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Comparison for enzymic activity of Nuruk and quality properties of Yakju by different fungi (곰팡이 균주에 따른 누룩의 효소활성 및 약주 품질특성 비교)

  • Huh, Chang-Ki;Kim, So-Mang;Kim, Yong-Doo
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.573-580
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    • 2014
  • The enzymatic activity of Nuruk and the quality properties of Yakju were investigated according to different fungi. The fungi that were used in this study were Aspergillus kawachii KCCM 32819, Aspergillus niger KCCM 32005, Rhizopus japonicus KCCM 11604, Rhizopus oryzae KCCM 11272, Rhizopus oryzae KCCM 11273, Rhizopus oryzae KCCM 11276, and Mucor rouxii KCCM 60148. The study results are as follows. The saccharogenic power of Rhizopus oryzae KCCM 11272 Nuruk was the highest (3,647.72 SP/g) among all the samples. The ${\alpha}$-amylase production and protease activities were highest (3.76 DU and 4.7 tyrosine mg/min, respectively) in the Rhizopus japonicus KCCM 11604 Nuruk. The pH levels of the Yakju made with commercial Nuruk and Rhizopus japonicus KCCM 11604 Nuruk were 4.14 and 4.07, respectively. The total titratable acid content of the Yakju made with Rhizopus oryzae KCCM 11273 Nuruk was the highest (0.56%) among all the samples. Rhizopus japonicus KCCM 11604 and Rhizopus oryzae KCCM 11272 had the highest ethanol yields (15.18% and 15.10%, respectively). In the sensory evaluation carried out in this study, the panel preferred the Yakju made with Rhizopus japonicus KCCM 11604 Nuruk. Overall, however, the panel did not like the Yakju made with Aspergillus niger KCCM 32005 Nuruk.

Gravity Removal and Vector Rotation Algorithm for Step counting using a 3-axis MEMS accelerometer (3축 MEMS 가속도 센서를 이용한 걸음 수 측정을 위한 중력 제거 및 백터 전환 알고리즘)

  • Kim, Seung-Young;Kwon, Gu-In
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.43-52
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, we propose Gravity Removal and Vector Rotation algorithm for counting steps of wearable device, and we evaluated the proposed GRVR algorithm with Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) 3-axis accelerometer equipped in low-power wearable device while the device is mounted on various positions of a walking or running person. By applying low-pass filter, the gravity elements are canceled from acceleration on each axis of yaw, pitch and roll. In addition to DC-bias removal and the low-pass filtering, the proposed GRVR calculates acceleration only on the yaw-axis while a person is walking or running thus we count the step even if the wearable device's axis are rotated during walking or running. The experimental result shows 99.4% accuracies for the cases where the wearable device is mounted in the middle and on the right of the belt, and 91.1% accuracy which is more accurate than 83% of commercial 3-axis pedometer when worn on wrist for the case of axis-rotation.

Study of the Prior Review System about Medical Advertising on the Existing Laws

  • Kim, Woon-Shin;Joung, Soon-Hyoung
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.97-106
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    • 2016
  • This study tries to seek the is the realistic improvements and legislative measures about current medical advertising which was in the Court on 12 May 2015 by presenting and discussion the understanding, problems and its alternative direction of pre-deliberation on the existing law which is the decision on the constitutionality of health care advertising regulated health care advertising General commercial advertising has the right which have to be protected as the terms of the protection of know and freedom of expression and advertiser's there are sure to be in a value to be protected. Medical advertising is also a person in addition to the absolute value that includes both Due to the particularity of medical advertising in terms of life and the right to health Until now, this has been the target of strong regulations are changing the policy of gradual deregulation in our country, including the country. Medical advertising on the current medical law had been to be checked by pre-deliberation of the executive power. However, due to unconstitutional, in the circumstances which a false hype is flooding and increasing, it has been realized that the fair competition of medical community, life and health rights of the people are threatened by in reverse. In this regard, the abolition of the pre-deliberation system of medical advertising can be welcomed by abolition of the old system which is the legal and institutional censorship. Since its abolition, the alternative policy direction is insufficient also it is not clear. Therefore we need to study this. Therefore, in this paper, we try to find general theoretical background and problem of pre-deliberation system of medical advertising. Also, as trying to find feasibility or ambiguity of regulation and issues about medical advertising on medical law, we argued the provision of special measures of the medical advertising for introduction of integrated medical advertising deliberation committee which can ensure the independence and autonomy, strengthening of the monitoring on the internet advertising, legal resolving through amendments, strengthening of penalties, and establish special measures of medical advertising for the medical privatization and demand for the foreign medical tourist, etc. Empirical study about practical regulatory measures of medical advertising which converged the various opinions of consumer groups, government and academia, and medical community, and we expect hope to see the more realistic alternative provision.

Double-layered Polymer Electrolyte Membrane based on Sulfonated Poly(aryl ether sulfone)s for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (직접 메탄올 연료전지용 술폰화 폴리아릴에테르술폰 이중층 고분자 전해질 막의 제조 및 특성)

  • Hong, Young-Taik;Ko, Ha-Na;Park, Ji-Young;Choi, Jun-Kyu;Kim, Sang-Un;Kim, Hyung-Joong
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.291-301
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    • 2009
  • Double-layered polymer electrolyte membranes were prepared from two different sulfonated poly(aryl ether sulfone) copolymers by the two-step solution casting method for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). Sulfonation degrees were adjusted 10% (SPAES-10) and 50% (SPAES-50) by controlling monomer ratios, and the weight ratios of SPAES-10 copolymer were varied in the range of 5~20% to investigate the effect of thickness of coating layers on the membranes. Proton conducting layers were fabricated from SPAES-50 solutions of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) by a solution casting technique, and coating layers formed on the semiliquid surface of the conducting layer by pouring of SPAES-10-NMP solutions onto. It was found that double-layered polymer electrolyte membrane could significantly reduce the methanol crossover through the membrane and maintain high proton conductivities being comparable to single-layered SPAES-50 membrane. The maximum power density of membrane-electrolyte assembly (MEA) at the condition of $60^{\circ}C$ and 2 M methanol-air was $134.01\;mW/cm^2$ for the membrane prepared in the 5 wt-% of SPAES-10 copolymer, and it was corresponding to the 105.5% of the performance of the commercial Nafion 115 membrane.

Development of Glucoamylase & Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Process for High-yield Bioethanol (고효율 바이오 에탄올 생산을 위한 당화효소 개발 및 동시당화발효 공정 연구)

  • Choi, Gi-Wook;Han, Min-Hee;Kim, Yule
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.499-503
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    • 2008
  • The bioethanol for use as a liquid fuel by fermentation of renewable biomass as an alternative to petroleum is important from the viewpoint of global environmental protection. Recently, many scientists have attempted to increase the productivity of bioethanol process by developing specific microorganism as well as optimizing the process conditions. In the present study, which is based on our previous investigation on the pretreatment process, theproductivity of bioethanol obtained from simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process was compared between various domestic materials including barley, brown rice, corn and sweet potato. Additionally, Solid glucoamylase (SGA; developed in Changhae Co.), from modified strain with UV, was used. The result was compared to commercial glucoamylase (GA). It was observed that the fermentation rate was increased together with the yield which can be derived from the final ethanol concentration. Especially, in the case of brown rice, compared to the experimental results using GA, the final ethanol concentration was 1.25 times higher and 18.4 g/L of the yield was increased. Also, the time required for reaching 95% of the maximum ethanol concentration is significantly reduced, which is approximately 36 hours, compared to 88 hours using GA. It means that SGA has excellent saccharogenic power.

Two Way Set Temperature Control Impact Study on Ground Coupled Heat Pump System Energy Saving (양방향 설정온도 제어에 따른 지중연계 히트펌프 시스템의 에너지 절감량 평가 연구)

  • Kang, Eun-Chul;Lee, Euy-Joon;Min, Kyong-Chon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2014
  • Government has recently restricted heating and cooling set temperatures for the commercial and public buildings due to increasing national energy consumption. The goal of this paper is to visualize a future two way indoor set temperature control impact on building energy consumption by using TRNSYS simulation modeling. The building was modelled based on the twin test cell with the same dimension. Air source ground coupled heat pump performance data has been used for modeling by TRNSYS 17. Daejeon weather data has been used from Korea Solar Energy Society. The heating set temperature in the reference room is $24^{\circ}C$ as well as the target room set temperature are $23^{\circ}C$, $22^{\circ}C$, $21^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. The cooling set temperature of the reference room is also $24^{\circ}C$ as well as the target room set temperature of $25^{\circ}C$, $26^{\circ}C$, $27^{\circ}C$ and $28^{\circ}C$. For the air source heat pump system, heating season energy consumption is $35.52kWh/m^2y$ in the reference room. But the heating energy consumption in the target room is reduced to 7.5% whenever the set temperature decreased every $1^{\circ}C$. The cooling energy consumption in the reference room is $4.57kWh/m^2y$. On the other hand, the energy consumption in the target room is reduced to 22% whenever the set temperature increased every $1^{\circ}C$ by two way controller. For the geothermal heat pump system, heating energy consumption in the reference room is reduced to 20.7%. The target room heating energy consumption is reduced to 32.6% when the set temperature is $22^{\circ}C$. The energy consumption in the target room is reduced to 59.5% when the set temperature is $26^{\circ}C$.

Implementation of Multi-Core Processor for Beamforming Algorithm of Mobile Ultrasound Image Signals (모바일 초음파 영상신호의 빔포밍 알고리즘을 위한 멀티코어 프로세서 구현)

  • Choi, Byong-Kook;Kim, Jong-Myon
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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    • v.18A no.2
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2011
  • In the past, a patient went to the room where an ultrasound image diagnosis device was set, and then he or she was examined by a doctor. However, currently a doctor can go and examine the patient with a handheld ultrasound device who stays in a room. However, it was implemented with only fundamental functions, and can not meet the high performance required by the focusing algorithm of ultrasound beam which determines the quality of ultrasound image. In addition, low energy consumption was satisfied for the mobile ultrasound device. To satisfy these requirements, this paper proposes a high-performance and low-power single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) based multi-core processor that supports a representative beamforming algorithm out of several focusing methods of mobile ultrasound image signals. The proposed SIMD multi-core processor, which consists of 16 processing elements (PEs), satisfies the high-performance required by the beamforming algorithm by exploiting considerable data-level parallelism inherent in the echo image data of ultrasound. Experimental results showed that the proposed multi-core processor outperforms a commercial high-performance processor, TI DSP C6416, in terms of execution time (15.8 times better), energy efficiency (6.9 times better), and area efficiency (10 times better).

Aquifer Characterization Using Seismic Data on the Aquistore CCS Project, Canada (캐나다 아퀴스토어 탄성파자료를 통한 이산화탄소 지중저장 연구지역 대수층 특성화)

  • Cheong, Snons;Kim, Byoung-Yeop;Shinn, Young Jae;Lee, Ho-Yong;Park, Myung-Ho
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.47 no.6
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    • pp.625-633
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    • 2014
  • The Aquistore project is the world's first commercial capture, transportation, utilization and storage project of post-combustion $CO_2$ from a coal-fired thermo electric power plant, and the proposed storage is a saline aquifer at a depth of about 3,500 m. Deep saline aquifer, compared to hydrocarbon reservoir, provides the great volumetric potential for storage of $CO_2$ anywhere in the world, therefore the research results from the project may be exported globally to other sites. Geological $CO_2$ storage characterization for saline aquifer instead of hydrocarbon reservoir needs to estimate the geophysical properties of subsurface geology. This study calculated the geophysical property of water-saturated formation by applying amplitude variation analysis developed from oil and gas exploration. We correlated horizon tops at the well logs to seismic traveltime of 1,815 and 1,857 ms as Winnipeg and Deadwood formations. Gradient analysis from seismic traces showed correlation coefficient of 45 - 81 % on amplitude variation with respect to incident angle. Crossplot of intercept and gradient shows the inverse proportional trend which represents typical water saturated sediments. Product attribute of intercept and gradient described the base of wet sediment. Poisson's ratio change attribute increased at the top of target area satisfying with wet sediment and decreased at the top of basement in a dry rock bed.

Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from Feces and Kimchi (베트남인 분변 및 김치로부터 분리된 유산균의 프로바이오틱스 기능성 연구)

  • Shin, Hyun Su;Yoo, Sung Ho;Jang, Jin Ah;Won, Ji Young;Kim, Cheol Hyun
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.255-261
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the probiotic properties and antioxidant capacity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Vietnamese feces and the Korean traditional food kimchi. Six isolated strains were identified as Lactobacillus sp. by 16S rRNA sequencing. All strains showed good resistance to low pH (1.5, 2.0, and 3.0) and 0.3% oxgall bile acids. Culture filtrates from the six strains showed various antioxidant effects, including DPPH, ABTS, reducing power, and metal chelating ($Fe^{2+}$) activities. Two of the six Lactobacillus strains showed potential probiotic activity. Heat resistance and adhesion assays were conducted by mixing the selected strains, Lactobacillus acidophilus V4, Lactobacillus plantarum V7, and Lactobacillus paracasei DK121 isolated from kimchi. The results showed that the heat resistance of these strains was similar to that of a commercial strain, L. plantarum LP. In addition, a mucin attachment assay using the mixture of selected strains (V4, V7, and DK121) showed high binding activity to the mucous layer. In conclusion, a mixture of V4, V7, and DK121 shows promising probiotic activity and may be useful for the development of health-related products.

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Coal Gasification by 1 T/D BSU Coal-Slurry Entrained Gasifier (1 T/D급 습식 분류상 석탄가스화기에서의 석탄가스화 특성연구)

  • 박태준;김재호;손성근;이재구;홍재창;김용구;최영찬
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.553-559
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    • 1999
  • This study has been implemented to investigate various characteristics of coals which are imported from abroad. KIER has developed 1 T/D bench-scale unit, entrained-flow coal-slurry gasification technology to investigate the followings: 1) to assess the appropriate foreign coals for gasification. 2) to establish the data base for gasification phenomena, 3) to minimize the technical risks prior to introduction of commercial scaled IGCC power plant, 4) to develop essential key technologies and to establish operational experiences for coal gasification. The foreign coals used in the gasification are Cyprus and Alaska coals from U. S. A. Cyprus coal(bituminous) and Alaska coal (lignite) were shown about 1.29$0^{\circ}C$. The concentrations of coal-slurry for Cyprus were maintained up to 58%, 62% and 65% in order to enable to feed satisfactorily it into the gasifier without any other problems at feeding systems. However, the Alaska coal was unable to maintain slurry concentration over the 60% due to its high viscosity. During the experiments, $O_2/coal$ ratios in both coals ere maintained from 0.6~1.2, but especially Alaska coal was required excessive oxygen feed due to its high ingerent moisture contents. During the experiments with two different coals, the concentrations of syngas $(H_2+CO)$ were shown as 40~62%, and the heating value of syngas were detected as 1,400~2,050 kcal/N㎥

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