• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.228-233
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• 2008

In this paper, peak acceleration for horizontal vibration of buildings was estimated from the results of vibration tests using a shaking table. Human comfort of occupants is supposed to be satisfied according to the peak acceleration in NBCC and ISO6897, which have been used by Korean structural engineers. In the paper, we used a one-dimensional shaking table for horizontal vibration tests, which was mounted with a vibration house similar to a living space. Experimental results were obtained according to increasing accelerations in the range of 0.2Hz through 1.2Hz of frequency with five experimental groups, each of which was composed of eight persons. We obtained performance curves by dividing the distribution of perception from horizontal vibration tests into the ranges of 0${\sim}$25%, 26${\sim}$50%, 51${\sim}$75%, 76${\sim}$100% and then fitting the curves. Also we made a questionnaire based on human comfort criteria of foreign countries, and examined the feelings of subjects. From the results of horizontal vibration tests, it was found that acceleration of perception was low when frequency was high, and that visual and auditory senses affect the human perception for horizontal vibration of buildings.

• Architectural research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.137-144
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal angle of a wind louver that would induce the optimal wind speed for indoor. Being controlled to have an optimized angle depending on the direction from which wind is blowing and the wind speed, the wind louver to be installed on the building envelop comes to create indoor comfort through a constant wind speed using the function that reduces the indoor wind speed by changing the angle when the wind speed is not lower than a certain level and makes wind flow into the room to the maximum when the wind direction is adverse to catching the wind or the wind speed is not higher than a certain level. To determine the optimal wind louver angle, a core-centered office building with cross-ventilation problems in the climate of Seoul, Korea, which experiences four distinct seasons, was considered for analysis in this study. A module 1 office space model was used for the CFD simulation to analyze the average indoor wind speed with respect to the outdoor wind speed (varied between 1 and 8 m/s), the wind louver angle, and the outdoor wind direction (varied between $0^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$ in steps of $10^{\circ}$).

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.192-200
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• 2016

This study aims to design user-oriented children's hospital by examining the user needs, especially the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses. The subjects participated in a questionnaire survey including the user's characteristics, awareness of patient's room, the preference on ward size, demands, satisfaction and hospital environment assessment. The survey was conducted of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses in A children's hospital, and the data were analyzed by the SPSS WIN 18.0 Version software. A total of 115 copies of the questionnaire were finally analyzed. The results and conclusions are as follows. 1) The mothers' demand on family-centered space and private spaces were higher than the nurses. 2) The mothers preferred 1-bed-room to 4-bed-room due to safety and privacy. 3) The items of hospital environment assessment was categorized into four factors; 'Aesthetics', 'Accessibility', 'Comfort', and 'Lighting'. The most positive factor was 'Aesthetics', whereas 'Comfort' was the negative factor. 4) The mother's satisfaction was lower than the nurse's. The most influential factors on the satisfaction was 'Accessibility'. To improve the satisfaction of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses, safety, privacy, accessibility should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.23-29
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to find out the present condition of indoor thermal environment and to investigate the environmental needs of the elderly through the measurement of outdoor and indoor physical thermal environment elements and the questionary survey of the response to thermal environment in two welfare facilities for the aged in Taegu during summer in 2001. The 38 residents among the total of 134 residents were asked to record their feelings. The result of this study was as follows. The indoor thermal environment in the facilities subjected leer this study was seemed to be comfortable comparatively. But the values of mean indoor temperature measured were about 1.6-1.8$^{\circ}C$ higher than that of a existing domestic research suggested as thermal comfort zones for the elderly during summer, and most residents fe1t somewhat hot in inner space. And the value of indoor relative humidity in one facility was out from the range of comfort humidity(40-70%). Also there were differences by the geographical location between the two.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.123-134
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• 1999

Nowadays since the automobile is regarded as the third living space, comfortable conditions are required in the passenger compartment. The customer's concern on air-conditioning/heating, ventilation and demisting/defrosting performances has been much increased. Both ventilation and demisting /defrosting performances are directly influenced by register location, shape of regist guide vane, ventilation flow rate, air distribution , and air circulation pattern. Diffuse plume of air from the register is desirable not only to maintain comfort when the comfort when the comfortable condition has been satisfied but to improve demisting /defrosting performance. In this study, experimental and numerical investigation about the flow field of six different register vane types were carried out , respectively. The numerical analysis, based upon the $textsc{k}$-$\varepsilon$ turbulence model , was applied to the air flow field. The results show that the shape of register guide vane should be considered as an important design paramter.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.93-98
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the rate of opening windows that makes residents of a flat-type apartment feel pleasant in summer time. A few conditions were simulated on the wind flow that pass through internal and external spaces of the flat-type apartment, utilizing CFX program. The simulation was made with the criteria for the rates of opening window at 20%, 50%, 70% and 100%. When the rate of window opening was more 50%, the wind speed(more than 1m/s) that makes the residents feel pleasant was observed in more 60% of the internal space. When the all windows of the apartments were opened, the heat island phenomenon was almost disappeared and the pleasant wind flow was more evenly distributed in the external spaces. If residents of apartments recognize the result of this study and practice in agrement on opening windows in summer, it is expected to contribute to minimizing the energy consumption for air conditioning.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 2010

The daylited space can improve visual comfort and occupant's well-being. However discomfort glare from the daylight is a common problem in indoor environments and in general, the window is the main glare sources. Some formulas have been proposed for predicting glare from the daylight, however, they do not consider the effect on glare of the view through a window and some studies proved that they are inadequate in real daylight situation. This research aims to identify the relationship between view and discomfort glare considering the subjective impressions. As a preliminary experiment, this paper sets up the experimental protocol to reveal relationships between views from a window and visual perception in a controlled laboratory experiment. $1.2m{\times}1.2m$ artificial window was developed and $0.9m{\times}0.9m$ view image was placed on the window. Discomfort glare and impression evaluation was carried out under four different views and one blank view as a reference condition. The results showed that the subjects evaluated discomfort glare differently with the views even under the same luminance conditions and tended to feel less glare with distance views compared to near views.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.318-328
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• 2003

Numerical simulation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is performed to calculate the velocities and temperature profiles of air in adjacent to a worker within the individual local air conditioning system. The calculation domain is the space of ㄴ between walls and a worker in the climate room. The fresh air is supplied from the three different inlets located on the right, left and center wall in the climate room. In this study, the calculated data of velocities and temperature profiles of air in the nearest the skin of a worker are used to calculate the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) for evaluation of thermal comfort of a worker in the local air conditioning system. Because the data of veto-cities temperature profiles of air in adjacent to a worker and the PMV of a worker are the design parameters of the local air conditioning system. The results of calculation show that the fresh air velocity and injection position are closely related to the PMV value. In individual air condition system of ㄴ, the appropriate PMV are obtained when the fresh air velocity and position are 1.0 m/s, throat of a worker and are 1.5 m/s, head of a worker, respectively. The method of numerical calculation is effective to obtain the optimum velocity and position of the fresh air for optimum the PMV and energy saving in individual local air conditioning system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 1999

This survey is to investigate the effect of plants and waterscape facilities on the thermal indoor environment and to provide basic data for proper plant cultivation to enhance indoor landscape. The survey of the measure of comfort on the indoor environment for the residents of Taegu shows that the measure of comfort on the thermal-environment, which consist of temperature and humidity, has more negative responses than the measure on lighting . are . sound environment, which consists of air freshness, lighting condition and sound environment. The experiments on the effect of the amount of leaves and the distance of plants on the indoor thermal-environment are made. The experimental results illustrate that, as the capacity of a plant becomes greater and the distance from the plant shorter, the falling effect of temperature and the rising effect of humidity on the top of the plant are taken higher than on the side of the plant. When the same amount of leaves is set up, the distance range of the rising effect of humidity becomes wider than that of the falling effect of temperature. The investigation of the effect of waterscape facilities on the indoor thermal-environment shows that temperature and humidity of the space with installed waterscape facilities are lower and higher than without facilities, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

The propose of this study is to analyze the optimum spatial resolution of the urban spatial thermal environment structure and to evaluate of the possibility detection using aerial photographs and thermal satellite images. The proper techniques of the optimum spatial resolution for the urban spatial thermal environment structure were analyzed. Thermal infrared satellite image of Seoul city were used for the change rate of surface temperature variation and suggested to the spatial extent and effects of urban surface characteristics and spatial data was interpreted as regions. To extract the surface temperature, Landsat thermal infrared satellite image compared with an automatic weather station data and in the field of the measured temperature and surface temperature by thermal environment affects, the spatial domain has been verified. The surface temperature of the satellite images to extract after adjusting surface temperature isotherms were constructed. The changes in surface temperature from 2008 to 2012 the average surface temperature observation images of changing areas were divided into space. The results of this study are as follows: Through analysis of satellite imagery, Seoul city surface temperature change due to extraction comfort indices were classified into four grades. The comfort index indicative of the temperature of Gangnam-gu, $23.7{\sim}27.2(^{\circ}C)$ range and Songpagu, a $22.7{\sim}30.6(^{\circ}C)$ respectively, the surface temperature of Yeouido $25.8{\sim}32.6(^{\circ}C)$ were in the range.