기본 업무형태에 따라 필요한 공통의 자료모델을 도출하였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.357-368
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• 2015

This study analyzed structural changes and asymmetry of price volatility during the period before and after a point of structural change in price volatility, using the Korean fresh common squid daily retail price data from January 1, 2004 to September 30, 2015. This study utilized the following analytical methods: the unit-root test was applied to ensure the stability of the data, the Quandt-Andrews breakpoint test was applied to find the point of structural change, and the Glosten-Jagannathan-Runkle GARCH and EGARCH models were applied to investigate the asymmetry of price volatility. The empirical results of this study are as follows. First, ADF, PP, KPSS and Zivot-Andrews tests showed that the daily retail price change rate of the Korean fresh common squid differentiated by logarithm was stable. Secondly, the ARIMA (2,1,2) model was selected by information criteria such as AIC, SC, and HQ. Thirdly, the Quandt-Andrews breakpoint test found that a single structural change in price volatility occurred on June 11, 2009. Fourthly, the Glosten-Jagannathan-Runkle GARCH and EGARCH models showed that estimates of coefficients within the models were statistically significant before and after structural change and also that asymmetry as a leverage effect existed before and after structural change.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1239-1252
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• 2014

The OST (Original Sound Track) in the film plays a vital role in increasing consensus and concentration to the storyline. The selected 4 animations are classified into 17 Narrative Processes (NP) by using NP Classification Model [1]. For the NPs each having OSTs, the authors have investigated 6 kinds of objective musical elements of the OST such as sound (speech, music, effect), tonality, tempo, range, intensity, and instrumentation. It is found that there are 33.3% common musical elements among all of them for the NPs with OSTs commonly. Among them, it is also found that there are 71.9% of common properties of the musical element. This research is meaningful by firstly showing that there are common properties of objective musical elements in each NP and the corresponding OST.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2023

Canine lymphoma (cL) is the most common hematopoietic cancer in dogs. Various determinants have been evaluated to find the predisposing factors in both human and canine lymphoma. Due to common risk factors and similar pathways, cL is considered a potential model for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in humans. In this case-series study, major hospitals in Tehran consented to take part in this study and between the years of 2020-2022, provided us with 52 cL cases which were approved by the attended pathologist. We designed a questionnaire and collected information about the dogs and their owners. Most of the owners were women, young (younger than 50 years old), had at least diplomas and interestingly were housewives or househusbands. Male dogs with middle to old age (more than 6 years) were mostly referred. The most common characteristics were neutered, normal BCS, purebred, urban but not industrial residence, previous tobacco smoke exposure but no history of previous fungicide or pesticide exposure. Also, most of them did not have any previous autoimmune or immunosuppressive diseases. Presented characteristics should be considered risk determinants but to approve their validity, they should be further evaluated in epidemiological studies.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2018

This study reviews the common-mode noise model of indirect-contact ECG measurement which uses capacitive electrode and capacitive ground, and shows the reason of the large common-mode noise in indirect-contact ECG. And then, this study shows driven-right-leg ground in indirect-contact ECG measurement, and reviews how the driven-right-leg ground reduces the common-mode noise. This study then analyzes the relation between the effective area of the indirect-contact ground and the gain of the driven-right-leg circuit. This study introduces the output voltage saturation of the driven-right-leg circuit, which occurs frequently in indirect-contact ECG measurement with the condition of the high ground impedance. This study then shows the effect of the driven-right-leg circuit saturation on the common-mode noise.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

Common residential environment is synthetic forms promote with organic organization of varied cultures and images. Users perceive and classify about these environments of feeling and atmosphere of each elements through their experiences and memories, not fixed point of view. In Korea, park designing of common residential room is in operation monotonously attach importance to economical efficiency without aesthetic structures, varied tries of materials, multiplicity, congruity of surrounding, and user-oriented plan. Recently, in policy of park designing has elements that obstruct to characteristic of environment because of applied to wrong guidelines which are end in investigation to model of an advanced countries'. In conclusion, this investigation shows improve on quality of park planning with the pivot of the matter is for users of common residential room. and park planning needs to multidimensional achieve.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1992

This study is to define a congitive paradigm including a new model of common cause human behavior error domain and to analyze their causal factors and their properties of common cause human error characteristics in software engineering. A laboratory study was performed to analyze the common causes of human behavior domain error in software development and to identify software design factors contributing to the common cause effects in common cause failure redundancy. The results and analytical paradigm developed in this research can be applied to reliabbility improvement and cost reduction in software development for many applications. Results are also expected to provide training guidelines for software engineers and for more effective design of ultra-high reliable software packages.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2014

중심합성계획(CCD)은 2차 선형 모형을 추정하기 위해서 자주 활용된다. 본 연구는 CCD를 활용하는 시뮬레이션 실험에서 공통난수(CRN) 상관유도전략을 사용하여 모형의 파라미터를 효율적으로 추정하고자 한다. CCD의 축점을 적절히 선택하면 모든 표본점에 공통난수를 할당하는 전략으로 얻은 파라미터의 가중최소자승(WLS) 추정량은 정규최소자승(OLS) 추정량과 일치한다. 본 연구는 선형모형의 파라미터를 추정하는 공통난수 상관유도전략이 파라미터 추정 효율성 측면에서 독립 난수 할당전략보다 우수함을 계량적으로 분석하였다. 2차 선형모형에서 상수항을 제외한 나머지 파라미터를 추정하는데 있어서 공통난수 상관유도전략이 우수하며 시뮬레이션 결과도 이러한 분석을 지지하고 있다. 제안된 난수 할당전략이 CCD 시뮬레이션 실험에서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.471-481
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• 2013

J. P. Morgan의 RiskMetrics을 기반으로 하는 현행 VaR 모형은 구조적으로 미래 경기상황을 반영할 수 없는 단점으로 인해 불안정한 경기상황에서는 손실이 VaR을 초과하는 결정적인 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 어느 기업의 미래의 주가는 해당 기업만의 고유요인은 물론 모든 기업의 주가에 공통적으로 영향을 미치는 경기변동 공통요인에 의해 결정된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주가의 변동요인을 기업의 고유요인과 경기변동 공통요인으로 구분하여, 미래 경기변동 공통요인에 대해서는 현재시점에서 예측한 값을 사용하는 원-팩터(One-factor) VaR 모형을 제안한다. 이와 같은 원-팩터 VaR 모형은 미래의 예측된 경기상황을 반영을 반영하여 손실이 VaR을 초과하는 현행 VaR 모형의 문제점을 해결할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 자산의 목표보유기간을 증가시켜 경기변동에 따른 손실을 최소화하기 위한 포트폴리오에 대한 자산구성과 자금이전을 선제적으로 실시할 수가 있다.