• 복식
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.38-52
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to confirm the international unique color sensibility according to the ethnic color preferences. The existing studies about color sensibility were investigated to analyze the international color sensibility. The countries were chosen according to its, strong regional and racial color. Also, the documents and websites about environment color such as structure color, natural feature color, traditional folk costume color and customary color names were investigated, and then, the international color sensibility was analyzed by using the color image scale. As a result of the analysis about the differences of color sensibility, internationally distinguished color sensibility was discovered. There were differences not only for the preference trend of hue but also for the tone or contrast of color among the selected countries. Especially, Great Britain had a strong preference for G categories that they preferred the warm-grayish color image. Russia has a preference for R, G, and B categories with the preference for the warm-clear image. Netherlands had a preference for R, Y, and PB categories and it preferred the cool-hard-grayish, warm-soft-clear image. Italy had a preference for R and Y categories and it preferred the warm-clear image. Morocco had a preference for R and B categories and it preferred the warm and cool, clear image. Japan had a preference for R, G categories and it preferred the warm-grayish image. Korea had a preference for R and B categories and it preferred the warm-soft-clear, and cool-clear image. With these results, the researcher concludes that the integrated analysis of the environment color and the traditional racial color factors are very persuasive methods to comprehend the international color sensibility.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2020

In contemporary times, there is an increasing demand for a dedicated healthcare environment, all over the world. The main motivation for this demand is the level of awareness manifested by the users and reflected on their expectations. Therefore new research strategies and design actions are investigated in order to answer to the users' needs and to provide objective design tools for the specialist. This study continues a series of previous developments of the Healthcare Environment Color Index that should be used for public facilities in Korea and abroad. The cross-cultural approach is a new opportunity for exchanging know-how and for testing and calibrating the perception of the users on the color index. The gathering of results was made based on the online survey provided in this phase in English version for the Romanian users. The survey was intended as an objective mean of research and an efficient way of disseminating information on the subject thus contributing to increasing the level of awareness of the users. A total of 86 Romanian and 89 Koreans with valid answers took part in the survey. Comparative visualizations of the results showed significant similarities concerning the patterns of color preferences but also cultural and emotional differences. As a result both categories of users proved to be aware of the relation between healthcare environment color and its effects on health. They also showed a common understanding on the potential of the color index. As a result the most appealing colors to be applied to the healthcare environment were the series G and B, and the most effective ones were proved to be the ranges of high lightness and low saturation but also the medium high lightness and medium saturation. Both the similarities and the differences of choice between Romanians and Koreans show that cultural and emotional differences of color recognition are important and that should be taken into consideration in design, in order to generate an inclusive and efficient healthcare environment.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2017

시각 정보 중 색채는 인간의 감성을 일으키는 중요한 요소이다. 그러므로 감성을 유발하거나 예측하기 위해서 색의 효과를 확인하는 것은 중요하다. 본 연구는 색채에 따른 감성의 차이를 확인하고자 색채 자극에 따른 심혈관 반응을 측정하였다. 색채 자극은 Red, Green, Blue, Cyan, Mangenta, Yellow의 6가지 색상으로 구성된 이미지들을 사용하였다. 실험에 참여한 대학생 26명(남자 13명)은 Electrocardiogram (ECG) 센서를 착용하고 모니터에 제시된 각 자극을 본 후 주관감성을 평가하였다. 색채 자극에 따른 심혈관 반응 데이터는 Kruskal-wallis 검정과 Mann-Whitney 검정을 수행하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 Coherence ratio가 Green과 Magenta (p=.004), Red (p=.006), Yellow (p=.004) 색상에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구는 색상에 따른 유효한 심혈관 반응 변수와 감성의 차이를 확인하였으며 이러한 차이는 쾌-불쾌의 감성과 관련이 있었다. 본 연구는 녹색이 쾌의 감성을 유발하고 적색이 불쾌의 감성을 유발할 수 있음을 보인 실증적인 연구로써 의의가 있다.

• 복식
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• 제50권
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• pp.23-32
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the mothers' preferences for their children's clothing images and color images. Questionaries were analysed by factor analysis cluster analysis one way ANOVA x2 -test. The results are as follow: First the preferred clothing images for children have no differences across gender. The preferred images are active tidy and fashionable. Second the preferred clothing images are according to season. In the case of clothing color images the preferences in spring and summer seasons are differed from fall and winter seasons. Third factors of boy's clothing image were fashionable cute splendid and classic And factors for girl's clothing image were lively tidy fashionable and classic. These factors revealed the differences of preferences between boys and girls clothing image. Fourth the preferences of clothing color image for children changed across seasons. Bright and neat color images were preferred in spring and summer warm and deep color images were preferred in fall and winter. Fifty the preferences of clothing images classified into four groups and each group has the different preference in color tone. Finally Season and gender were revealed to be more important variables in the preferences of children's clothing image and color image.

• 감성과학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 피험자의 경험에 의한 학습의 정도가 색사용에 어떠한 영향을 주고 있으며 그 요소는 무엇인지를 찾아보는 것에 있다. 본 실험에서는 서로 다른 두 유명작품을 자극으로서 사용하였으며, 피험자에게 자극의 전과 후, 같은 패턴에 색칠하기를 그려 받았다. 자극의 전후에 그려 받은 색칠하기에서 선택한 색과 색 양, 색 수, 색의 구성의 변화를 비교 분석함으로써 자극으로부터 받은 요인을 찾아보고자 한다. 본 연구는 경험의 정도가 다른 어른과 어린이의 색사용의 변화를 비교한 선행실험의 결과를 토대로 하였다. 본 실험에서는 전공에 의한 학습경험의 정도가 다른 디자인 전공자와 비 디자인전공자의 색사용의 변화를 비교해보였다. 결과로부터 디자인 전공자의 경우, 색의 자극이 다양했던 모네그림의 자극 후에는 색 수의 감소 현상이 나타났으며 자극의 그림에서 사용된 색의 선택이 높아지거나 색 양이 증가하는 경향이 보였다. 비 디자인전공자의 경우, 몬드리안그림의 자극 후 자극전의 색 수보다 감소하는 반대의 경향이 나타났으며, 디자인전공자와 비교하였을 때 선택한 색과 색 양의 변화는 있었지만 불규칙적인 경향을 나타내었다.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2006

Recent color plans in school buildings are made by experts through public offerings for prizes for designs etc in relatively many cases. But it is necessary to review if such color plans are actually well conform to students' emotions and what trend the color plans made as such have. Therefore, this study examined and analyzed the exterior colors of the school buildings planned by public offerings for prizes for designs and reviewed the result comparing to the color preferences of students that had already been studied to figure out the differences between existing theories and the realities. And it was examined what differences were existing in the trends of color plans and color images examined between each of school levels. The result of the study compared to theories is as follows. First, when the color distributions were reviewed for each school level, it could be confirmed that the overall distributions moved from Y category to B category and whereas warm colors were more widely distributed and the number of colors were greater compared to cold colors in case of elementary schools, the distributions of warm colors gradually decreased as school level moves to high schools. Second, the color use distributions of elementary school students were revealed to be more diversified than middle and high school students and also the number of colors used was 9.5 in average in elementary school and middle schools and high schools were similar to each other with average 5.86 colors in middle schools and 6.33 colors in high schools showing a little differences in color use distributions among school levels of elementary schools, middle schools and high schools. Third, in case of elementary schools, except main colors, both of subsidiary colors and emphasizing colors had the distributions of warm colors of R, YR, Y categories and cold colors of B, PB categories and this is also consistent with the results of existing research results indicating that low grade students prefor for warm colors and high grade students prefer for cold colors. Fourth, in case of middle schools and high schools, although the distributions of warm colors decreased, the distributions of warm colors and cold colors were revealed to be similar. This is considered to be consistent with the existing research results indicating that girl students prefer for warm colors even if their ages go up. Fifth, as for the images of main colors, subsidiary colors and emphasizing colors resulted from the comparisons by solid color Image Scales and adjective Image Scales, first, in case of main colors, natural images or clear images appeared the most in all of elementary schools, middle schools and high schools indicating that basically calmness is emphasized with soft images rather than hard images and static images rather than dynamic images. Also, in case of subsidiary colors or emphasizing colors, cheerful images or splendid images are also seen to decrease as school level goes from elementary schools to high schools in adjective Image Scales and this is considered to reflect the color sentiment differences between children and juveniles based on ages.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.617-632
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• 2002

The purposes of this study are 1) to classify the consumer group according to clothing purchase store(department store, road shop, discount store, Dongdaemoon & Namdaemoon markets) 2) to analyze the differences between VMD attributes which each consumer group value. The attributes on the VMD are categorized as 5 areas 1) interior 2) show window 3) product display & display change cycle 4) color · light · music · small instrument 5) promotion(POP & salesperson). The data were collected from 238 females students and were analyzed by frequency, percent and X²-test. The results of this study are as fellows . 1) On the attribute of Interior, there were significant differences in terms of flow in a store, rest area, the cleanness of floor, show case, and the merchandise itself. 2) On the attribute of show window, there were significant differences in terms of interst of show window. 3) On the attribute of product display & display change cycle, there were significant differences in terms of display method, and display change cycle. 4) On the attribute of color · light · music · small instrument, there were significant differences in terms of interest of color coordination, luminosity and effect of light, and necessity of music & small instrument. 5) On the attribute of promotion(POP & salesperson), there were significant differences in terms of aid of POP.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2023

PURPOSE. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of resin cement color, cement thickness, and thermocycling on the final color of monolithic lithium disilicate crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of ninety prepared central incisors of typodont teeth were restored with lithium disilicate crowns which have different cement thicknesses (40 ㎛, 80 ㎛, and 120 ㎛) and cement shades (clear, yellow, and white). Color parameters of restorations were measured with a spectrophotometer in three different steps 1) before cementing 2) after cementing and 3) after thermocycling with 10000 cycles. Color differences (ΔE₀₀) were calculated with the CIEDE2000 formula and evaluated according to perceptibility (0.8) and acceptability (1.8) thresholds. The ΔE₀₀ data were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA before and after thermocycling (α = .05). RESULTS. There was no interaction between the cement shade and the cement thickness factors. After cementation, the mean ΔE₀₀ was under the perceptibility threshold in the group of 40 ㎛ cement thickness and clear cement while it was between the perceptibility and acceptability thresholds (0.8 < ΔE₀₀ < 1.8) for all other groups. After thermocycling, the ΔE₀₀ values were between the perceptibility and acceptability thresholds for all experimental groups. Although there were no significant differences among the groups, thermocycling increased the color difference values. CONCLUSION. The cementation of restorations with clear, yellow, and white resin cements resulted in color differences with uncemented restorations except for the group cemented with clear cement in 40 ㎛ cement thickness. All study groups revealed perceptible color change after thermocycling.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2009

As more and more consumers shop online, websites of fashion brands have become effective means for business activities. The Colors of web sites are the most effective visual elements for e-tailers to communicate with consumers. The purpose of this study is to compare websites created for local and global markets by men's apparel brands. The empirical study focused on differences of color application between the local and global websites. Fourteen brands were chosen for the study. The main color, sub color, and accent color were extracted according to the screen component ratios for each website. The colors were analyzed by Munsell's 10 Hues and 12 tone classifications of Practical Color Coordinate System. The Results indicated that all websites were using White as the main color. The local website used pale tones while global websites used dark tones. There was also differences in the use of sub colors and tones. Red was most used as the accent color in both local and global websites.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2009

심미적인 특성을 가진 복합레진은 전치부 수복용 재료로 많이 이용되고 있다. 복합레진 수복 시 만족스러운 결과를 얻기 위해서는 색조의 선택이 중요한 역할을 한다. 현재 대부분의 수복용 복합레진은 Vita Lumin 색조견본(shade guide)이나 각각의 회사에서 제공하는 색조견본을 사용하고 있으나, 색조 견본 사이의 색차와 수복물과 견본 사이에 색차가 예상되어 그 차이를 규명하여 임상적인 선택 시에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 4종의 광중합 복합레진(Gradia Direct (GD), Z250 (Z250), Clearfil AP-X (AP-X), $Esthet{\cdot}X$ ($E{\cdot}X$))과 A2와 A3의 색조 견본을 사용하였다. 각 재료마다 3개의 시편과 1개의 색조 견본을 제작하였다. Teflon 주형(깊이 1.35 mm, 직경 8 mm)에 각각의 복합레진을 채우고 응축한 후에 중합하여 젖은 사포로 연마하였다. 색조 견본을 연마용 stone과 고무를 이용하여 1.35 mm 두께로 연마하였다. 컴퓨터에 의해 조절되는 spectrophotometer(color i5, GretagMacbeth, USA)를 이용하여 시편과 색조견본의 색의 특성을 CIELAB coordinates ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$)로 평가하였다. CIELAB 계측을 통하여 복합레진과 색조 견본의 색차(${\Delta}E^*ab$)를 비교 평가 하였다. 광원으로는 CIE standard D65를 사용하였다. 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 동일한 shade로 설계된 여러 제조회사의 복합레진 시편의 $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ 값 간에 유의할 만한 수준의 차이를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 2. 동일한 shade로 설계된 여러 제조회사의 복합레진 시편 간에 대부분 육안으로 인지할 만한 색차(${\Delta}E^*ab>3.3$)값을 나타냈다. 3. 동일한 shade로 설계된 여러 제조회사의 복합레진과 제조회사에서 제공되는 shade guide 및 Vita Lumin shade guide 간에 대부분 육안으로 인지할 만한 색차(${\Delta}E^*ab>3.3$)값을 나타냈다. 4. 임상에서 보다 나은 색 조화를 얻어 심미성을 향상시키기 위해서는 실제 수복물로 제작한 custom shade guide의 제작이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 제조사에 의해 제공되는 색조 견본이나 Vita Lumin 색조 견본은 임상의에게 복합레진의 색조 선택 시에 정확한 기준을 제공하지는 않았고, 대부분의 제품에서 인지할 수 있는 색차가 있었다. 그러므로 보다 나은 색조 선택을 위해 수복용 레진으로 제작한 맞춤형 색조 견본을 사용하는 것을 추천한다.