• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2005

This paper describes a new algorithm for pixel-based skin color detection to differentiate human form in color images by the ratio of R to H. In order to detect skin color efficiently, we examine the distribution of the R, G and B color elements combining to constitute the skin color in various color images. It shows that R is located in a narrower area than G and B on the RGB color space. And skin color is more related to R than G and B. Meanwhile, when the color image is transformed to the HSI color space, the S is variously changed in accordance with skin colors. The I is changed in accordance with the quantity and angle of light. But the H is less influenced by other conditions except for color. On the basis of the aforementioned study, we propose that the threshold for skin color detection is decided by the ratio of R to H. The proposed method narrows down the range of threshold, detects more skin color and reduces mis-detection of skin color in comparison to detection by R or H. In experimentation. it shows that the proposed algorithm overcomes changes of brightness and color to detect skin color in color images.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2009년도 IWAIT
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• pp.80-84
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• 2009

This paper investigates the relationship between the compression ratio and the gamut area for a reconstructed image when using JPEG and JPEG2000. Eighteen color samples from the Macbeth ColorChecker are initially used to analyze the relationship between the compression ratio and the color bleeding phenomenon, i.e. the hue and chroma shifts in the a*b* color plane. In addition, twelve natural color images, divided into two groups depending on four color attributes, are also used to investigate the relationship between the compression ratio and the variation in the gamut area. For each image group, the gamut area for the reconstructed image shows an overall tendency to increase when increasing the compression ratio, similar to the experimental results with the Macbeth ColorChecker samples. However, with a high compression ratio, the gamut area decreases due to the mixture of adjacent colors, resulting in more grey.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2009

This study aims at clarifying the influence that color, tone, dot size, the combination of area ratios exercise on the harmony in dot necktie, and revealing the harmony differentiation according to the cues of various factors for pattern design. The conclusion is drawn as below, in the result that the cues which can exercise influence on the harmony of dot necktie, was analyzed by 54 stimuli. In the result of analysis of variance in order to clarify the influence which color, tone, dot size, and color area ratio exercise on dot necktie harmony, color and dot size operate appeared to be independent cues which exercise significant influence with main effect. In the result of the harmony difference analysis on color, tone, dot size, and color area ratio combination by multiple comparison, the cyan color in vivid tone was estimated to be most inharmonious in the analysis by color and tone. Viewing the harmony difference according to color and dot size, the dot size of 0.5cm in cyan was perceived to be most harmonious. Viewing the harmony difference according to color and color area ratio combination, both magenta and cyan were estimated to be positive, regardless of area ratio combination, and particularly, the case that the background was in cyan and the dots were in grey was perceived more harmonious compared to the contrary case. Viewing the harmony difference according to tone and dot sizes, the case when the dot sizes were 0.5cm, was perceived to be most positive, regardless of tone. Viewing the harmony difference according to color area ratio combination and tone, the case that the chromatic colors, cyan, magenta, and yellow was used as background, was estimated to be more harmonious, compared to the case that the achromatic color, grey was used as background. Viewing the harmony difference according to dot size and color area ratio combination, in case that the dots were in chromatic color and the background was in grey, the harmony showed difference by dot size, and the case of the dot size of 0.5cm was estimated to be most harmonious.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.863-877
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dot pattern size(0.8, 1.8, 2.5, 5, 8), color combination (BG/R, Y/B), value tone(lt/dk, p/g), area-ratio on image information. Sets of stimulus and response scales(7 point semantic) were used as experimental materials. The stimuli were 20 color pictures manipulated with the combination of dot pattern size, color combination, value tone and area-ratio using computer simulation. The subjects were 240 female undergraduates living in Gyeongsangnam-do. Image factor of the stimulus was composed of 4 different components, visibility, chastity.feminity, cuteness and attractiveness. In the visibility, color combination, value tone, area-ratio, dot pattern size showed independent effect. In the chastity feminity, color combination, value tone, showed independent effect. In the cuteness, value tone, area-ratio, dot pattern size showed independent effect. Significant interaction effects of color and area-ratio combination on visibility and cuteness were found. Interaction efforts of color and value tone combination, value tone and area-ratio was significant on cuteness. For visibility image, BG/R combination of color and yellow background/blue dots were effective. For cuteness image, pale/grayish tone and background/dots area-ratio were effective.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.184-187
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• 2014

This study examined the effects of particle size on the light scattering of a nano-sized color filter pigment used to obtain a range of colors in liquid crystal displays. The contrast ratio is one of the most important characteristics of liquid crystal displays. When a color filter is located between two crossed polarizers, the size of the pigment can give rise to a decrease in the contrast ratio due to Rayleigh scattering by the nanoparticles in the filter. The size effect of the color filter pigment on the contrast ratio was investigated in terms of the depolarization parameter. As an experimental result, the depolarization parameter increased with decreasing pigment size. Therefore, a smaller pigment size can reduce light leakage caused by light scattering in the color filter between two crossed polarizers. The depolarization function was also proposed as a useful function for predicting the decrease in the contrast ratio of the color filter.

• 복식
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.54-68
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dot pattern size(0.8, 1.8, 2.5, 5, 8), color combination(BG/R, Y/B), area-ratio on image formation. Sets of stimulus and response scales(7 point semantic) were used as experimental materials. The stimuli were 20 color pictures manipulated with the combination of dot pattern size, color combination, and area-ratio using computer simulation. The subjects were 240 female undergraduates living in Gyeongnam-do. Image factor of the stimulus was composed of 5 different components, visibility, attractiveness, cuteness, stability and high class image. In the cuteness, color combination, dot pattern size showed independent effect. In the stability, area-ratio, dot pattern size showed independent effect. Interaction effects of color and area-ratio combination was significant on cuteness. For visibility image 8cm yellow dot/blue background, for attractiveness image BG/R coloration, for cuteness image Y/B coloration and for stability image 0.8cm yellow dot/blue background were effective. According to the variation of dot pattern size, color combination and area-ratio, it was investigated that the images for a dress wearer were expressed diversely, were shown differently in image dimensions, and could be produced to different images.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 공간정보와 색상변화율을 이용한 영상검색방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 공간정보를 추출하기 위하여 임계치 $\tau$에 의하여 영상으로부터 색상영역들을 추출한다. 이 과정에서 색상 영역의 수와 색상변화 횟수를 계산하며, 이 값들을 이용하여 색상변화율을 얻는다. 영상간의 유사도는 공간정보에 의해여 측정되며, 색상변화율은 유사한 색상변화율을 가진 이미지가 보다 높은 검색 순위가 갖도록 돕는다. 다양한 자연영상들을 이용한 실험을 통하여 제안된 방법이 색상정보를 이용한 다른 일반적인 방법들보다 뛰어난 성능을 보임을 확인하였다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to compare the harmony of tone on tone coloration according to transformation of color area-ratio in traditional Korean dress. The respondents were asked to evaluate 36 stimuli of the traditional Korean skirt and jacket with different color tone. The subjects were 83 female undergraduate students. The results are as follows. For red colors, combinations of vivid/dull, vivid/dark, and light/dark made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. For yellow colors, combinations of vivid/dark, light/dull, and light/dark made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. For green colors, combinations of vivid/dull, vivid/dark, light/dull, and light/dark made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.197-199
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• 2000

Clarified fruit and vegetable juices (apple, carrot and tangerine) were produced using ultrafiltration and their color change due to the mixing ratio were evaluated. clarification was carried out by passing he supernatant of extracted juice through a filter and also by using a membrane of molecular weight cut-off 10,000 Daltons to obtain the juice ultrafiltrates. The mixing ratio between apple and carrot juices was kept constant at 1:1 while increasing the amount of tangerine juice according to 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% an stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ prior to the color measurement. Hue angle ({TEX}$h_{ab}${/TEX}) and {TEX}$L^{*}${/TEX}-value increased as the tangerine mixing ratio increased. The color difference indicated by ΔE-value also increased as the amount of tangerine increased indicating that the color of the mixed juice became pale and the changes were slight but distinctive. On the other hand, chroma ({TEX}$C^{*}${/TEX}), {TEX}$La{*}${/TEX}- and {TEX}$b^{*}${/TEX}-values decreased as the tangerine mixing ratio increased indicating that the color of the mixed juice became slightly more grayish and the samples were becoming les yellow. A simple mathematical model to predict each color characteristic is proposed.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.85-88
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• 2007

A number of R, G and B LEDs for reference color temperature mixing ratio of RGB was determined by the theory of RGB mixing as a baseline. Once the number of LEDs was determined the objective color temperature from baseline has been achieved by the control the RGB duty ratio. And a practical prototype of 50W floodlighting adjusted by the above algorithm. The micro controller was developed with control algorithm for RGB duty ratio to obtain the objective color temperature. Detailed experiments to optimize algorithm of duty ratio and color temperature will be discussed in this paper as well.