• 한국가금학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2003

본 시험은 천연 및 합성 착색제의 첨가가 브로일러의 사양성적, 착색도 및 기계적인 색도에 미치는 영향을 비교하기 위하여 실시하였다. 시험 기간중 이용된 사료는 단백질과 에너지를 동일한 수준으로 배합하였으며, 사료내 xanthophylls 함량은 약 8.54g/ton이었다. 본 시험에 이용한 브로일러는 총 450수로 10처리, 처리당 15수씩 3반복하였으며, 총 6주간 시험하였다. 시험 결과 증체량, 사료섭취량 및 사료효율은 천연 및 합성 착색제간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 착색제 첨가에 따른 폐사율은 착색제 첨가수준이 높을수록 낮았으며, 합성착색제보다 천연착색제가 우수하였다. 착색도 첨가에 따른 도체율, 복강지방 및 근위무게는 처리간 차이가 없었다. 정강이 피부의 착색도는 착색제 첨가수준이 증가할수록 높았으며(P<0.05), 합성착색제가 천연착색제보다 착색효율이 우수하였다. 정강이육과 피부에 있어서 기계적 색도는 착색도와 일정한 연관성이 없었다. 본 시험의 결과만으로 미루어 착색제 첨가는 육색에 대한 소비자들의 선호도를 감안한다면 첨가하는 것이 효율적이라고 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1044-1049
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• 2014

This study was conducted in order to investigate whether the presence of light or different colors of light would influence the energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens. Eight 8-week-old broiler chickens were adapted to a respiration chamber (Length, 28.5 cm; Height, 38.5 cm; Width, 44.0 cm) for one week prior to the initiation of the experiment. In experiment 1, energy expenditure and behavior of the chickens were analyzed in the presence or absence of light for four days. Chickens were exposed to 6 cycles of 2 h light/2 h dark period per day. In experiment 2, the broiler chickens that had been used in experiment 1 were used to evaluate the effect of 4 different wavelength light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens. The LEDs used in this study had the following wavelength bands; white (control), red (618 to 635 nm), green (515 to 530 nm) and blue (450 to 470 nm). The chickens were randomly exposed to a 2-h LED light in a random and sequential order per day for 3 days. Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production of the chickens were recorded using an open-circuit calorimeter system, and energy expenditure was calculated based on the collected data. The behavior of the chickens was analyzed based on following categories i.e., resting, standing, and pecking, and closed-circuit television was used to record these behavioral postures. The analysis of data from experiment 1 showed that the energy expenditure was higher (p<0.001) in chickens under light condition compared with those under dark condition. The chickens spent more time with pecking during a light period, but they frequently exhibited resting during a dark period. Experiment 2 showed that there was no significant difference in terms of energy expenditure and behavior based on the color of light (white, red, green, and blue) to which the chickens were exposed. In conclusion, the energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens were found to be strongly affected by the presence of light. On the other hand, there was no discernible difference in their energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens exposed to the different LED lights.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2008

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of the addition of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) to broiler diets on growth performance and meat characteristics. A total of 3,200 d-old, unsexed Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 16 pens (replicates), with 200 chicks per pen. There were four diet treatments (0, 5, 10, and 15% DDGS), and four replicates per treatment. From 8 to 21 d of age, the birds were fed broiler starter diets containing similar energy (TMEn 3,100 kcal/kg) and protein (21.6%) contents. From 22 to 35 d of age, they were fed grower diets containing similar nutrients (3,150 kcal/kg, 19.5% crude protein). No significant difference was found in growth performances among the four treatments. As the DDGS level increased, the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids in meat increased (p<0.05). The color scores of breast and thigh muscles were not significantly influenced by DDGS, however, the yellowness of shank increased significantly by the addition of DDGS. The hardness of breast and thigh meats was not affected by the addition of DDGS. It was shown that the use of DDGS in broiler diets up to 15% could decrease the feed cost by replacing part of corn and soybean meal, without any negative effect on growth performance and meat qualities.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.180-190
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• 2021

This study aimed to determine the carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens based on the slaughter age (28, 30, 32, and 34 days). The carcass characteristics included live and carcass weights, carcass rate, dressing rate, and retail cut weight. The meat quality properties were determined through proximate composition, pH, color, water holding capacity (WHC), cooking yield, and shear-force. The broiler chicken live, carcass, breast, thigh, and wing weights significantly increased with the slaughter age (p < 0.05); the tenderloin weight also exhibited a similarly increasing trend. However, the carcass rate of the day 28 sample was significantly lower than the other samples (p < 0.05). The protein and ash contents of the breast exhibited an increasing trend with increasing slaughter age. The protein content of the thigh of the day 28 sample was significantly lower than that of the other samples (p < 0.05), while the ash contents of the day 28 and 30 samples were significantly lower. The redness of the breast showed an increasing trend, and the pH and lightness of the thigh exhibited a decreasing trend with slaughter age. The WHC and cooking yields of the day 30 and 32 breast and thigh samples were significantly higher than those of the day 28 and 34 samples (p < 0.05). The breast and thigh shear-force of the day 30-34 samples were significantly higher than those of the day 28 sample (p < 0.05). The present study showed that even with a twoday difference in slaughter age, the broiler chicken meat quality showed a significant difference in several characteristics.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.251-255
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• 2008

본 연구는 CLA를 육계사료에 첨가하여 그 급여수준(0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 및 2.0%)에 따라 CLA를 급여한 계육의 일반성분, 관능평가, pH, TBARS, 가열감량, 보수력, 전단력 및 육색의 변화를 검토하고자 육계 200수(Arbor Acre Broiler, male)를 공시하여 사양한 후 대퇴부위 근육을 이용하여 분석하였다. 계육의 일반성분 중에 조단백질 함량은 1.5%와 2.0% 급여구에서 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였고(p<0.05), 수분, 조지방 및 조회분은 CLA 급여에 의한 영향은 없었다. 관능평가 결과 연도, 다즙성, 육향의 유의적인 차이는 관능검사요원에 의해 감지되지 못하였다. pH는 대조구보다 CLA 급여구에서 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). TBARS는 CLA 급여구에서 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 보였고, CLA급여량이 증가할수록 낮은 TBARS값을 나타내어(p<0.05), CLA는 계육의 저장성의 향상 가능성이 보였다. 보수성과 전단력 및 육색은 처리구간에 유의성이 없었다. 결론적으로 CLA를 급여함으로서 육질 변화 없이 2%까지 CLA 급여 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단되어 차후 CLA 급여에 의한 계육의 CLA축적에 관한 추가 실험이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary onion (Allium cepa) extract (OE) supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract retention (ATTR), blood profile, carcass characteristics and meat quality in broilers. Methods: Four hundred male broiler chicks (Ross 308, 3-d old) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments for 28 d feeding trial. Each treatment has five replications with 20 birds each. Four dietary treatments were designated according to the OE supplementation levels (0 as control, 5, 7.5, and 10 g of OE per kg of basal diet respectively). On d 28, a total of 20 birds from each treatment were subjected for ATTR, serum biochemical assay, carcass characteristic and organ weight measurement. Results: Overall weight gain of OE 7.5 g/kg group was higher (p = 0.04) than control group. The ATTRs of dietary energy (p<0.01) and ether extract (p = 0.04) linearly increased with increasing levels of dietary OE. However, no difference in ATTR of dry matter and crude protein was evident. Furthermore, serum IgG concentration increased linearly (p<0.01) and quadratically (p = 0.03) with increasing OE supplementation. No differences in carcass dressing weight and amount of abdominal fat by treatments were observed. Also, the weight of organ including immune organ was not different among the treatments. The TBARS values of 10 d stored breast meat decreased linearly (p<0.01) and quadratically (p<0.01) with increasing dietary OE levels. The meat color was also affected, with lower (p<0.01) redness score in meats from OE supplemented groups. This study showed that dietary OE improved broiler weight gain presumably by increasing feed intake and ATTR of both energy and ether extract. The dietary OE increased serum IgG level and meat anti-oxidation capacity. Conclusion: This study implies that the recommended level of dietary OE supplementation could be beneficial for improving broiler performance and meat quality.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.384-389
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• 2016

A total of 400, one day-old commercial broiler chicks were divided into five diet groups (negative control, positive control group with 55 ppm Zn-bacitracin, 15 ppm ${\beta}$-glucan, 30 ppm ${\beta}$-glucan, and 60 ppm ${\beta}$-glucan) and fed for six weeks. Ten broilers were allotted to each of 40 floor pens. Eight floor pens were randomly assigned to one of the 5 diets. Each diet was fed to the broilers for 6 weeks with free access to water and diet. The survival rate, growth rate, feed efficiency, and feed conversion rate of the broilers were calculated. At the end of the feeding trial, the birds were slaughtered, breast muscles deboned, and quality parameters of the breast meat during storage were determined. The high level of dietary ${\beta}$-glucan (60 ppm) showed better feed conversion ratio and survival rate than the negative control. The survival rate of 60 ppm ${\beta}$-glucan-treated group was the same as that of the antibiotic-treated group, which showed the highest survival rate among the treatments. There was no significant difference in carcass yield, water holding capacity, pH, color, and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values of chicken breast meat among the 5 treatment groups. Supplementation of 60 ppm ${\beta}$-glucan to broiler diet improved the survival rate and feed conversion rate of broilers to the same level as 55 ppm Zn-bacitracin group. The result indicated that use of ${\beta}$-glucan (60 ppm) can be a potential alternative to antibiotics to improve the survival and performance of broilers. However, dietary ${\beta}$-glucan showed no effects on the quality parameters of chicken breast meat.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.789-795
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• 2012

본 시험은 육계에 뽕잎 분말의 급여량에 따라(0, 1%, 2% 및 3%) 5주간 사육한 육계의 생산성과 육계의 도체특성, 혈액성상 및 육색을 조사하였다. 실험구는 뽕잎 분말을 첨가 급여하지 않은 처리구를 대조구, 뽕잎 분말 1% 급여구는 T1, 뽕잎 분말 2% 급여구는 T2 그리고 뽕잎 분말 3% 급여구를 T3 등 4개 처리구로 나누어 실시하였다. 육계의 생산성은 처리구간 유의적인 변화는 없었다. 도체특성 중 도체중, 도체율, 근위, 맹장, 심장 및 복강지방 무게는 처리구간에 유의성이 없었고, 간의 무게는 대조구와 T1 및 T2는 비슷하지만 T3에서 다소 가벼운 결과이었다(p<0.05). 육계의 혈액 성상 중 HDL-cholesterol과 glucose 및 albumin은 뽕잎 급여구에서 높았고, 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-cholesterol은 낮아지는 결과로(p<0.05) 뽕잎을 3%이상 급여할 경우 유의한 변화를 보였다. 뽕잎 분말을 3% 급여한 계육의 $L^*$값과 $a^*$값은 증가하여 육색이 어두워지는 경향이었고, $b^*$값은 처리구간에 특이한 변화가 없었다. 결론적으로 뽕잎 분말을 3% 이상 급여하면 총콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol이 감소하며, HDL-cholesterol이 증가함으로 혈액성상을 개선할 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1957-1966
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the difference in the thigh meat quality of Ross 308 broiler from conventional and welfare farms. Methods: Thigh meat samples of Ross 308 broilers (age, 35 d; carcass weight, 1.1 kg) from conventional farm (RCF, n = 60) and animal welfare farms (RAWF, n = 60) were analyzed. Proximate composition, pH, color (lightness, redness, and yellowness), water-holding capacity (WHC), shear force, total aerobic bacteria (TAB), and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) were measured and the levels of bioactive compounds such as dipeptides (anserine and carnosine), creatine, creatinine, and their anti-oxidation activity were determined. Results: The RCF and RAWF did not differ significantly in their proximate composition, WHC, color, and creatine and carnosine levels. The pH value was significantly lower in RAWF than in RCF on day 7. The shear force value was significantly higher in RAWF than in RCF throughout the storage duration. TAB in RCF on day 9 were significantly higher than those in RAWF. The VBN content of RAWF was significantly lower than that of RCF after 5 days of storage. Creatinine content was significantly higher in RAWF (3.50 mg/100 g) than in RCF (3.08 mg/100 g) on day 1. Along with higher carnosine and anserine contents of RAWF, it had significantly higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities than those of RCF. Conclusion: These results imply that the animal welfare farming system beneficially affects the overall oxidative stability of Ross 308 thigh meat.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

본 연구는 오메가-3 다가불포화지방산의 함량을 높인 육계의 생산을 위하여 n-3 지방산과 올리브유를 혼합한 사료[CON(5% 일반지방), FXO(2.5% 아마씨유+ 2.5% 올리브유), FEO(2.45% 아마씨유+ 0.05% EPA + 2.5% 올리브유), FDO(2.45% 아마씨유+ 0.05% DHA + 2.5% 올리브유) 그리고 FHO(2.5% 어유+ 2.5% 올리브유)]를 육계에게 4주 간 급이하였다. 4주간의 사양 후 도계를 통하여 닭의 간, 가슴살 그리고 다리살을 채취하였다. 채취한 간은 간 무게/생체중의 비율, 육색 그리고 지방산의 조성 분석을 위하여 사용되었으며, 닭 가슴살과 다리살은 지방산 함량 분석을 위하여 사용되었다. FHO 사료를 급이한 육계의 간은 EPA가 유의적으로 낮았으나 DPA와 DHA는 높았다(p<0.05). 가슴 근육은 n-6 지방산인 AA와 DPA 그리고 n-3 지방산에서 FDO 처리구가 이외의 처리구 대비 유의적으로 높았으며(p>0.05), 더욱이 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 수치적으로 EPA와 DHA 함량 역시 높았다. LNA 함량은 FEO와 FDO 사료를 급이한 닭의 다리 근육에서 유의적으로 높았으며, AA 함량 또한 FHO와 유사하였다. FHO 사료를 급이한 닭의 다리 근육은 EPA, DHA 그리고 n-3 지방산에서 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타낸 반면에 AA의 함량과 n-6/n-3 지방산의 비율은 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 따라서 본 실험은, n-3의 다가불포화지방산의 함량을 증가시킴과 동시에 n-6/n-3 비율의 향상을 위해서는 근섬유 조성에 따라 그 접근법이 달라야 된다는 사실이 조사되었으며, 가슴과 다리 근육 내 n-3 지방산의 함량을 증가시키기 위해서는 각각 FDO와 FHO 사료의 급이가 적합할 것으로 판단된다.