• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.193-224
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• 2006

When we look into the market economy of our country recently, we learn that the mind of consumption after IMF crisis is very shrunk and the market is led into a serious slump of consumption. For an approach to survive the contraction of the market and the market competition, enterprises command a variety of sales promotion strategy, out of which presentation is a sales promotion strategy to give the same product. The price-discounted strategy through the provision of donation commodity may induce the temporarily-discounted commodity not to be sold to the consumers or make a damage of the images of the brand, or arouse the price war against other companies, or lower the sense of the quality of the commodity. Therefore, it is necessary for a company to meet the end users' demand and also maintain the evaluation of the quality on the consumers' products highly. Therefore, in this study, we have attempted to study and analyze the consumers' satisfaction level and reliability on the donation goods in order to suggest the orientation of the presentation promotion strategy in accordance with the changes of the sales market. In addition, we tried to understand how the recognition, consumers' satisfaction level and reliability on the presentation goods had on the repurchase. With such objectives in this study, we could make an analogy of the following significance and suggestion of study. Firstly, in order to survive a serious competition market, enterprises must execute the product presentation along with diverse events instead of commanding the sales promotion strategy through a simple product presentation. This strategy can be an alternative to lower the danger a person-to-person product presentation may bring about. That is to say, we shall not lower the quality and value of the products but enhance a new image to customers through a product donation occasion together with an event as a new marketing pioneering method. Secondly, during the period of the current economic depression, if a company provides the consumers with an opportunity free of charge through the present special event period and the practical events, it will affect the advertising effect of the goods, the introduction of the customers and customers' repurchase. For this purpose, the company has to heighten customers' preferences by selecting the items customers are liable to prefer and closely analyze the consumers' response and market for such an objective. Thirdly, with the internet age, as the market has a tendency to increase In the number of consumers who do shopping in the internet, the marketing strategy has to build up the strategy of the presentation product instead of a simple offline strategy. For example, a company shall have to draw attention or attraction from end users who intend to do shopping through the online by a product planning expo or a presentation product corner. Fourthly, the excessive sale promotion strategy of presentation products may bring about even a reverse effect on the value of the goods or consumers' attitude as seen above. Therefore, a company has to relay' the value as to the price' to the consumers instead of the sales promotion strategy of donation products just for a temporary sales volume. Conclusively, even if we put the value with a reasonable price through the presentation product strategy in the past, we shall have construct the strategy by providing some plus factors in the price such as the provision of the upgraded products or services instead of just presentation, or the invitation of the events related to diverse events or culture arts from now on.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.375-404
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• 2007

When we look into the market economy of our country recently, we learn that the mind of consumption after IMF crisis is very shrunk and the market is led into a serious slump of consumption. For an approach to survive the contraction of the market and the market competition, enterprises command a variety of sales promotion strategy, out of which presentation is a sales promotion strategy to give the same product. The price-discounted strategy through the provision of donation commodity may induce the temporarily-discounted commodity not to be sold to the consumers or make a damage of the images of the brand, or arouse the price war against other companies, or lower the sense of the quality of the commodity. Therefore, it is necessary for a company to meet the end users' demand and also maintain the evaluation of the quality on the consumers' products highly. Therefore, in this study, we have attempted to study and analyze the consumers' satisfaction level and reliability on the donation goods in order to suggest the orientation of the presentation promotion strategy in accordance with the changes of the sales market. In addition, we tried to understand how the recognition, consumers' satisfaction level and reliability on the presentation goods had on the repurchase. With such objectives in this study, we could make an analogy of the following significance and suggestion of study. Firstly, in order to survive a serious competition market, enterprises must execute the product presentation along with diverse events instead of commanding the sales promotion strategy through a simple product presentation. This strategy can be an alternative to lower the danger a person-to-person product presentation may bring about. That is to say, we shall not lower the quality and value of the products but enhance a new image to customers through a product donation occasion together with an event as a new marketing pioneering method. Secondly, during the period of the current economic depression, if a company provides the consumers with an opportunity free of charge through the present special event period and the practical events, it will affect the advertising effect of the goods, the introduction of the customers and customers' repurchase. For this purpose, the company has to heighten customers' preferences by selecting the items customers are liable to prefer and closely analyze the consumer's response and market for such an objective. Thirdly, with the internet age, as the market has a tendency to increase in the number of consumers who do shopping in the internet, the marketing strategy has to build up the strategy of the presentation product instead of a simple offline strategy. For example, a company shall have to draw attention or attraction from end users who intend to do shopping through the online by a product planning expo or a presentation product corner. Fourthly, the excessive sale promotion strategy of presentation products may bring about even a reverse effect on the value of the goods or consumers' attitude as seen above. Therefore, a company has to relay 'the value as to the price' to the consumers instead of the sales promotion strategy of donation products just for a temporary sales volume. Conclusively, even if we put the value with a reasonable price through the presentation product strategy in the past, we shall have construct the strategy by providing some plus factors in the price such as the provision of the upgraded products or services instead of just presentation, or the invitation of the events related to diverse events or culture arts from now on.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.466-469
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• 2006

Nowadays, we make an attempt for media conversion from old to new media, carrying out to information society. These changes to new media are considered as new threat to printing media. New means such as CAD(Computer Aided Publishing), on-line novel and webzine can be regarded as new media and we are confronted with need of new changes in the field of printing media because of the trend of the present. It suggests that the origin of commodity competitiveness depends on the ability of cultural Contents using design. Cultural commodity is considered as strategy concepts in the more specific and realistic aspect than in the aspect of industrialization. This study introduce the case of Cellpark Co.,Ltd. which has successfully developed commodity design of World-cup cultural contents as a creating tools of innovative value connecting existed design method based on printing media with new method. This study gave the case which created Blue Ocean market through new expression method of design, products protection of contents design by patent registration, and licensing which many design firms often overlook.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.49-67
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• 2022

This study applied the method of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012, 2014, 2016) to analyze the connectedness between the Freight Index (BDI, BDTI, BCTI), energy price(oil, natural gas, coal), and grain price(soybean, corn, wheat) from July 19, 2007 to March 31, 2022. The main analysis results of this paper are as follows. First, according to the network analysis results, the total connectedness was measured to be 20.43% for the entire analysis period, indicating that there was a low correlation between the freight index and the commodity price. In addition, looking at the directional results, the variable with the greatest effects was corn, and conversely, the variable with the lowest effects BDI. When classified by events, BCTI was found to play a major role only during the COVID-19 period. Second, according to the results of the rolling-sample analysis, the total connectedness be found to be highly correlated with changes in economic conditions such as the financial crisis, trade war, and COVID-19 when specific events occurred.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.767-792
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• 2009

The two fields, economics of art and literature, tend to be put together as part of cultural economic studies; yet the former has been widely popular as compared to the latter. Economics of art has been known as part of social science which studies art economically. Similarly, economics of literature is likely to be an interdisciplinary study of literature and economics. Literature is suggested usually to reflect the economic base of a society as a form of its superstructure in view of classical Marxism; so, it is interesting to see social, economic activities, such as individual values and social institutions, income, price and opportunity cost, in a particular way of analyzing economic ideas in literature. Capital seems to have an innate property of self-expansion in literature; this property thus features actual economic life since in capitalism money is the universal value between persons and literary works. Specifically, the field of economics of literature starts with such ideas: economics of literature is part of cultural economics; and economics of literature deals with the economic value of literature. Putting interdisciplinary fields of literature and economics together, this study is to examine the economic value of literature in which Karl Marx talked about commodities with exchange value, use value, and fetishism. The exchange value is commercial worth, the actual exchange value of a publication; yet, the use value is innate worth, the aesthetic use value of literature. With commodity fetishism, profit seems not as the outcome of a social relation, but of a work- "reification" as the would-be Marxists suggest. As a commodity, the literary work appears to be able to animate life and power in reality. As a result, this paper asserts that social, economical activities in literature as we may apply to the study of economics of literature increase its economic value, implying commercial and innate worth, as the capital in the marketplace.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2007

In Korea, the market of internet shopping mall rapidly increases. The purpose of this study is how to progressed to internet shopping mall system in Korea and a improvement and characteristics of that through progress and case studies of internet shopping mall. As to the future direction of the market of internet shopping mall in Korea, many of commodity parts will be traded among established participants on internet websites owned by internet shopping mall groups. Finally, for improvement of internet shopping mall industry in Korea I suggested that there are "mutual cooperation of internet shopping mall companies", "maintain the customer's confidence", "attain the profits through a niche market strategy".

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.199-212
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• 1991

주식옵션(stock options)에 대한 연구에 비교하여 상품 및 퓨처 옵션(commodity & futures options)에 대한 연구는 선진국에서도 지금 한참 연구를 하고 있는 단계에 있다. 우리나라에서도 이 분야에 대한 이론을 바탕으로 하는 제도를 곧 도입하려는 준비를 하고 있다. 본 연구는 블랙의 '블랙의 컴모디티 옵션의 가격모형(Black commodity option pricing model)'을 이용하여 재무성 장기채권의 퓨처의 균형가격을 예측하는데 있다. 이 블랙모형의 적용가능성을 검증해 본 것이다. 실제퓨처가격(observed futures prices)과는 달리 재무성 장기채권 퓨처 옵션에서의 묵시적 퓨처가격(futures prices implicit)은 시장효율성(market efficiencies)의 전제하에 성립되거나, 아니면 옵션가격모형을 사용하여서는 아니되거나 둘 중의 하나이거나 둘 다 섞이거나 일 것이다. 본 실증적인 연구, 즉 묵시적인 표준편차(implied standard deviations)를 사이멀테니어스(simultaneously)하게 계산한 묵시적인 퓨처가격(implied futures prices)을 사용한 실증적인 연구는 옵션모델에 의하여 퓨처가격을 계산하는 데에 문제가 있음을 발견하였다. 그 이유는 옵션가격결정모형을 이용하여 계산한 재무성 장기채권의 퓨쳐가격은 재무성 장기채권의 미래가격변동의 방향을 제시하는 지표로써 사용할 수 없기 때문일 것이다. 우리나라에서도 이 분야에 대한 이론과 제도를 곧 도입하는 입장에서 선행되는 문헌이 될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2003

In this study, the modern street fashion of Kangnam and Kangbuk was qualitatively examined and comparatively analyzed through the field case study, and it is expected that the results of this study be importantly used in planning commodity of fashion brand. The photographs taken in the Kangnam and Kangbuk streets were classified as looks. which were comparatively analyzed each other. Also, a questionnaire was carried out in return for women in those streets, and data related with an age group, occupation, school, academic major, etc. for participant personality and with time purchasing clothing. average expenses for clothing per month. market and reasons for buying clothing, current fashion style, etc. for fashion preference trend were obtained. The streets around Kangnam subway station and KOEX mall for the Kangnam fashion style were selected for the sampling, and Sinchon and entrance of Ewha University for the Kangbuk, where college students and middle/high school students mostly gather. Results showed that an easy casual style was most popular in the Kangbuk area, and a romantic feminine style including a bobos style most popular in the Kangnam area. This case studied on the street fashion gaves the qualitative results about the fashion trend and fashion prediction information, and they could be compared with quantitative those known previously. Also, it could be a basis research on strengthening the competitive power in fashion commodity. However, this study was subjected to restriction in the sampling due to the short time and a few streets. This study will be extended into longer time and various streets including Apgujungdong in Kangnam and many colleges in Kangbuk.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.27-37
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• 2017

This study examines the behaviour of staple food price using Multivariate BEKK-GARCH Model. Understanding of staple food price behaviour is important for determining the unpredictability of staple food market and also for policy making. In this paper, we focus on the commodity prices of sugar, rice, soybean and wheat to examine the volatility behaviour of those commodities. The empirical results show that the own-volatility spillover are relatively significant for all food prices. The own-volatility spillover effect for sugar price is relatively large compared with the volatility spillover of other staple food commodities. The findings also highlight that the price volatility of wheat increases during food crisis more than it does when the condition is stable. Also, the own-volatility of rice and wheat in the period of the food crisis is significant and higher compared to the period before food crisis indicates that the past own-volatility effects during food crisis are relatively more difficult to predict because of the uncertainty and high price volatility. Policy recommendations that can be proposed based on the findings are: (1) a better trade agreement in food commodity trade, (2) lower the dependence on wheat importation in Indonesia, and (3) reliable system to minimize food price volatility risks.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.1 s.94
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• pp.61-71
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• 2007

This study examines the determinants of location decisions for domestic skippers and identifies them with the aid of the location choice model The authors have used Korea's commodity flow survey collected by the inter-regional shippers as well as socio-economic indicators. The results suggest that the location of shippers depend on agglomeration economies, market size, and logistics activities. Finally. this study suggests the direction of locational Policies to help the Korean government with logistics-related policies.