• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.63-90
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• 2002

Quantitative measurement of melanin is the best method to evaluate whitening effect of cosmetics on human skin. However, non-invasive method to quantify human skin melanin with high precision has not been established. Whitening effect of cosmetics on the skin results in lightening of skin color. Therefore, it is reasonable to measure skin color in a reproducible manner for the assessment of whitening effect. Several Instruments or methods, such as colorimeter, mexameter, and visual assessments by experts , have been used for this purpose. In this lecture I will review the details of various assessment methods for the evaluation of whitening effect and discuss the pros and cons of each method. Then I will present briefly the results of clinical trial. Finally I will introduce new non-invasive modalities to quantify melanocytes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.96-109
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• 2016

This objectives of this research was to look into the actual state of fashion wearing purchase and makeup purchase to recognize the interrelationship between fashion and makeup styles by selecting words used for fashion image and cosmetic style. Such study can offer basic materials for choice of makeup style by each fashion style. Most information on fashion and cosmetics were obtained through the internet. However, a lot of information on cosmetics were also obtained through TV. Therefore, if fashion companies use both internet and TV for advertising, more effect on purchasing might be obtained. The design and color are important standards for selecting clothes. However, the quality and price of clothes are essential standards for purchasing cosmetics. Therefore, for fashion companies, they need to pay more attention to design and color. However, for cosmetic companies, they need to take notice of quality and price. When image words were extracted, fashion images showed the following words: natural, romantic, elegance, casual, and avant-garde, while makeup images showed romantic-casual, elegance, avant-garde, and natural. Regarding the interrelationship between fashion style and makeup style, natural and casual fashion style were harmonized with natural makeup while romantic fashion style was associated with romantic makeup. The fashion style of elegance and avant- garde was associated with elegance makeup. Therefore, similar images were found between fashion and makeup styles.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2021

Formulations which are dispersed in water are often used in color cosmetics because they are characterized by no powder flying, not sticky, and high adherence while giving a light feeling of use. However, little research has been considered on the effect of the pigment on the above formulations used in color cosmetics. In this study, experiments were conducted to measure and analyze the effect of pigments on the formulation of pigments, organic pigments, and pearl polish, which are mainly used in the manufacture of color cosmetics, on appearance changes, pH changes, and photometric stability. Carmine or ferric ferrocyanide coated titanium dioxide mica-based pigments were not suitable for use due to poor photostability, with colors appearing on the surface from low viscosity formulations. Organic pigments had a good photostability of 1% of the formulation which are dispersed in water, but were not suitable for use because they came out of color on the water surface and did not spread well due to the clumping of powders. The titanium dioxide mica system pigments coated with pearl polish, inorganic pigments, and iron oxide were suitable for use due to their excellent appearance and optical stability in the formulation. Furthermore, the pH of all samples distributed by each pigment seems to be within the range of 3.0 to 9.0, which is suitable for cosmetic applications. This is expected to help manufacture color cosmetics with a stable water dispersible formulations by selecting and using stable pigments in anticipation of the behavior of pigments in the formulations.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.52-69
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• 1996

Nano-Sized TiO$_2$ particles with diameter between 2 and 5 nm are synthesized in Water/Triton X-100/n-Hexane microemulsion. Particles show the amorphous structure and partially hydroxide form. The optical absorbance of particles appears at 250nm and band edge at 340nm. Gold metal is deposited on the surface of TiO$_2$ particles by reduction reaction of Au(III) ion with sodium hypophosphite. The size of gold-deposited particles is 20nm, and the optical absorbance appears at 270nm and at 550nm. So particles show the red color. The dense precipitation is formed by aggregation in the TiO$_2$ nano-sized particles of about 5nm size. But the bulky precipitation is formed by agglomeration phenomena in the gold-deposited particles of 20nm size. And also gold-deposited particles is easily dispersed by being re-dispersed in PEG/Water solution. This study has compared those things measuring the SPF characteristics of the cosmetics made of the synthesized particles. If the particle size is controlled appropriately, then the SPF value will be higher, or more colorless cosmetics will be made.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.226-231
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• 2008

In this study, benzoxazolo carbocyanine is of industrial importance as green-sensitizing dye in the spectral sensitization. Sensitizing dye was prepared by the reaction of 2-methyl-3-sulfopropyl-4,5-benzoxazolium (inner salt) with triethyl orthobenzoate in the presence of triethylamine. The product was identified by using various analytical tools such as elemental analyzer, IR spectrophotometer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, $^1H$-NMR spectrometer, TGA and DSC. The maximum absorption peak in methanol solvent was 507 nm. Therefore, it was concluded that benzoxazolo carbocyanine dye can be used as sensitizing dye for the spectral sensitization of photographic emulsion and color cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.416-421
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• 2014

Naphthothiazolo carbocyanine is of industrial importance as red-sensitizing dye in the spectral sensitization. Sensitizing dye was prepared by the reaction of 2-methyl-3-sulfopropyl-4,5-naphthothiazolium (inner salt) with triethyl orthopropionate in the presence of triethylamine. The product was identified by using various analytical tools such as elemental analyzer, IR spectrophotometer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, $^1H$-NMR spectrometer, TGA and DSC. The maximum absorption peak in methanol solvent was 578nm. Therefore, it was concluded that naphthothiazolo carbocyanine dye can be used as sensitizing dye for the spectral sensitization of photographic emulsion and color cosmetics.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.125-133
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• 2020

Methylisothiazolinone (MIT) and chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) cause allergic contact dermatitis and are banned cosmetics ingredients, except in rinse-off products. However, their presence has been detected in cosmetics. We report a UPLC-tandem MS/MS screening method for their simultaneous determination in cosmetics. To facilitate extraction from various matrices, pretreatment methods were developed for each sample type. The method was optimized through a series of assessments, including specificity, LOD, LOQ, linearity, recovery, stability, precision, and accuracy. The LODs and LOQs for MIT ranged from 0.054 and 0.163 ㎍ mL^-1 whereas those for CMIT ranged from 0.040 and 0.119 ㎍ mL^-1. The linear correlation coefficients (r²) were higher than 0.999. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) for both intra- and inter-day measurements ranged from 0.3 ~ 13.6 %. Recoveries at three different concentrations were within 87.9 ~ 118.9 %. The RSD for stability measurements of spiked samples was within 7 %. These results confirm the suitability of the developed method for the simultaneous quantitation of MIT and CMIT in cosmetics. Samples of 320 color cosmetics, including eyeshadows, solid lipsticks, liquid lipsticks, and nail polishes were analyzed using the developed method, and two of them were found to contain both MIT and CMIT and one of them was found to contain only MIT. This data and the method will aid the regulation of ingredients used in cosmetics.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.137-150
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• 2019

This study aimed to provide consumer perception and evaluation of natural Cynanchi Atrium Fermented Original Cosmetics for Skin Whitening that can improve skin by using oriental medicinal ingredients. The product was applied three times a day for two weeks by a total of 60 users who agreed to participate in a clinical trial assessing the usability and skin sensitivity to extracts that had already completed component safety testing. This study subjects reported which images were most reminiscent of Korea. They preferred products that bore Korean images because they felt trust and recognized that the quality of the cosmetics was excellent. The responses also showed that many consumers were willing to buy a product, even though it was luxurious, elegant, and expensive. The cognitive evaluation of Original Cosmetics was high and showed that the quality was likely to be good. The usability and CMF(Color, Material, Finishing) evaluation of Original Cosmetics showed good product the product is long-lasting and tightened and moisturized skin naturally. They are think about that this product it has moisturizing effects and good application for use, so it is light and soft to use. And had a whitening effect. It was intended to assist in the development of products that meet consumers' desires and expectations for safe, healthy, and beautiful skin by developing a skin whitening Original Cosmetics prototype that can inhibit the production of melanin and tyrosinase activity safely and effectively.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.279-285
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• 2019

This study was conducted on adolescent high school girls who were most interested in their appearance to examine the makeup and cosmetics use of high school girls and to present their correct pre-made cosmetics use training materials. This survey was conducted after the modification and supplementation of the questionnaire. Most high school girls in adolescence begin to wear makeup out of curiosity at the age of 16-17, when they are in their third year of middle school and first year of high school. In other words, high school girls in adolescence begin to wear makeup as the effects of puberty lead to rapid physical development and physical change, and the desire to get attention from reason and others rapidly increase. It can be seen that high school girls who are interested in makeup actively manage their personal appearance as they explore the Internet, TV and other media outlets, copy female celebrities of their own age who appear in the media, and make them look strange.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.80-99
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• 1998

In recent years, demand of make up products has been suddenly increased, and colors n make up products have been also emphasized. For these reasons, prior to every season each cosmetics cooperation supplies new colors and informations with based on color trend. But, in addition to color, various functions such as treatment effect, long lastingness, non-transferring and transparent glossiness have been also require by consumers. In this paper, the whole changes and technical trends of make up cosmetics are described, and in addition, the psychological effects of make up are introduced.