• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.549-554
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• 2018

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts from common and tartary buckwheat milling fractions (hull, bran, and flour). The results indicated that total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were higher in tartary buckwheats than in common buckwheats, which was related to high rutin levels. In particular, the highest rutin content was detected in the bran fraction. ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities of tartary buckwheats were higher than those of common buckwheats, especially in bran. Cellular antioxidant activity of tartary buckwheat milling fractions was more pronounced than that of common buckwheat in both Caco-2 and Raw 264.7 cells, demonstrating the higher cellular antioxidant effect of tartary buckwheat bran. The cytotoxic effect of both common and tartary buckwheat milling fractions on cell proliferation was not significant. These results suggest that tartary buckwheat bran may have much potential for usefulness in protective and therapeutic antioxidant applications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8007-8018
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• 2014

Cervical cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide and development of new therapeutic strategies and anticancer agents is an urgent priority. Plants have remained an important source in the search for novel cytotoxic compounds and several polyphenolic flavonoids possess antitumor properties. In this review article, data about potential anticarcinogenic activity of common natural flavonoids on various human cervical cancer cell lines are compiled and analyzed showing perspectives for the use of these secondary metabolites in the treatment of cervical carcinoma as well as in the development of novel chemotherapeutic drugs. Such anticancer effects of flavonoids seem to differentially depend on the cellular type and origin of cervical carcinoma creating possibilities for specific targeting in the future. Besides the cytotoxic activity per se, several flavonoids can also contribute to the increase in efficacy of conventional therapies rendering tumor cells more sensitive to standard chemotherapeutics and irradiation. Although the current knowledge is still rather scarce and further studies are certainly needed, it is clear that natural flavonoids may have a great potential to benefit cervical cancer patients.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were (a) to compare the level of sense of community and community activity of the mixed-use residential buildings' residents with the expected residents for the mixed-use residential building, (b) and to investigate the degree of their needs of social interaction. For the survey the questionnaire from 176 residents of mixes-use residential building in Seoul, and 67 expected residents in Bundang Newtown are used. The analytical methods adopted in this study were frequency, percentage, chi-square test and t-test. It was found that the level of sense of community and the community activities of the mixed-use residential building' residents were higher than those of the expected residents. Their residents reported higher degree of participation on community activities than the expected residents. It was also found that the common space in their residential area promoted the residents' sense of community and community activity.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.131-139
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• 2007

The aim of this paper is to find out different preference of common spaces and shared activities in senior cohousing community between regions in Korea: Seoul and other cities. Social survey was conducted nationwide and the respondents were 50s only, since they are the generation who will face to elderly housing subject within 10 years in turbulent Korean society. Collected data, about 1000, were analyzed by SPSS program using frequency, percentage, and Chi-square test. In summary, respondents mostly would like to move to senior cohousing on circumstance when they remain alone without big difference between regions. Loneliness and housekeeping were considered as the most difficult issues for the elderly to manage by themselves. Among common spaces, exercise room was the most preferred space to meeting room and kitchen. Exercise room was more preferred in Seoul than in other cities, on the contrary meeting room was evidently less preferred in other cities than in Seoul. Regarding shared activities, resident meeting, gardening, and common meal were revealed as less preferred activities than hobby exercise and tea meeting. As a conclusion, I would like to propose that a big common living room is better to be designed for meeting room cum dining and gathering room with flexibility in order to give residents chances to know each other more often. And since common space and shared activity show different preferences by regions, those are to be designed and planned reflecting region's different circumstance.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2008

Purpose: Different patterns in the causes of maxillofacial injury are thought to correlate with socioeconomic status and regional environment. This study investigated maxillofacial fractures in order to analyze maxillofacial trauma characteristics and the relationship between the causes and injury patterns in Korea. Material and methods: A total of 518 patients with maxillofacial fractures who were treated at the Seoul National University Boramae Hospital between 1996 and 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Data were obtained from the patients' medical records and radiographs. The male to female ratio in the patient group was 2.78:1, and the mean age was 32.3 years. Results: Midfacial fractures were the most common location of injury (46.1%). The most common etiologic factor was an activity associated with daily life (42.6%) including falls, stumbling, and collisions. The second most common cause was assault (32.4%), followed by traffic accidents (13.7%). In the case of midfacial fractures and mandibular fractures, assault was the most common etiologic factor, whereas in the case of alveolar bone fractures, activities associated with daily life were the most common cause. With regard to age groups, assault was the most common cause for patients between 10 and 39 years old and an activity associated with daily life was the most common cause in those under 10 years and over 40 years. Conclusions: This study concluded that activities associated with daily life and assault causes a large proportion of Korean maxillofacial injuries and that preventive measures should be implemented in order to minimize these risks.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.190-193
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• 1984

Extracts of common purslane(Portulaca oleracea L.) showed to possess some antifungal substances which inhibited the mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungi tested;Valsa mali, Alternaria kikuchiana and Pyricularia oryzae. These antifungal substances were found to be soluble in methanol and were regarded as kinds of lipid. In order to isolate the antifungal substances, the extracts of common purslane were concentrated by evaporation under reduced pressure and extracted with methanol The methanol solution was subjected to silica gel-florisil column and divided into lipid and non-lipid fractions. Lipid fractions only showed antifungal activity against the fungi tested. The effective substances contained in the extracts of common purslane inhibited not only the mycelial growth but also the spore germination of the fungi.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1421-1429
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• 2017

Human activity recognition has been studied using various sensors and algorithms. Human activity recognition can be divided into sensor based and vision based on the method. In this paper, we proposed an activity recognition system using acceleration sensor and gyroscope sensor in smartphone among sensor based methods. We used Deep Belief Network (DBN), which is one of the most popular deep learning methods, to improve an accuracy of human activity recognition. DBN uses the entire input set as a common input. However, because of the characteristics of different time window depending on the type of human activity, the RBMs, which is a component of DBN, are configured hierarchically by combining them from different time windows. As a result of applying to real data, The proposed human activity recognition system showed stable precision.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.354-358
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• 1999

In order to know the antifungal characteristics of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 12 carbons, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were estimated against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fatty acids from C6 to C11 exhibited increasing activity with chain length, but C12 fatty acid did not show activity at all. In relation to antifungal modes of actions, fatty acids investigated showed on inhibitory activity toward the plasma membrane H+-ATPase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Their inhibitions to the glucose-induced acidification and ATP hydrolysis caused by the proton pump were found to be in common wiht antifungal activities. At the test concentration of 1mM, hexanoic acid (C6) showed the lowest inhibition of about 30%, while undecanoic acid(C11) showed the strongest inhibition of over 90%. In addition, as seen with antifungal activity, the inhibitory activity of dodecanoic acid (C12) was suddenly reduced to less than 50%.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.42-49
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• 2007

'confucian doctor' are typically people who study the principles of medicine based on Confusional concepts. In Korea, studying both medicine and Confucianism became a common practice since Confucianism became popular and the class of intellectuals were formed around Confucianism. This study is a research on the activity of confucian doctors in Korea. Many confucian doctors that were discovered in documents are organized according to their activity and books they wrote.

• BMB Reports
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 1999

Ethanol catabolism is thought to produce metabolic disorders resulting in alcoholic liver disease. To investigate the mutual effects of ethanol catabolism and cholestasis induced by common bile duct ligation on the activities of carboxylesterase, we have determined the enzyme activities in rat hepatic (cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal) preparations as well as in rat serum using ten animal models: normal rats (group 1), sham-operated rats (group 2), common bile duct-ligated rats (group 3), ethanol-intoxicated rats (group 4), sham-operation plus chronic ethanol-intoxicated rats (group 5), common bile duct-ligated plus chronic ethanol-intoxicated rats at 1.5h and 24h (groups 7A and 7B), and duct-ligated and acute ethanol intoxicated rats at 1.5 h and 24 h (groups 8A and 8B). The $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ values of carboxylesterase from these hepatic preparations of cholestatic rat liver combined with chronic ethanol intoxication were also measured by using ethyl valerate as the substrate from the 14th day post-ligation. Carboxylesterase activities of all hepatic preparations and rat serum (group 3) showed significant decreases compared to the activities from the sham-operated control (group 2). Enzyme kinetic parameters indicated that $V_{max}$ of carboxylesterase from all the hepatic preparations in cholestatic rats (group 3) decreased significantly, although the $K_m$ values were about the same as in the sham-operated control (group 2). When cholestasis was combined with chronic ethanol intoxication (group 6), carboxylesterase activities showed further decrease in all the hepatic preparations and serum compared to the control activity (group 5). The $V_{max}$ also decreased significantly, although $K_m$ values did not change. When common bile duct ligation was combined with acute ethanol intoxication (group 8), the enzyme activities in the rat liver and serum showed significant decrease compared to the activity from acute ethanol-intoxicated rats (group 7). However, quite contrary to this, the activities of serum from acute ethanol intoxication 1.5 h (group 7A) increased significantly compared to the activities in the normal control (group 1). These results, therefore, suggest that the biosynthesis of hepatic carboxyl-esterase seems to decrease when cholestasis is combined with chronic and acute ethanol intoxication, and the decrease in activity is more significant than from cholestasis alone.