• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.227-231
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• 1996

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is one of the most common diseases of ulcerative oral mucosal lesions and its cause remains elusive. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical steroids for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. We performed the study with 50 cases who had visited to our office for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis during the recent five years. We devided 50 cases into five groups. Group 1 is that triamcinolone of 0.1-0.2mg was injected into the submucosal lesions of ulcerations. Group 2 is that the gargling of 5ml with triamcinolone tablet of 2mg was used three times per day for seven days. Group 3 is that the gargling of 5ml with betamethasone tablet 0.5mg was used three times per day for seven days. Group 4 is that tetracycline gargling was used six times per day for seven days. Group 5 is that normal saline gargling was used six times per day for seven days. The retrospective analysis of results were as follows : Betamethasone gargling was effective in the treatment of minor aphthous stomatitis and the submucosal injection of triamcinolone was effective in the treatment of major aphthous stomatitis, but none of the different therapeutic methods was effective for herpetiform stomatitis. In the evaluation of mean recurrence periods, the triamcinolone gargling and betamethasone gargling showed longer asymptomatic periods than other methods. We concluded that some kinds of topical steroids can be used for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis but the proper selection of agents according to the type of the disease is important for the treatment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 2010

Breast cancer has been estimated as one of the most common causes of cancer death among women. The major cause of death from breast cancer is the metastatic spread of the disease from the primary tumor to distant sites in the body. Lycopene is one of the major carotenoids in fruits and vegetables including tomatoes. Epidemiological studies have shown that the dietary intake of lycopene is associated with decreased risk of cancer. Although mounting evidence shows the chemopreventive effect of lycopene, the role of lycopene in the prevention of metastatic potential of breast cancer has not been determined yet. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of lycopene on invasive and migratory phenotypes of two highly aggressive breast cancer cell lines, H-Ras-transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells (H-Ras MCF10A) and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Here, we report that lycopene significantly inhibits invasion and migration as well as proliferation of H-Ras MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 cells. This study suggested an in vitro anti-cancer and anti-metastatic potential of lycopene. We also showed that activations of ERKs and Akt were inhibited by lycopene in H-Ras MCF10A cells, suggesting that the ERKs and Akt signaling pathways may be involved in lycopene-induced anti-proliferative and/or anti-invasive/migratory effects in these cells. Taken in conjunction with the fact that breast cancer metastasis is one of the most lethal malignancies in women, our findings may provide useful information for the application of lycopene in establishing strategy to prevent the metastatic breast cancer.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 1980

We present one case of 26-year-old male having saddle block combined with mitral valvular disease [NYHA Class IV] with auricular fibrillation. The most common cause of emboli is atrial fibrillation. The clinical manifestations of saddle emboli are relatively slow due to development of collateral circulation and large size of lumen of the aorta. The 5month duration of saddle emboli in this case led to severe atrophic changes, coldness, peripheral cyanosis on the both lower extremities, and flexion deformity on the knee and ankle joint of the left lower extremity. We planned staged operation for the saddle block and for mitral stenoinsufficiency and tricuspid insufficiency, because of poor general condition of the patient. The thromboembolectomy of aortic bifurcation was performed through the transabdominal approach without trial of Fogarthy catheter embolectomy, because of expectation of the secondary inflammatory changes of the vessel wall and thrombi which was 3 cm X 1 cm X 0.5 cm in size with irregular surfaced solid in consistency. 1 month later, after thromboembolectomy, mitral valve replacement and tricuspid annuloplasty were performed, with successful early operative result. During operation organized thrombi [1 cm X 0.5 cm] in the left auricle was removed. We wonder if simple management using Fogarthy catheter might be possible to remove the thromboemboli instead of thromboembolectomy by aortotomy in this case.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.1144-1172
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• 2022

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate HJL777 is a virulent bacterial strain in pigs. The high rate of salmonella infection are at high risk of non-typhoidal salmonella gastroenteritis development. Salmonellosis is most common in young pigs. We investigated changes in gut microbiota and biological function in piglets infected with salmonella via analysis of rectal fecal metagenome and intestinal transcriptome using 16S rRNA and RNA sequencing. We identified a decrease in Bacteroides and increase in harmful bacteria such as Spirochaetes and Proteobacteria by microbial community analysis. We predicted that reduction of Bacteroides by salmonella infection causes proliferation of salmonella and harmful bacteria that can cause an intestinal inflammatory response. Functional profiling of microbial communities in piglets with salmonella infection showed increasing lipid metabolism associated with proliferation of harmful bacteria and inflammatory responses. Transcriptome analysis identified 31 differentially expressed genes. Using gene ontology and Innate Immune Database analysis, we identified that BGN, DCN, ZFPM2 and BPI genes were involved in extracellular and immune mechanisms, specifically salmonella adhesion to host cells and inflammatory responses during infection. We confirmed alterations in gut microbiota and biological function during salmonella infection in piglets. Our findings will help prevent disease and improve productivity in the swine industry.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 1976

Operations for cardiac valvular disease has been progressed in various ways. Since 1949 when Lord Russel operated mitral stenosis by closed technique at Johns Hopkins Hospital then much progress has been achieved and that nowadays severely diseased cardiac valve has been replaced by prosthetic valve, which is almost ideal in hemodynamic aspect, but still it has many problems such as thromboembolism, destruction of red blood cell, pressure gradient, and disturbance of left ventricular function, so in case of delicate situations, valve replacement should be decided carefully. Besides prosthetic valve, there are some kinds of reconstructive procedures and these have been resulted in better prognosis than prosthetic valve replacement in selected cases. So, authors have reviewed 61 Cases of cardiac patients who have been operated reconstructive valvular surgery by cardiopulmonary bypass, at Yonsei University, from Jan. 1963 to Mar. 1976. Out of 61 cases, 9 patients were replaced by prosthetic valve and rest of the patients were operated upon in various reconstructive procedures such as commissurotomy, valvotomy, valvuloplasty, and annuloplasty. Twenty cases of congenital heart diseases with valvular lesion, which had been operated for valvular lesion were also included in this statistics. Out of 9 cases of prosthetic valvular replacement five cases of prosthetic valvular replacement was done combined with other reconstructive procedures after attempted valvuloplasty. Comparative prognosis of both procedures are somewhat variable by reporters, average 19% of mortality after reconstructive surgery and 38% of mortality after prosthetic valve replacement in long term results. Most common cause of death in postoperative period was low output syndrome in both cases. It seems that good preoperative evaluation and proper reconstructive surgery will afford good prognosis in selected cardiac valvular diseased patient.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.359-368
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• 1998

Cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of life-threatening viral infection in HIV-infected patients. This study was done prospectively to investigate the incidence of CMV infection according to the decrease of CD4+ T cell count (CD4+) in Korean AIDS patients. Thirty-nine HIV-infected patients diagnosed before 1994 were followed for regular immunological monitoring. We have used urine shell vial method for the CMV detection from 1994 and have also checked clinical findings. Positive urine culture rate definitely depended on the CD4+ as follows; 45%, 22%, 17%, 11% and 0%, CD4+ <50, 50-100, 100-200, 200-500 and >500, respectively. Except culture positive 2 patients with CD4+ of $200{\sim}300/{\mu}l$, all eight culture positive patients with CD4+ less than $200/{\mu}l$ showed CMV related diseases on or before urine culture. But, we could not get a positive culture for a late AIDS patient with vision loss. With ganciclovir therapy, all culture results were at least negative just after or on late of first 14 days-ganciclovir infusion-course. These data suggest that the incidence of CMV disease in Korean AIDS patients is very high, and early diagnosis and treatment for CMV diseases is required for the prevention of life threatening results.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.261-264
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• 2007

A gastric adenocarcinoma is the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide, but there are some geographical differences in its incidence. A gastrointestinal tumor is an uncommon disease with a wide spectrum of aggressive behavior. These two tumors have a distinct pathogenesis, and synchronous occurrence of an adenocarcinoma and a GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor) in the stomach is very rare. We report a case of synchronous occurrence of a gastric adenocarcinoma and GIST in a 64-year-old man. We performed the following tests: barium swallowing test, gastroduodenoscopy, and CT scanning. We performed a total gastrectomy, and a 9 em-sized GIST at the fundus and a small early gastric cancer at the antrum were confirmed pathologically. Some explanations for this rare case exist, but in our opinion, the synchronous occurrence is a rare but probable event that can happen in an endemic area. We describe a case of synchronous occurrence of a gastric adenocarcinoma and GIST in the stomach, with a review of the literature.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2013

The immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) is defined as a platelet count of less than $100,000/{\mu}L$. It is gene rally known as characterized by the bleeding manifestations of skin and/or mucosa like ecchymosis due to low platelet count, but reports of the related intraosseous lesions are not common. The idiopathic bone cavity(IBC) is an empty space of the bone, which occurs mainly in the long bones. It is found predominantly in the mandible in case of the maxillofacial area. In general, it appears as an isolated unilocular lesion without the correlation of the teeth. Although the cause of the IBC is supposed to be associated with hemostatic problems, the etiology is unclear and it was not disclosed the relevance of specific systemic disease. In this present case, IBCs that occurred in mandible of patient who has IPT was treated by curettage with platelet transfusion.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.168-172
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• 2008

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a rare, mature T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with a post-thymic mature T-cell phenotype. The disease is characterized by rapidly rising lymphocytosis, lym-phadenopathy, and splenomegaly. The clinical course is usually aggressive and progresses with frequent skin lesions and serous effusions. In 25% of cases, leukemic cells are small and tumor cells may not have a discrete nucleolus under light microscopy. Although the presence of characteristic cytoplasmic protrusions or blebs in tumor cells is a common morphologic finding in the peripheral blood film irrespective of the nuclear features, small cell variants lacking the typical nuclear features can cause diagnostic problems in clinical cytology. Furthermore, the small leukemic cells can share some cytologic findings with lymphocyte-rich serous effusions caused by non-neoplastic reactive lymphocytosis as well as other small lymphocytic lymphoproliferative disorders. Here, we describe the cytological findings of ascitic fluid complicated by small cell variant T-PLL in a 54-year-old man, the cytology of which was initially interpreted as small lymphocytic malignancy such as small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 2021

Osteopetrosis refers to a group of genetic skeletal disorders characterized by osteosclerosis and fragile bones. Osteopetrosis can be classified into autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked forms, which might differ in clinical characteristics and disease severity. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis, also known as malignant osteopetrosis, has an earlier onset, more serious clinical symptoms, and is usually fatal. We encountered a 1-day-old girl who was born full-term via vaginal delivery, which was complicated by meconium-stained amniotic fluid, cephalo-pelvic disproportion, and nuchal cord. Routine neonatal care was provided, in addition to blood tests and chest radiography to screen for sepsis, as well as skull radiography to rule out head injuries. Initial blood tests revealed hypocalcemia, which persisted on follow-up tests the next day. Radiographic examinations revealed diffusely increased bone density and a "space alien" appearance of the skull. Based on radiographic and laboratory findings, the infantile form of osteopetrosis was suspected and genetic testing for identification of the responsible gene. Eventually, a heterozygous mutation of the T cell immune regulator 1, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a3 (TCIRG1) gene (c.292C>T) was identified, making this the first reported case of neonatal-onset malignant osteopetrosis with TCIRG1 mutation in South Korea. Early-onset hypocalcemia is common and usually results from prematurity, fetal growth restriction, maternal diabetes, perinatal asphyxia, and physiologic hypoparathyroidism. However, if hypocalcemia persists, we recommend considering 'infantile of osteopetrosis' as a rare cause of neonatal hypocalcemia and performing radiographic examinations to establish the diagnosis.